Virtual Infrastructure Mid term
Match each item with a statement below 1. Used to determine the MAC address associated with an IP address within the sender's network. 2. A method of gaining access to the underlying host through flaws in the hypervisor. 3. A virtual switch that can be accessed from VMs running on any host managed by vCenter Server. 4. A virtual switch similar to a Private Virtual Network in that it isn't bound to any physical NIC. 5. A memory management protocol used in multiprocessing environments, allowing for a CPU to access local memory faster than memory that is shared with other processors. 6. A common open source protocol used to communicate between switches and a management server. 7. Occurs when an attacker searches for information about the target using publicly available sources such as Web sites or Facebook pages. 8. Occurs when a hacker uses tools such as Network Mapper (NMAP) to look for open network ports and other vulnerable aspects of a system or applications. 9. A way of managing the flow of data across complex switched network environments that can include both physical and virtual switches. 10. A way of segmenting a network logically such that ports on a switch can be divided into logical groupings and act as a separate logical network.
1. Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) 2. directory traversal attacks 3. Distributed Switch 4. internal virtual switch 5. Non-Uniform Memory Access (NUMA) 6. OpenFlow 7. reconnaissance phase 8. scanning phase 9. software-defined network 10. vlan
Match each item with a statement below. A technique used by hypervisors to cause a guest VM to release infrequently used memory pages. A networking mode that allows traffic from a virtual machine to pass through unchanged to the physical network as though it were directly attached. A virtual disk file that allocates space on the hosting hardware only as it is required to satisfy the needs of the guest VM. ballooning Used to create additional logical cores that can be used by the hypervisor to improve the performance of virtual machines. hypervisor A piece of software that enables the sharing of hardware resources between the hosting operating system and virtual environments. server sprawl A method of separately storing any changes to a parent VM made by a specific user such that it does not affect the parent VM. A standard created by industry wide vendors in various areas of virtualization for the purpose of copying or moving virtual machines between different platforms. An accumulation of specialized and departmental servers that increases costs of computer hardware and maintenance, as well as power consumption. Open Virtualization Format A personal computer that runs its own operating system and applications. ballooning A software package that includes a virtual machine containing a preinstalled and configured application that's ready to use.
1. Ballooning 2. Bridged Mode 3. Dynamic Virtual Disk 4. hyperthreading 5. hypervisor 6. linked clones 7. OVF 8. server sprawl 9. thick client 10. virtual appliance
How does the use of a Storage Area Network (SAN) differ from the use of a Network Attached Storage (NAS) device?
Storage Area Networks (SAN) are more expensive to implement than NAS, but because the data stores on a SAN are directly formatted and managed by the hypervisor, SAN can provide higher speed performance than NAS along with more advanced features such as clustering and dynamic storage allocation.
How does the use of storage tiering affect the performance of virtual machines?
Storage tiering is an example of a data center storage technology that can further increase performance by dividing storage devices into tiers based on access speed.
What VMware vSphere technology allows you to move not only a running virtual machine to a different vSphere host, but also the files associated with the virtual machines to a different data store?
Storage vMotion
What statement regarding the use of IPv4 is accurate?
The 127.0.0.1 address is reserved as a loopback address.
How is the iSCSI connection process typically made secure?
The Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol is used to create a secure connection by encrypting the logon using a secret key.
You are provisioning a virtual machine's SCSI adapter for installation with Windows 10. What SCSI adapter type should you use for performance reasons?
The LSI Logic SAS type, because it uses a serial interface.
What are the advantages of using UEFI?
The advantages of UEFI utilizes the GPT which is essentially a better and faster version of the BIOS that utilizes the master boot record, which is faster and has more features than the BIOS.
After copying a virtual machine, you discover that neither the copy or the original virtual machine can reliably communicate with the network using a bridged network connection. What is most likely the issue?
The copied virtual machine has the same MAC address as the original VM.
What is the purpose of the NX/XD CPU feature present in most modern Intel and AMD processors?
The feature adds a layer of security by marking areas of memory as non-executable.
Under what conditions can you dynamically change the number of vCPUs or memory available to a guest OS?
The guest OS must support the dynamic addition of CPUs and memory.
What is not a valid requirement for the installation of VirtualBox?
The host must support hardware virtualization.
What statement reflects a valid approach to improving performance and security on a virtual server that accesses shared storage over the network, in addition to providing networking services?
The host should be configured to use separate network adapters for accessing storage and providing services.
What component of virtualization controls all physical memory, and thus has the ability to make any unused memory pages in each guest available for other virtual machines or the host computer?
