VTA 170 Final

To ensure the most accurate blood pressure reading, the cuff should be what percentage of the width of the limb?

40%

What information is included in the patient's signalment? A- Age, gender, breed B- "Proceed with caution" signals C- Previous surgical history D- All of the above

A- Age, gender, breed

Ringed instruments should be held with the rings A- distal to the first knuckle of both the thumb and ring finger B- proximal to the first knuckle of both the thumb and ring finger C- distal to the first knuckle of the thumb, but proximal to the first knuckle of the ring finger D- proximal to the first knuckle of the thumb, but distal to the first knuckle of the ring finger

A- Distal to the first knuckle of both the thumb and ring finger

Which scissors are finer and more lightweight and therefore used on delicate tissue? A- Metzenbaum B- Mayo C- Operating D- Suture

A- Metzenbaum

Which needle holders have scissors included in the jaws? A- Olsen Hegar B- Mayo Hegar C- Derf D- Crile Wood

A- Olsen Hegar

The basic principles of pain management involve which of the following? A- Preemptive analgesia, multimodal analgesia, and appropriate follow-up analgesia B- The use of NSAIDs C- The use of an opioid as a premedication D- None of the above

A- Preemptive analgesia, multimodal analgesia, and appropriate follow-up analgesia

When might a situation of negative pressure exist in the anesthesia system? A- When the oxygen source is depleted B- During anesthesia induction C- During recovery from anesthesia D- Only during "high flow" anesthesia

A- When the oxygen source is depleted

Ideally the surgery room is A- at least 12 x12 feet in dimension B- a separate room used only for surgery C- adjacent to the scrub sinks D- has no doors for easy communication

B- A separate room used only for surgery

When the rebreathing bag is being squeezed to ventilate the patient manually, the pop-off valve needs to be A- Open and then closed after giving a breath B- Closed and then opened after giving a breath C- Open and remain opened after giving a breath D- Closed ad remain closed after giving a breath

B- Closed and then opened after giving a breath

What position is the patient placed in for abdominal exploratory surgery? A- Sternal recumbency B- Dorsal recumbency C- Left or right lateral recumbency depending on the side needed

B- Dorsal recumbency

How frequently should physiologic parameters be recorded in the anesthesia log during surgery? A- Every minute B- Every 5 minutes C- Every 15 minutes D- Every hour

B- Every 5 minutes

Why should taking the patients temp be saved for the end of the PE? A- It is the least important part of the PE B- Most animals dislike having their temperatures taken rectally, and it is easier to perform a PE on a cooperative patient; taking the temperature early during the PE may make the patient uncooperative for the rest of the examination. C- By the end of the PE, the examiner should have already ascertained whether the patient is febril, and only then does the temperature need to be taken D- None of the above E- All of the above

B- Most animals dislike having their temperatures taken rectally, and it is easier to perform a PE on a cooperative patient; taking the temperature early during the PE may make the patient uncooperative for the rest of the examination.

Which of the following scalpel blade grips allows for a finer, more precise incision? A- Fingertip B- Pencil C- Palmed D- Slide

B- Pencil

Which of the following surgical procedures may create challenges for monitoring the patient because of the patient positioning? A- Total hip replacement B- Perineal urethrostomy C- Prostate biopsy D- Lateral ear ablation

B- Perineal urethrostomy

Why is it important to confirm that the pop-off valve is completely open after the anesthesia machine and circuit are checked for leaks? A- It can only reset if it is open B- When the patient is connected to the anesthesia machine with the pop-off valve closed, the patient will not be able to exhale C- It is not important D- All of the above

B- When the patient is connected to the anesthesia machine with the pop-off valve closed, the patient will not be able to exhale

A 27-kg patient would need what size of rebreathing bag? A- 3L B- 2L C- 1L D- 0.5 L

B-2L

Which instrument would be used to collect large amounts of bone graft material intraoperatively? A- Jacobs hand chuck B- Periosteal Elevator C- Bone Curette D- Biopsy needle

