VTNE Dentistry

9. Using the Triadan system, the proper way to describe a dog's first maxillary left permanent premolar is: a. 205 b. 105 c. 306 d. 502

a. 205

17. The carnassial teeth in dogs are: a. 4P4 and 1M1 b. 4P4 and 4P4 c. 1M1 and 1M1 d. 1C1 and 1C1

a. 4P4 and 1M1

20. A bulldog would be described as having what type of head shape? a. Brachycephalic b. Dolichocephalic c. Mesaticephalic/ mesocephalic d. Prognacephalic

a. Brachycephalic

4. Abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to dental terminology. Which abbreviation best aligns with the complicated crown fracture? a. CCF b. UCF c. UCRF d. CCRF

a. CCF

64. Which of the following statements about canine toy breeds is true? a. Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis b. Malocclusions are rare in toy breeds in comparison with giant-breed dogs c. Enamel hypoplasia is a common finding in toy breeds d. Prognathism is considered a genetic defect in brachycephalic breeds

a. Chronic impaction of incisor teeth with hair and debris often results in a chronic osteomyelitis

66. While performing a routine prophylactic dentistry, the veterinary technician notes a large, red raised lesion on the lip of her feline patient. The client noted that the lesion "comes and goes." What is a reasonable differential for this lesion? a. Feline resorptive lesion b. Trauma-related lesion c. Eosinophilic ulcer d. Tumor

a. Feline resorptive lesion

67. Feline cervical line lesions/ feline neck lesions/ feline resorptive lesions are of great concern to veterinarians. Which of the following statements regarding these lesions is false? a. Feline resorptive lesions are aggressive dental caries that result in resorption of roots and subsequent tooth loss b. Feline resorptive lesions often present with a raspberry seed-type sign at the base of the tooth where it meets the gingival margin c. Feline resorptive lesions are effectively managed with steroid administration d. It is common to find more than one feline cervical line lesion in the oral cavity

a. Feline resorptive lesions are aggressive dental caries that result in resorption of roots and subsequent tooth loss

50. When scaling gross calculus from the teeth: a. Hold the scaler using a modified pen grasp b. Hold the scaler using a modified screwdriver grasp c. Use long controlled strokes toward the gums d. Hold the curette using a modified pen grasp

a. Hold the scaler using a modified pen grasp

65. A biopsy report confirms that an oral mass is an acanthomatous ameloblastoma or an acanthomatous epulis. Which of the following statements is true regarding this growth? a. It is a nonmalignant tumor b. It is a malignant tumor c. It is very likely to metastasize d. It is related to the presence of a malocclusion

a. It is a nonmalignant tumor

30. A malocclusion in which the upper fourth premolar lies palatal to the first molars is known as: a. Posterior crossbite b. Base-narrow mandibular canines c. Wry mouth d. Rostral crossbite

a. Posterior crossbite

21. In veterinary dentistry, chlorhexidine solutions are used because they: a. Prevent cementoenamel erosion b. Have antibacterial properties c. Remove enamel stains and whiten teeth d. Are used to treat gingival hyperplasia in brachycephalic breeds

a. Prevent cementoenamel erosion

54. An older dog with dental disease is presented to the clinic with a draining tract below his right eye. What is the most likely cause? a. Right-sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess b. Left-sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess c. Right-sided mandibular carnassial tooth root abscess d. Maxillary incisor tooth root abscess

a. Right-sided maxillary carnassial tooth root abscess

1. Apical means "toward the _________." a. Root tip b. Crown c. Cheeks d. Tongue

a. Root tip

42. Dental film should be placed in the mouth with the dimple facing: a. Up and pointing rostrally b. Up and pointing caudally c. Down and pointing rostrally d. Down and pointing caudally

a. Up and pointing rostrally

36. To protect the pulp tissue of teeth from thermal damage during ultrasonic scaling, one should: a. Use constant irrigation b. Change tips frequently c. Use slow rotational speed d. Use appropriate amounts of paste

a. Use constant irrigation

8. At what age do the permanent canine and premolar teeth in dogs generally erupt? a. 3- 5 months b. 4- 6 months c. 5- 7 months d. 6- 8 months

b. 4- 6 months

10. Using the Triadan system, the proper way to describe a cat's first mandibular right molar is: a. 407 b. 409 c. 109 d. 909