The hypervisor
What statement regarding virtual disk types is accurate?
A dynamic disk does not immediately allocate the configured size of the disk.
What is the difference between a template and a clone?
The main difference between a template and a clone is that the clone is a running VM and the template is not.
When using the VMware Horizon software, where do client desktop operating systems run?
They run on a VMware vSphere ESXi host.
When a virtual machine in Hyper-V is saved from the Action menu, where is the virtual machine's memory and state information saved to?
They're both saved to a file on the host computer
Both vSphere 6.0 and Hyper-V provide checkpoint merge capability which allows a snapshot to be applied to a running VM without the need to shut down and restart.
True
Cloud services are highly reliant upon the use of virtualization technology.
True
Diskette drives are only available on generation one virtual machines.
True
In VMware workstation Pro, by default, the new VM wizard will set the memory amount to what is recommended by the OS you are installing.
True
Many of the concepts used in today's virtualization products date back to IBM mainframe computers for the 1970s.
True
Operating systems are grouped by type within the VirtualBox Manager.
True
The hypervisor intercepts and processes requests coming from the guest operating systems and then returns the results back to the virtual machine.
True
The installation of VMware Workstation 12 Pro can be automated utilizing the msiexec.exe program.
True
The network ID is the same for all computers that share a network.
True
The reconnaissance phase of an attack occurs from outside of the network.
True
Unity is a VMware Workstation 12 Pro function that enables you to run applications from a virtual machine as though the applications are running on the host.
True
Virtual machine performance suffers without the installation of Integration Services for Hyper-V VMs.
True
You are moving a VMware virtual machine to a new computer. Why is it important to consider the virtual machine's UUID?
UUID deals with a VM's MAC address and could be duplicated if moved to another virtual environment.
A user has asked for your assistance in restoring the wizard windows and confirmation messages that they've checked the "Do not show this again" option. Where can this setting be found?
Under the Hyper-V Settings dialog box, within the "User" section.
Where can the settings for the Shielding option on a virtual machine be configured?
Under the Settings window for the virtual machine, in the Hardware section.
What VMware Workstation 12 Pro feature allows a host to separate applications from a virtual machine so that they can be run without the VMware interface?
Unity mode
You are planning to install a Windows 7 guest operating system on a virtual hard disk using VMware Workstation 12 Pro, and you intend to use a partition that is 3 TB in size. What should you do to ensure that the partition is bootable?
Use a UEFI firmware type.
What is the difference between a fixed size virtual disk and a dynamic virtual disk?
A fixed-size virtual disk creates a file on a host computer that takes up exactly the amount of space provisioned for the virtual disk. A dynamic virtual disk on the other hand, utilizes only the amount of space required by the virtual machine.
What is the difference between a full clone and a linked clone?
A full clone is an exact copy, with the new virtual machine getting a copy of all of the virtual disk files in its own folder. A linked clone will continue to use the original virtual machine's disk files
What statement regarding the use of a generation two virtual machine is accurate?
A generation two virtual machine simulates the newer style EFI firmware.
What statement regarding the use of an IDS is not accurate?
An IDS improves performance of a virtual network.
You are about to install a guest OS from a DVD disc. What must you do in order to install the guest OS in a generation two virtual machine?
An ISO file must be created from the DVD in order to use it with a generation two virtual machine.
What is the most commonly used form of a Storage Area Network?
An iSCSI network
What DRS mode has the ability to move VMs to other ESXi hosts based on a preset performance threshold rating, requiring no actions on behalf of an ESXi administrator?
Automatic
When in the Virtual Machine Hardware Compatibility window of VMware Workstation 12 Pro, what checkbox should be selected to provide compatibility for migration of the virtual machine to the vSphere Hypervisor?
ESX Server compatibility
Where in the Hyper-V Settings window for a virtual machine can you configure the ability of the virtual machine to access local resources on the host computer, such as audio, printers, and USB devices?
Enhanced Session Mode Policy
What feature, available in Windows 7 and Windows Server 2008 and later allows the guest OS to communicate directly with a hypervisor, for increased features and improved performance?
Enlightened I/O
What is the difference between the NAT and NAT network modes available for virtual network adapters?
Essentially, NAT mod allows the guest OS is to access the Internet, however no other hosts using the same mode. In NAT network mode, a home router is essentially simulated, thus allowing the guest OS to access the Internet.
What is the Open Virtualization Format, and how does it facilitate the migration of virtual machines between hypervisors?