C- Bone curette

Which tactic(s) may stop a cat from purring during thoracic auscultation? A- Gently squeezing the thorax with one hand while the other hand holds a stethoscope against the chest wall B- Massaging under the cat's chin C- Holding the cat near a sink/faucet with or without running water D- All of the above E- None of the above

C- Holding the cat near a sink/faucet with or without running water

A surgical consent form included which of the following? A- All of the patient's prior surgeries, medical history, and current medications B- An estimate for surgical procedures to be preformed C- Identification of the patient, the specific procedures to be preformed, potential risks to the patient, and the physicians who will preform the procedures with the signature of the owner consenting to the procedure D- The patient's diet E- None of the above

C- Identification of the patient, the specific procedures to be preformed, potential risks to the patient, and the physicians who will preform the procedures with the signature of the owner consenting

All of the following are goals of balanced anesthesia EXCEPT.... A- Maximize the positive effects of certain drugs B- Minimize the side effects of certain drugs C- Maximize the likelihood of allergic reactions D- Minimize cardiac depression

C- Maximize the likelihood of allergic reactions

Which valve allows for room air to enter the anesthesia system if negative pressure is detected in the system? A- Pop off valve B- Flowmeter C- Negative pressure relief valve D- Pressure manometer

C- Negative pressure relief valve

The suction tip best used to remove large volumes of fluid is the: A- Yankauer B-Adson C- Poole D- Plastic Connector

C- Poole

What monitoring device measures exhaled CO2 levels?

Capnometer

Hypotension can be cause by ___________ _____________

Cardiac insufficiency

What are some safe techniques for preventing hypothermia in small animal surgical patients? A- Circulating warm water pads B- Electric heating pads C- SnuggleSafe discs D- All of the above

D- All of the above

What is the purpose of premedicating a patient before including anesthesia for surgery? A- Provide a smooth transition for anesthesia B- Provide preemptive analgesia C- Facilitate a smooth recovery from anesthesia D- All of the above E- None of the above

D- All of the above

What needs to be done to the patient after the hair clip and before the patient is moved into the surgery suite? A- Vacuum the clipped hair and clipped area of the skin B- Check to see whether the bladder needs expressing C- Perform initial skin scrub D- All of the above E- None of the above

D- All of the above

Which of the following contributes to hypothermia in an anesthetized patient? A- Anesthetic induced muscle relaxation B- The surgical prep using water and alcohol C- Administering room temp IV Fluids D- All of the above

D- All of the above

Which of the following should be preformed the day of the surgery? A- Thorough physical examination B- Review of the patient's medical history with the owner C- Verbal review of the consent form and obtaining the owner signature D- All of the above

D- All of the above

Why is it important to review all medication and supplements that a patient is taking before beginning the surgery? A- To avoid possible drug interactions B- Know whether other diagnostics tests are indicated C- Make any necessary adjustments to anesthetic protocol D- All of the above

D- All of the above

What position is the patient placed on the surgery table for thoracic surgery? A- Dorsal Recumbency B- Right lateral recumbency C- Left lateral recumbency D- Any of the above E- None of the above

D- Any of the above

Why are leading questions inappropriate to ask during the history taking? A- They make the owner feel compelled to answer a certain way B- They may encourage the owner to answer inaccurately C- They are appropriate D- Both A & B E- None of the above

D- Both A & B

Why is it important for ratchets to remain locked when the jaw is closed? A- The instrument needs to be a reliable mechanism of holding the target tissue or item B- If the ratchets do not remain locked complications could result C- Ratchets needs to be protected by lock and key so the surgeon can unlock them when it is needed D- Both a & b

D- Both A & B

Why should the patient's identity be verified before the animal is anesthetized for surgery? A- To avoid anesthetizing the wrong patient B- To avoid preforming the wrong surgery on the wrong patient C- It is not necessary D- Both A & B E- None of the above

D- Both A & B

Which procedure would be scheduled as the first of the day? A- Corneal laceration B- Splenectomy C- OHE D- Knee replacement

D- Knee replacement

Which of the following provide multimodal anesthesia? A- Gas anesthetics, morphine, butorphanol, and fentanyl B- NSAIDs C- Xylazine and meloxicam D- Opiods, NSAIDs, local anesthetic agents, and a2-adrenergic agonists E- None of the above