b. 409

57. Brachygnathism is a genetic defect best characterized as: a. A maxilla that is longer than the mandible b. A mandible that is longer than the maxilla c. A lack of incisors d. Polydontia

b. A mandible that is longer than the maxilla

58. Prognathism is a normal condition in brachycephalic breeds but is considered a genetic defect in other breeds. It is best characterized as: a. A mandible that is longer than the maxilla b. A maxilla that is longer than the mandible c. One side of the head being longer than the other d. An overly long soft palate

b. A maxilla that is longer than the mandible

52. The following statements are all true except: a. Sulcus depth is measured using a probe b. A sulcus depth ≤ 3 mm is normal in a cat c. A sulcus depth > 3 mm indicates periodontal disease d. The probe is inserted gently into the gingival sulcus parallel to the root of the tooth

b. A sulcus depth ≤ 3 mm is normal in a cat

59. Malocclusions can lead to dental disease for all of the following reasons except: a. Soft-tissue trauma from teeth that are abnormally positioned b. Accelerated development of periodontal disease resulting from the lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of teeth with saliva c. Abnormal wear of teeth resulting from malposition leading to fracture and pulp exposure d. Presence of resorptive lesions leading to the destruction of teeth

b. Accelerated development of periodontal disease resulting from the lack of normal wear and the normal flushing of teeth with saliva

31. A malocclusion in which the canines erupt in an overly upright position, or the mandible is narrowed, is known as: a. Posterior crossbite b. Base-narrow mandibular canines c. Wry mouth d. Rostral crossbite

b. Base-narrow mandibular canines

28. The term that best describes a dog with an abnormally short mandible is: a. Prognathism b. Brachygnathism c. Mesaticephalic d. Dolichocephalic

b. Brachygnathism

15. Normal scissor occlusion occurs when the maxillary fourth premolars occlude: a. Level with the mandibular fourth premolar b. Buccally to the mandibular first molar c. Buccally to the mandibular fourth premolar d. Lingually to the mandibular first molar

b. Buccally to the mandibular first molar

23. Pocket depth is measured from the: a. Cementoenamel junction to the bottom of the pocket b. Current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus c. Cementoenamel junction to the current free gingival margin and then adding 1- 2 mm d. Cementoenamel junction to the apical extent of the defect

b. Current free gingival margin to the bottom of the gingival sulcus

39. Stomatitis is defined as: a. Bad breath that is evident when dental work must be completed b. Inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue c. Resorption of hard dental tissues by odontoclasts d. Inflammation and infection of some or all of the tooth's supportive tissues

b. Inflammation of the mouth's soft tissue

27. When polishing teeth using an air-driven unit, at what speed should the hand piece be set? a. High speed b. Low speed c. Either high or low is acceptable d. Finishing speed

b. Low speed

7. Which teeth on each side of the dog's mouth have three roots? a. Maxillary: third and fourth premolars and first molar b. Maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars c. Mandibular: fourth premolars and first and second molars d. Mandibular and maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars

b. Maxillary: fourth premolars and first and second molars

49. The nerves and blood vessels of a tooth are located in the: a. Sulcus b. Pulp cavity c. Marrow cavity d. Calculus

b. Pulp cavity

61. The furcation is best described as: a. The area between the cementum and the enamel b. The space between two roots where they meet the crown c. The space between the root and the alveolar bone d. The space between two teeth

b. The space between two roots where they meet the crown

45. You are looking at your dental radiograph and notice that the tooth is elongated. This happened because the beam was perpendicular to the: a. Film b. Tooth c. Bisecting angle d. Wrong tooth

b. Tooth

22. When using hand instruments to clean teeth: a. Use a modified pen grasp with a back-and-forth scraping motion. b. Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin. c. Use the sickle scaler for subgingival curettage. d. The curette is best used supragingivally.

b. Use a modified pen grasp with overlapping pull strokes that are directed away from the gingival margin.