Essentially, OVF is a standard that was created by vendors. By utilizing OVF and different types of software you can take that format and run different VMs
You are attempting to change the boot device of a virtual machine. What key can be pressed during the VM BIOS screen to change the boot device?
F12
A NIC can be assigned to more than one virtual switch.
False
A dynamically allocated virtual hard disk file will grow and shrink to meet the needs of the virtual machine.
False
A virtual machine can't share the use of a network adapter with the host.
False
In virtualized computing, a single computer is capable of supporting a single operating system.
False
Use of the Shared Clipboard and Drag'n'Drop features of VirtualBox does not require the installation of Guest Additions tools.
False
VMware Workstation 12 is only compatible with VMware Fusion version 9 or later.
False
When a VirtualBox VM is in full screen mode, you can exit full screen mode by pressing Right Ctrl + Home.
False
With VMware Workstation 12 Pro, you can modify the amount of RAM or the number of virtual processors used by a virtual machine while it is in use.
False
Worms are viruses that are operating at the same privilege as the hypervisor and have methods to hide from detection by anti-virus software.
False
What are the two different types of Storage Area Network system?
Fibre Channel and iSCSI
Under what menu within VirtualBox can a virtual appliance be exported?
File Menu
Where can you manually connect a USB device to a virtual machine on VMware Workstation 12 Pro?
From the VM menu, select Removable Devices, then attach the USB device.
You are attempting to install a Windows Server 2008 guest OS to a SCSI based drive within a generation one virtual machine, however, you find you are unable to perform the install. What is the reason for this failure?
Generation one virtual machines do not support a non-IDE based boot drive.
You have enabled the "Data Exchange" feature within Integration Services for Hyper-V. What registry key is used to pass information back and forth between the guest and the host?
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Virtual Machine\Guest\Parameters
You have restored a snapshot on a VMware Workstation 12 Pro based virtual machine, only to discover that after reverting, an independent disk has not been reverted. What is the issue?
Independent disks are not included in snapshots.
You are employed by a cloud service provider that offers virtual machine services along with virtual switches, storage, firewalls, and other virtual devices. What type of cloud environment does your employer sell?
Infrastructure as a Service
You are using VMware Workstation 12 Pro and are currently on the "Select I/O Controller Types" window. What are your choices for configuration of the adapter in this window?
LSI Logic ATA logic Parallel Logic ATAPI
You are attempting to move a vSphere virtual machine stored in a VMFS formatted iSCSI volume to a workstation running VMware Workstation 12 Pro. What must be done to the VM before it can be moved?
Nothing, the virtual machine utilizes the .vmdk format and is ready to be moved.
What format enables a virtual machine to be moved between virtualization platforms, and is often used for deploying virtual appliances?
Open Virtualization Format (OVF)
What open standard was developed as a result of collaboration between NASA and Rackspace?
OpenStack
The VDI disk file format is native to what virtualization platform?
Oracle VirtualBox
What type of cloud computing service provides hardware infrastructure along with necessary operating system software for running client applications?
Platform as a Service
You have finished configuring the Remote Display extension for VirtualBox, and must instruct a user on how to connect to the host. What protocol must the user utilize to communicate using this extension?
RDP
What are the three import types in Hyper-V?
Registering the machine in place restoring the virtual machine copying the virtual machin
When using a physical graphics card to accelerate video and 3D rendering in a virtual machine, what role must be added to the server?
Remote Desktop Virtualization role
What key serves as the key that releases control of a host's keyboard and mouse from a guest virtual machine's control when using VirtualBox?
Right Ctrl
What keyboard shortcut can be used to send a Ctrl + Alt + Delete sequence to a virtual machine in VirtualBox?
Right Ctrl + Del
While using VirtualBox in full screen mode, what key press combination will display the main menu bar?
Right Ctrl + Home
What virtualization technology makes it possible to avoid overhead associated with software-managed shadow page tables?
Second Level Address Translation (SLAT)
What security options exist for a virtual machine within Hyper-V under the Hardware section?
Secure Boot Trusted Platform Module there is also Shielding
What are snapshots, and what makes them a useful feature when using virtual machines?
Snapshots are used to preserve the current state of a virtual disk so you can return to it later even after many changes to the guest OS.
You are storing a virtual disk on a partition that is FAT32 formatted. What option in VMware Workstation 12 Pro should you select to avoid the limitations of FAT32?
Split virtual disk into multiple files
What are the two different types of checkpoints?
Standard and production
While using VMware Workstation 12 Pro, you notice that virtual machine performance is starting to slow. Upon further investigation, you discover that the virtual machines are causing paging on the host, despite plenty of RAM being available. What should you do to improve performance?