D- Opiods, NSAIDs, local anesthetic agents, and a2-adrenergic agonists

The minimum data base for a young, healthy feline patient having an elective surgery would most likely include which of the following diagnostic tests? A- CBC, Parvovirus test, electrolytes, and blood typing B- CBC, Blood serum, chemistry panel, FeLV/FI test C- FeLV/FIV test, Abdominal readiographs, and an ECG D- PCV/TS, Estimate of BUN, BG, and ALT E- PCV/TS, thyroid panel, and FeLV/FIV test

D- PCV/TS, Estimate of BUN, BG, and ALT

Which part of the anesthesia machine indicates the amount of pressure in the system? A- Pressure reducing valve B- Flowmeter C- CO2 Canister D- Pressure manometer

D- Pressure manometer

A change in which wave of an ECG is likely when myocardial hypoxia is occuring? A- P B- Q C- S D- T

D- T

What part of the anesthesia machine converts the liquid anesthetic into a gas anesthetic? A- Pressure manometer B- Oxygen flowmeter C- Pressure reducing valve D- Vaporizer

D- Vaporizer

Why is it important to use surgical instruments only for their designed purpose? A- Avoid damaging them B- Protect their useful life C- High quality instruments are expensive and should be handled with care D- All of the above

D-All of the above

Which class of drugs causes muscle rigidity?

Dissociative anesthetics

Which of the following contributes to hypothermia in the anesthetized patient? A- Anesthetic induced muscle relaxation B- The surgical prep using water and alcohol C- Administering room-temp IV fluids D- Breathing in cold gases from compressed cylinders E- All of the above

E- All of the above

Which of the following should be assessed during history taking? A- Patients attitude and mental status B- Patient's previous medical problems and treatments C- Patient's ability to see/hear D- Patient's gait and body condition E- All of the above

E- All of the above

Why does an orthopedic "clip and prep" of an extremity need to include a circumferential clip around the entire limb? A- If the incision goes all the way through the limb and out the other side, the other side will be prepped B- If the surgeon mistakenly incises the wrong side of the limb the mistake can be easily corrected C- For patient comfort D- All of the above E- None of the above

E- None of the above

T/F when scrubbing the skin of the intended surgical site, sufficient friction should be generated to cause hyperemia

FALSE

T/F: Anticholinergics, such as glycopyrrolate and atrophine, increase the heartrate and provide purely beneficial effects for patients

FALSE

T/F: Chlorohexidine scrub or solution can be used as the final, sterile surgical scrub

FALSE

T/F: Gas anesthesia provides multimodal analgesia

FALSE

T/F: It is accepted practice to scrub a patient initially with a povidone-iodine product

FALSE

T/F: It is appropriate to premedicate a patient with preexisting cardiovascular disease with xylaine

FALSE

T/F: The first spray of the final prep should be directly over the incision site

FALSE

How can patient's correct identity be verfied?

ID Band, Cage Card, and Medical Record

What is the primary purpose of the anesthesia form?

It can serve as a legal document

Which reflex significantly diminishes or is absent when the patient enters the surgical plane of anesthesia?

Palpebral

T/F: Central venous pressure measurements require that a central line be placed.

TRUE

T/F: Peripheral catheters generally suffice for short-term use (1-3 days) and central lines are more appropriate for long-term vascular access.

TRUE

T/F: The Balfour retractor is a self-retaining retractor that is frequently used during abdominal exploratory procedures.

TRUE

Which of the following is true regarding positioning patients on the surgical table?

The particular position of the limbs is insignificant because the patient is anesthetized and cannot feel any pain that might be associated with awkward positioning BUT the patient's legs should not be forced into unnatural positions

What is the next step after the patient has been induced with anesthesia and the intended surgical site has been clipped and had initial prep performed?

The patient is moved to the surgery room and is positioned on and secured to the surgery table and the final prep is preformed

What can be done to help deep chested dogs from tilting to the side while in dorsal recumbency?

Using a V-trough and tying the forelegs crossed over the chest