16. Which of the following correctly describes the adult feline dental formula? a. 2 × {I 2/ 1: C 0/ 0: P 3/ 2: M 3/ 3} b. 2 × {I 3/ 3: C 1/ 1: P 4/ 4: M 2/ 3} c. 2 × {I 3/ 3: C 1/ 1: P 3/ 2: M 1/ 1} d. 2 × {I 3/ 3: C 1/ 1: P 3/ 3}

c. 2 × {I 3/ 3: C 1/ 1: P 3/ 2: M 1/ 1}

41. When taking radiographs of the canine tooth in a large breed dog, what size of dental film should be used to ensure that the whole tooth is included? a. 0 b. 2 c. 4 d. 8″ × 10″ screen film

c. 4

63. An oronasal fistula can often occur secondary to: a. Abscess of the mandibular canine tooth b. Incisor root abscess c. Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth d. Retained deciduous incisors

c. Abscess of the maxillary canine tooth

3. Hypodontia is defined as: a. Congenital absence of many, but not all, teeth b. Total absence of teeth c. Absence of only a few teeth d. Inflammation of the mouth

c. Absence of only a few teeth

43. The flap side of the dental film should face: a. Any direction, because it does not matter b. Toward the tube head c. Away from the tube head d. The caudal side of the animal

c. Away from the tube head

48. What mineralized tissue covers the root of the tooth? a. Calculus b. Enamel c. Cementum d. Dentin

c. Cementum

14. Dentin is covered by: a. Enamel and bone b. Bone and pulp c. Cementum and enamel d. Pulp and cementum

c. Cementum and enamel

40. A client would like to know what chew toy would be safest for her dog's teeth. You suggest that she is best to give "Fido" a: a. Dried cow hoof b. Nylon rope toy c. Dense rubber exerciser d. Large knucklebone

c. Dense rubber exerciser

12. As part of normal tooth development, what part of the tooth widens? a. Enamel b. Pulp c. Dentin d. Gingiva

c. Dentin

62. What is the most common clinical sign of feline stomatitis? a. Fractured crowns and/ or granulation tissue at the cementoenamel junction b. Thickening or bulging of the alveolar bone of the maxillary canine teeth c. Erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/ or hard palate d. Granular, orange-colored ulcerations found on the upper lips adjacent to the philtrum

c. Erythematous, ulcerative, proliferative lesions affecting the gingiva, glossopalatine arches, tongue, lips, buccal mucosa, and/ or hard palate

37. Another term for neck lesions often seen on feline teeth is: a. Peripheral odontogenic fibroma b. Stomatitis c. Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions d. Enamel fracture

c. Feline odontoclastic resorptive lesions

18. The free or marginal gingiva: a. Occupies the space between the teeth b. Is the most apical portion of the gingiva c. Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth d. Is tightly bound to the cementum

c. Forms the gingival sulcus around the tooth

44. The bisecting angle principle states that the plane of an x-ray beam should be 90 degrees to the: a. Long axis of the tooth b. Plane of the film c. Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane d. Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the animal's head and the film plane

c. Imaginary line that bisects the angle formed by the tooth's long axis and the film plane

2. When assessing and quantifying gingivitis, the modified Löe and Silness index is often referred to. According to this index, a gingival index 3 indicates: a. Clinically healthy gingiva b. Mild gingivitis with slight reddening and swelling of the gingival margins c. Moderate gingivitis, with gentle probing resulting in bleeding d. Severe gingivitis, in which there is spontaneous hemorrhage and/ or ulceration of the gingival margin

c. Moderate gingivitis, with gentle probing resulting in bleeding

35. Gingivoplasty is the: a. Addition of more gingiva to the site b. Binding of the loose teeth together to stabilize them during a healing process c. Removal of hyperplastic gingival tissue d. Removal of a portion of the tooth structure

c. Removal of hyperplastic gingival tissue

47. A scaler is used to: a. Check the tooth's root surface for any irregularities b. Measure the depth of gingival recession c. Scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth surface d. Scale calculus from the tooth surface located in the gingival sulcus

c. Scale large amounts of calculus from the tooth surface

68. Which of the following statements about the eruption of permanent teeth is false? a. The permanent upper canines erupt mesial to the deciduous canines b. The permanent lower canines erupt buccal to the deciduous canines c. The permanent incisors erupt distal to the deciduous incisors d. The permanent canine teeth erupt at 5 to 6 months of age in the dog

c. The permanent incisors erupt distal to the deciduous incisors

56. Why would thermal bone injury be a complication of tooth extraction? a. The bur will overheat and damage the soft tissue and bone b. Thermal injury is not a concern, as you are removing the tooth anyway c. Tooth elevators cause excessive heat, which could injure the soft tissue around the tooth that is being extracted d. Tooth extractors cause excessive heat, which could injure the remaining teeth

c. Tooth elevators cause excessive heat, which could injure the soft tissue around the tooth that is being extracted