Use the "Fit all virtual machine memory into reserved host RAM" option.
What does VMware Tools consist of, and how are they installed?
VMware Tools consists of utilities and drivers installed in the guest OS that improve performance and add useful management features, such as making it easier to share files and to move control of cursor and keyboard between virtual machines and host windows.
What are the three major methods that VMware Workstation 12 Pro supports for transferring and sharing files with a VM, and how are they used?
VMware Workstation 12 Pro provides three major methods you can use to share or transfer files between virtual machines and the host computer: dragging and dropping files, using shared folders, or mapping virtual disks.
When using VMware Workstation 12 Pro Tools in a VM, the host machine's printers are added to the virtual machine. How is this accomplished?
VMware tools creates a virtual serial port to attach the printers.
What is the VMware file system (VMFS), and what advantages does it provide over the use of traditional file systems?
VMware uses a file system called VMFS to format and manage data stores on both local and shared SAN storage including Fibre Channel and iSCSI.
What VMware technology is used by VMware FT to keep the secondary virtual machine up to date with the active primary virtual machine?
VMware vLockstep
What hypervisor does NOT include a DHCP service for use with virtual machines?
VMware vSphere
What is a valid product that the "Connect to Server" option in the File Menu for VMware Workstation 12 Pro will function with?
VMware vSphere
What configuration setting determines the maximum screen resolution and number of colors for a VM?
Video RAM
A production type checkpoint within Hyper-V utilizes what service in the guest OS to perform the checkpoint?
Volume Shadow Copy Service
What Windows OS is not supported by Microsoft for installation within Hyper-V?
Windows 7 Home Edition
When utilizing UEFI in VMware, what is the oldest version of Windows that can be installed?
Windows 8
What is the oldest version of Windows Server to support the use of Microsoft's Hyper-V product?
Windows Server 2008
What version of Windows Server 2016 does not include the Hyper-V role?
Windows Server 2016 Essentials
While modifying a disk image within VirtualBox, what mode causes the state of the disk image to not be saved when a snapshot is created, and not restored when a snapshot is reverted back?
Writethrough mode
What hypervisor uses a special guest called Domain 0 that loads along with the hypervisor and is used to directly access the hardware?
Xen
When you have finished using a virtual machine in Hyper-V, what are your options for ending the session?
You can simply close the connection, but it might run in the background. You can also use the Turn off toolbar button. You can also use the Start, Power, shutdown option.
How can you use and view snapshots within VMware Workstation 12 Pro?
You can view and take snapshots in the snapshot manager. You can take a snapshot by clicking "take a snapshot", it should be on the toolbar. To view you snapshots, go to manage snapshots button and click on your current snapshots.
The process of storing a single copy of a data sector and then using reference pointers to access this data from other locations is known by what term?
data deduplication
What is the default disk type utilized by the Hyper-V hypervisor?
dynamic disk
What phase of an attack implies a hacker is actively attacking a system and applications using vulnerabilities discovered in the other phases?
exploitation phase
A virtual machine that is paused on Hyper-V has a saved state, similar to a snapshot, that is reverted to when the virtual machine is resumed.
false
Hyper-V supports the use of a physical floppy drive within virtual machines, much the same way a physical DVD drive can be used to support discs.
false
What is the maximum number of network adapters that can be configured for a virtual machine running in VirtualBox?
four
You are configuring an IDE controller within VirtualBox. How many drives are you allowed to add to the controller?
four
You are getting ready to deploy a virtual machine on a Hyper-V host, and have come to the "Specify Generation" window. What generation should you select if your virtual machine will have a 32-bit guest OS?
generation one
What role does the iSCSI initiator play in establishing a connection to an iSCSI target?
he iSCSI initiator on the host hypervisor system connects to the iSCSI storage target across the TCP/IP network. The iSCSI initiator can be either a hardware-based host bus adapter (HBA) or a software initiator
Which of the following does an operating system installed in a guest virtual machine do?
interacts with hardware through the hypervisor
How does the Easy Install feature work within VMware Workstation 12 Pro, and what parts of the install does it automate?
it is a VMware Workstation 12 Pro feature that allows you to automate the installation of recent Windows and Linux operating systems.
What sort of network policy should you utilize in vSphere if your intent is to limit the amount of bandwidth a virtual machine is allowed to use?
network traffic shaping policy
What are the features that are enabled through the use of Integration Services with Hyper-V?
one useful feature is enhanced mouse support, which enables you to move between the virtual machine and host without using a key combination
When using the Hyper-V hypervisor, what virtual switch type is the most restrictive, in that it will not allow communication with even the host?
private network
When using Microsoft Hyper-V, what type of virtual switch should you utilize if you want to limit communication of a virtual machine to only virtual machines running on the host?
private virtual switch
What type of malware is a virus that operates at the same privilege as the hypervisor and utilizes various methods to hide from detection?
rootkit
You have been tasked with creating a virtual machine that will require access to the Internet, but should be prevented from sending and receiving packets directly from the physical network. What network mode should be used?
shared (NAT) mode
How do the two different types of checkpoints available in Hyper-V differ?
standard checkpoints and production checkpoints
The number of snapshots that can be supported for an individual VM is limited only by the amount of disk space available.
true
What feature, supported by VMWare, allows the live migration of a running VM from one host to another?
vMotion
Under what menu in the Virtual Machine Connection window can you send a "Ctrl+Alt+Delete" sequence to the guest OS?
Action
match each item with a statement below 1. A security feature that prevents malicious software from inserting executable code into sections of memory intended for data storage. 2. A feature supported by some OS kernels to enable guest OS communication with Hyper-V for improved performance. 3. Hardware virtualization support for AMD processors. 4. A video graphics processing unit, can be used to provide accelerated video and 3D rendering. 5. An option that enables a host PC's memory and processors to be split up into nodes. 6. A disk that is tied to another disk, and only stores the changes between the two disks. 7. A virtual floppy disk file that can be attached to a virtual machine. 8. Allows the use of only as much memory as needed, within a specified range, by a virtual machine. 9. Allows a virtual machine on a host to have an exact copy on the local network, or across the Internet, which can be used if the primary virtual machine goes down. 10. Special hardware that handles cryptographic keys.
1. DEP (Data Execution Prevention) 2. Enlightened I/O 3. AMD-V 4. GPU 5. NUMA spanning 6. differencing disk 7. vfd file 8. dynamic memory 9. replication 10. TPM
Match each item with a statement below. 1. Using this network mode within VMware Workstation 12 Pro makes a virtual machine appear as another physical computer on a network. 2. A virtual switch that includes the host computer's NIC, allowing a virtual machine to be part of the physical network. 3. A VMware Workstation 12 Pro feature that allows you to automate the installation of recent Windows and Linux operating systems. 4. A virtual switch that isolates the virtual machine from the physical network but allows communication with the host computer. 5. A device that uses ports to connect multiple NICs to the same network and uses MAC addresses to determine which port traffic is to be sent to. 6. A code that identifies a virtual machine and is part of a machine's physical network address. 7. A software emulated device that provides access to virtual networks. 8. A type of firmware that is limited to 16-bit processor mode and can be used to edit settings stored in a CMOS. 9. A type of firmware that provides support for newer processors, booting from large partitions, and an advanced graphical user interface. 10. A virtual switch that is connected to an internal virtual network that includes itself, the host computer, and any other virtual machines that are configured to use it.
1. bridged network 2. bridged switch 3. Easy Install 4. host-only switch 5. Switch 6. UUID 7. Virtual Switch 8. BIOS 9. UEFI 10. NAT Switch
Match each item with a statement below. 1. A virtual disk file that will start out small and grow as needed to the maximum specified size. 2. A virtual disk file that will immediately consume the amount of space it is provisioned for. 3. An exact copy of another virtual machine, including virtual disk files. 4. In VirtualBox, the key used to switch control back to the host computer (Right Ctrl by default). 5. A clone that will allow you to continue using the original virtual machine's disk files, only storing the differences. 6. Used to preserve the current state of a virtual disk so you can return to it later, even after changes have been made. 7. An image using this mode will not save any state changes when a snapshot is created, nor will they be restored when the snapshot is reverted. 8. Any changes to an image in this mode will be lost when the virtual machine is powered down. 9. Similar to the Writethrough mode, except that the image file can be used by multiple virtual machines at the same time. 10. The default mode for an image file. When a snapshot is created, the state of the disk is also saved along with it.
1. dynamically allocated disk 2. Fixed size disk 3. Full clone 4. host key 5. linked clone 6. snapshots 7. Writethrough disk mode 8. Immutable disk mode 9. Shareable disk mode 10. Normal mode
What private IP address range is a Class B private IP range?
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.0.0
What is the maximum number of virtual hard disks that can be supported on the SATA controller within VirtualBox?
30
You are installing VirtualBox on a computer. What is the minimum amount of RAM required to perform the install?
512 MB
What are the installation requirements for Hyper-V when using Windows Server 2016?