26. You have an instrument in your hand that has two sharp sides, a rounded back, and a rounded point. Which instrument are you holding? a. Sickle scaler b. Morse scaler c. Universal curette d. Sickle curette

c. Universal curette

24. Between patients, it is best to maintain instruments in which following order: a. Use, sharpen, wash, and sterilize b. Use, wash, sterilize, and sharpen c. Use, wash, sharpen, and sterilize d. Wash, sterilize, use, and sharpen

c. Use, wash, sharpen, and sterilize

29. A malocclusion where one side of the mandible or maxilla is disproportionate to its other side is known as: a. Posterior crossbite b. Base-narrow mandibular canines c. Wry mouth d. Rostral crossbite

c. Wry mouth

55. What members of the veterinary staff make up the oral health care team? a. The veterinarian b. The veterinary technician c. The receptionists d. All of the above

d. All of the above

11. The pulp canal of a tooth contains: a. Nerves b. Blood vessels c. Connective tissue and blood vessels d. Blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

d. Blood vessels, nerves, and connective tissues

46. Abbreviations are commonly used in veterinary practice, and some abbreviations are exclusive to dental terminology. Which abbreviation best aligns with a complicated crown and root fracture? a. CCF b. UCF c. UCRF d. CCRF

d. CCRF

19. The periodontium includes the periodontal ligament and all of the following except: a. Gingiva b. Cementum c. Alveolar bone d. Enamel

d. Enamel

38. The most common dental procedure performed on a horse is: a. Quidding b. Curettage c. Scaling d. Floating

d. Floating

13. Which of the following statements regarding enamel is true? a. Contains living tissue b. Covers the tooth crown and root c. Continues production by the ameloblasts after eruption d. Is relatively nonporous and impervious

d. Is relatively nonporous and impervious

53. All of the following are complications that may result from extraction, except: a. Hemorrhage b. Jaw fracture c. Stomatitis d. Oronasal fistula

d. Oronasal fistula

34. Dry socket is more likely to occur when one: a. Ensures there is an increased blood supply to the area b. Practices good surgical technique c. Allows a blood clot to form so that fibroblasts are formed d. Overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form

d. Overirrigates the tooth socket so that no clot can form

60. Which of the following teeth are not normally present in the adult cat? a. P1 and P1 and P2 b. P1 and P1 and P2 c. I2 and I1 d. PM3 and PM4

d. PM3 and PM4

32. A malocclusion in which one or more of the upper incisor teeth are caudal to the lower incisors is known as: a. Posterior crossbite b. Base-narrow mandibular canines c. Wry mouth d. Rostral crossbite

d. Rostral crossbite

25. When performing a dental prophylaxis, minimal safety equipment includes: a. Gloves only b. Gloves and mask only c. Safety glasses only d. Safety glasses, mask, and gloves

d. Safety glasses, mask, and gloves

33. To prep a patient for surgical tooth extraction, which of the following should occur? a. No prep is needed. It is best to extract, and then to clean the remaining teeth (this is a more efficient process, yielding a shorter anesthesia time) b. Rinse the mouth with chlorhexidine, then extract c. Scale, polish, then extract d. Scale, polish, rinse with chlorhexidine, then extract

d. Scale, polish, rinse with chlorhexidine, then extract

5. When grading furcation involvement, which of the following descriptions is termed Grade 3? a. No furcation involvem.ent b. The furcation can be felt with the probe/ explorer, but horizontal tissue destruction is < of the horizontal width c. The furcation can be explored, but the probe cannot pass through it d. The probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/ lingual

d. The probe can be passed through the furcation from buccal to palatal/ lingual

51. Which of the following statements is true about ultrasonic scaling? a. Ultrasonic scaling is the only method to clean a tooth surface fully b. Ultrasonic scaling causes thermal damage to the tooth if the tip is kept on a tooth for < 5 seconds c. The ultrasonic scaler works by spraying the tooth with water to wash the tooth clean d. The purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

d. The purpose of the water spray on an ultrasonic scaler is to cool the tip of the instrument and cool the tooth to prevent pulp damage

6. When grading tooth mobility, which of the following grades corresponds to a Grade 3? a. No mobility b. Horizontal movement < 1 mm c. Horizontal movement > 1 mm d. Vertical and horizontal movement

d. Vertical and horizontal movement