A 64 bit processor
What are the four ways in which a virtual machine session can be ended within VirtualBox?
A VM can be paused from the Machine menu, causing the VM to suspend temporarily. A VM can also be reset from the Machine menu, which will shut down the VM and perform a restart. The ACPI Shutdown option in the Machine menu will perform a safe and proper shutdown of the guest OS. Finally, the Close button can be clicked to present options for saving the machine state, sending the shutdown signal, and powering off the machine.
How do the three types of cloud computing differ from each other?
A public cloud can be configured to offer services to anyone connected to the Internet with a valid account. A private cloud is hosted by a company that provides the private cloud service using virtual machines and applications they maintain in their own data centers. A hybrid cloud in conjunction with load balancing can allow for a private cloud service to offload some services to a public cloud service provider during high utilization periods.
How might a software developer benefit from the use of virtualization?
A software developer might benefit from the use of multiple virtual OS. If a software developer is required to utilize a Windows system but is more comfortable utilizing a linux machine having the accessibility of VMs make it easier.
What is the difference between a thick client and a thin client?
A thick client refers to a computer that runs its own operating system and applications. A thin client uses a connection broker to connect a user's device to their virtual desktop
Why are type-1 hypervisors more efficient than type-2 hypervisors?
A type-1 hypervisor accesses the physical hardware directly.
What are frames, and how are MAC addresses used to receive a frame on the network?
Both physical and virtual network adapters transfer data between network computers in packets of data bits called frames. In addition to data, frames include a Media Access Control (MAC) address used to identify the sender and receiver. Network adapters receive frames by "listening" to network transmissions and checking each frame's MAC address. When a network adapter "sees" a frame with its MAC address, it transfers data bits from that frame into memory and then notifies the OS that the frame has been received.
What are the three network modes that can be used for a virtual machine, and what does each mode do?
Bridged: A bridged mode is essentially when, a vm establishes a connection with you computers network card. NAT (shared): allows access from outside connection but isolates the virtual machine. Host only: it is a local mode that uses an emulated NIC and it is isolated for the outer world.
You are configuring a backup program for a server that hosts Hyper-V based virtual machines. One of your required locations to back up is the folder containing the virtual machine configuration files. Where are these located?
C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Hyper-V
On a Windows 10 host, where is the default storage location for virtual machines when using VMware Workstation 12 Pro?
C:\Users\username\Documents\Virtual Machines
When settings are changed in the BIOS user interface, where are they stored?
CMOS
What statement regarding the use of linked clones within VMware Workstation 12 Pro is not accurate?
Changes made to each of the linked clones are stored within the template VM's virtual disk files.
How do virtual COM ports communicate with the host machine on Hyper-V?
Communication is done through the use of a named pipe.
How can you add a pre-existing virtual machine to VirtualBox?
Create a folder on your host computer for the virtual machine files, and then copy the virtual hard drive file (.vdi extension by default) and the virtual machine definition file (.vbox extension) to the folder you created. Then, start the VirtualBox Manager and click the Machine, Add menu. In the Select a virtual machine file window, navigate to the folder containing the virtual machine files, select the virtual machine definition file (.vbox extension), and then click Open. The virtual machine should then start.
What are the benefits of utilizing Virtual LANs to divide a network?
Create logical grouped networks improve security improve performance by confining broadcast traffic to a subnet of switch ports.
When using the Hyper-V hypervisor, what is the default mouse release key combination that will transfer mouse control from the VM back to the host?
Ctrl + Alt + left arrow
What key combination in VMware Workstation 12 Pro will bring up the Snapshot Manager?
Ctrl + M
What statement regarding the use of Hyper-V is accurate?
Hyper-V requires a 64-bit processor with hardware virtualization support.
What is hyperconvergence, and how does it affect the data center environment?
Hyperconvergence is a framework that combines storage, computing, and networking into a single system in an effort to reduce data center complexity and in crease scalability.
An ISO image file uses what format to store a disc's contents in a single file on a computer?
ISO 9660
While modifying a disk image within VirtualBox, what mode causes any changes made to the disk image to be lost when the VM is powered down?
Immutable mode
What is the difference between a Storage Area Network and a Network Attached Storage device?
In a NAS the storage acts as a file server it is a single storage device that operates on data files and a SAN is a local network of multiple devices attached to a dedicated high speed network
What does the VMware Transparent Page Sharing (TPS) feature do?
In essence the transparent page sharing is a memory managment technology that condenses redundant memory pages on a host computer into one singular page.
What is the difference between the two virtual disk file formats supported by Hyper-V hypervisor?
In essence, A VHDX file can have a capacity of up to 64 TB versus a 2 TB limit on VHD files. A VHDX also supports 4 KB logical sector sizes for increased performance on modern drives, and is better at preventing data loss due to unexpected shutdowns.
What is VMware Converter, and how is it used?
In essence, VMware Converter is a utility that facilitates the creation of VMware virtual machines from physical systems or virtual machines associated with third-party vendors.
What is a trunk port, and why is it necessary when using VLANs?
In essence, a trunk port can transmit data from several VLANs. Brief, if you have several VLANs on a particular switch, you don't necessarily require or need more cables or switches for each vlan. A trunk port allows one to send signals for each switch or router across a single trunk link.
What configuration settings are available in the Hyper-V Settings Server section, and what does each setting do?
In essence, second generation VMs have support for UEFI whereas typically first generation use BIOS firmware. Second generation only support 64-bit OS. Second generations typically support security features.
Where can you change the IP address range utilized by the virtual network switches in VMware Workstation 12 Pro?
In the Virtual Network Editor option from the Edit menu
A VM for Windows 8 has been created within VirtualBox. What will be the default virtual network adapter type for this VM?
Intel PRO/1000 MT Desktop
What does the AutoProtect feature do within VMware Workstation Pro 12?
It automatically takes snapshots at a given interval to enable quick recovery.
When working with the toolbar for VirtualBox, what does the "Discard" setting do?
It discards the saved state of the virtual machine and starts the virtual machine fresh.
What does the PAE/NX option do when it is enabled?
It enables 32-bit operating systems to access more than 4 GB of RAM.
Why has VDI (Virtual Desktop Infrastructure) become such a major player in IT data centers?
It has become such a major player in IT data centers because it uses virtual machines to provide users with a remote desktop environment that can be available from many devices and locations, yet can be centrally maintained and managed
What is the Distributed Resource Scheduler feature available in vSphere?
It is a feature that enables a virtual environment to automatically balance itself across an ESX host to eliminate resource contention.
When a Xen based guest VM makes a request for a hardware resource, such as reading from a disk, where is the request sent to?
It is sent to the Domain 0 guest.
What does the "ACPI Shutdown" option from the Machine menu do?
It performs a safe and proper shutdown of the VM.
What does the Ctrl + Alt + Break key combination do within Hyper-V?
It toggles the use of the Full Screen Mode.
What is the purpose of a shadow page table when a hypervisor is used?
It tracks the memory pages allocated by each guest VM.
What is the difference between a virtual network adapter in the "Internal Network" mode and an adapter in the "Host-only" mode?
Live migrations allow a virtual machine to be moved from one host to another while it's still running without interruption. The number of simultaneous migrations allowed can be set for this feature, as well as where migrations can come from on the network. Storage migrations are similar to live migrations, but only move the storage of your virtual machine while it's running, not the entire virtual machine. This feature also allows the number of simultaneous storage migrations to be configured.
What is the difference between the live migrations feature and the storage migration feature within Hyper-V, and what configuration options exist for each in the Hyper-V Settings window?
Live migrations allow a virtual machine to be moved from one host to another while it's still running without interruption. The number of simultaneous migrations allowed can be set for this feature, as well as where migrations can come from on the network. Storage migrations are similar to live migrations, but only move the storage of your virtual machine while it's running, not the entire virtual machine. This feature also allows the number of simultaneous storage migrations to be configured.
Under what menu within VirtualBox can the "Discard Saved State" be found?
Machine menu
Where can the option to enable Unity mode be found?
Menu tool bar
What virtualization product supports the use of 4-KB disk sectors within virtual drives, allowing the virtual machine to take advantage of increased storage capacity?
Microsoft Hyper-V
What are the useful features enabled by the use of the Guest Additions integration software for VirtualBox within a guest OS?
Mouse pointer integration Shared folders Better video support Seamless windows Generic host/guest communications Time synchronization Shared clipboard Automated logins
While modifying a disk image within VirtualBox, what mode allows for multiple virtual machines to share a single disk image at the same time, as well as store the changes unique to each VM?
Multi-attach mode
You are using a network attached storage (NAS) system for virtual machine storage. What protocol can you use with VMware ESXi to access the files on the NAS?
NFSv3
A virtual machine is being migrated to VirtualBox, and you are examining the requirements for the virtual machine. One requirement in particular is that the virtual machine must be able to use up to seven serial ports. Will the migration be successful?
No, VirtualBox can only support 4 serial ports max.
What are the five different modes that can be used when modifying a disk image within VirtualBox?
Normal Writethrough Shareable Immutable Multi-attach
When modifying a disk image in VirtualBox, what mode provides full access to the guest OS to read and write, so that when a snapshot is created, the state of the disk is also saved with it?
Normal mode
You have just configured a virtual machine using default options where possible and turned it on for the first time. You discover the IP address of the guest is outside the IP address range of your physical network, but is still able to communicate with the Internet. What is the explanation for the difference in IP address?
The network adapter for the virtual machine is using the default NAT switch option.
Within the File menu of Virtual Box, there is an option to "Import Appliance". What is this option, and what does it do?
The number of snapshots that can be supported for an individual VM is limited only by the amount of disk space available.
You are working in a VMware vSphere based environment, and have been asked to create a parent virtual machine that can be shared amongst many users. One of the requirements of this desired setup is that individual user changes must be kept separate. What is the best implementation based on the requirements given?
The parent virtual machine should be configured to make use of linked clones.
When cloning a virtual machine that will be used on the same network as the original virtual machine, why should the re-initialize option be used?
The re-initialize option causes VirtualBox to generate a new random MAC address for the cloned VM. Without a unique MAC address, the two VMs will experience issues communicating on the network whenever both are online
What is used to facilitate the use of virtual machine dynamic memory?
The smart paging file, which is normally located in the same directory as the virtual machine configuration files.
Where should you check to ensure that both the DEP/NX bit and hardware virtualization are enabled for your host machine running Windows Server 2016 Standard?
The system BIOS configuration screens.
While using a linked clone, what option should be enabled to ensure the parent or snapshot is not deleted or changed?
The template option should be enabled on the parent.
What happens when the "Delete" link is used from the Actions menu in Hyper-V Manager?
The virtual machine configuration files are removed, but the virtual disk files are left in place.
You have just turned on a virtual machine and after determining that a network issue exists, you discover that the virtual machine is using the IP address of 169.254.141.259, with a subnet mask of 255.255.0.0, and no default gateway has been set. What is the issue?
The virtual machine has failed to receive an IP address from a DHCP server, and has resorted to an APIPA address.
You are actively using a virtual machine on your host computer, and have noticed that the virtual machine is connecting each USB device you connect to your system automatically. What must be done in order to change this setting?
The virtual machine must be powered off, and the "Automatically connect new USB devices" option must be turned off.
You are trying to provision a virtual machine within VirtualBox to allow for remote access over the network, and wish to configure authentication for the remote display extension. Where do you find these settings?
They are found within the General section under Preferences for the VM.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using the physical disk option in VMware?
Using the physical disk option can increase virtual disk speed by allowing the virtual machine to read and write directly from a physical disk, instead of using the host computer's file system for disk accesses, as with the other virtual disk options. However, the physical disk option has the disadvantage of making it more difficult to move the virtual machine to another host computer and should be used only when increased disk performance is more important than the virtual machine's mobility.
What advanced virtual hard disk format, introduced by Windows Server 2012 R2, provides increased storage capacity of up to 64 TB per VM disk, improved performance, and security?
VHDX
What component serves as the core of the vSphere ESXi hypervisor?
VMKernel
What virtual network switch in VMware Workstation 12 Pro is used for bridged communications with the physical network?
VMnet0
What two virtual network switches in VMware Workstation 12 Pro provide communication with virtual machines without using the physical network?
VMnet1 and VMnet8
What virtual switch, created by default with VMware Workstation 12 Pro, is used to connect a virtual machine to the host computer via NAT?
VMnet8
What VMware feature utilizes a second copy of a running VM that runs on a second vSphere host and is updated in real time, so that transfer can occur immediately to the second VM if the first should go offline?
VMware FT
What is NOT a product designed specifically for the virtualization of applications within a VDI environment?
VMware Fusion
Your work environment consists of a large number of Mac OS X based devices. The developers in your network have requested virtualization software be installed for their use. What product should you use?
VMware Fusion
What statement regarding the installation requirements for Hyper-V is accurate?
You must have a processor that supports SLAT in order to install Hyper-V.
You have been tasked with creating a virtual machine that will be providing hosted services on the physical network, and possibly the Internet. What network mode should be used?
bridged mode
What are the three different types of virtual switch supported by VMware Workstation 12 Pro, and what do they do?
bridged switch: includes the host computer's NIC, allowing the virtual machine to be part of the physical network. host only switch: A host-only switch isolates the virtual machine from the physical network but allows communication with the host computer NAT: The NAT router enables virtual machines connected to VMnet8 to access the external network by using the host computer's IP address
