VTNE practice quiz #3

16.2mg Response Feedback: 1 grain is 64.80mg. (It is an antiquated measurement method, but still used for certain drugs, like phenobarbital).

0.25gr (grain) of Phenobarbital is how many mg? a. 15.2mg b. 32.4mg c. 16.2mg d. 14 mg

414ml

A 14oz bottle contains a. 207ml b. 414ml c. 103ml d. 56ml

0.15ml Acepromazine at 0.05mg/kg for a 65lbs/2.2lbs/kg is 1.48mg.Acepromazine comes as a 10mg/mL, so this is 0.15mL.

A 9 month Great Dane is admitted for ovariohysterectomy. The animal weighs 65 lbs., and the veterinarian wants to use the following pre-anesthetic protocol: butorphanol (10mg/ml) IM at 0.2mg/kg; acepromazine (10mg/ml) IM at 0.05mg.kg; and atropine (0.02% solution) SC at 0.02mg/kg. How much acepromazine should be administered? a. 0.7ml b. 1.5ml c. 0.3ml d. 0.15ml

0.1mg 4mg/kg x 0.05kg = 0.2mg per day. This dose is divided into BID, so 0.1mg each dose.

A bird that weighs 50 g requires a particular drug at 4mg/kg divided twice a day. What is the morning dose? a. 10mg b. 0.1mg c. 4mg d. 1mg

b. Onchyectomy

A declaw is known as an a. Orchidectomy b. Onchyectomy c. Ovariohysterectomy d. Onchyotomy

Decreased heart rate

A dog received dexmedetomidine during anesthesia. Which of these would you likely see occur to the patient's vitals? a. Decreased heart rate b. Tachypnea c. Increased heart rate d. Hyperthermia

Tapeworms (taenia)

A drugs package insert states that the drug is an anticestodal. Against which type of parasite will this drug be effective? a. Protozoa (eimeria, giardia) b. Ascarids (toxocara, toxascaris) c. Tapeworms (taenia) d. Flukes (liver fluke, lung fluke)

Sacculectomy Arthroscopy means using an endoscope into a joint.Abomasopexy means tacking the abomasum (cow stomach) to the body wall to prevent it from displacing again (in cases of LDA for example, left displaced abomasum).Colonoscopy is using an endoscope to look into the colon.Sacculectomy is remval of everted saccules, a problem seen in brachycephalic dogs. The everted scaccules take space in the larynx and can be the cause for dyspnea. So some of these dogs will get a surgery to shorten their long palate, open their nares, and remove the everted saccules. The vet will use a laryngeal burr to remove the saccules.

A laryngeal burr is used in: a. Abomasopexy b. Arthroscopy c. Colonoscopy d. Sacculectomy

Crushing the piglets

A roll bar in a farrowing crate functions to prevent a. Crushing the piglets b. Breaking the pen wall c. Upsetting the food d. Injuring the teats

Increase the drip rate of the IV fluids Response Feedback: Low blood pressure is indicative of hypotension, which can be helped by giving a bolus of IV fluids or decrease the anesthetic depth.

A small animal patient's systolic blood pressure was measured at 50mmHg. What is your best course of action? a. Turn up the concentration of gas anesthetic b. Turn up the oxygen flow rate c. Increase the drip rate of the IV fluids d. Close the pop-off valve

9.1ml Response Feedback: V1C1=V2C2V1= volume of the concentrated atropine, to be figured outC1=2.2mg/mlV2 is 40mlC2=0.05%, which is the same as 0.5mg/ml.V1= 40 x 0.5 / 2.2 = 9.09mlYou would need to add 9.09ml of concentrated atropine into 31ml of sterile water (so that the total volume is 40ml) to make a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml.

A stock solution of atropine sulfate has a concentration of 2.2mg/ml. It may be used clinically as a 0.05% solution. The volume of the more concentrated atropine needed to prepare 40ml of the dilute solution is a. 9.1ml b. 0.91ml c. 17.6ml d. 4.4ml

2pm the same day QID means 4 times a day, and this should be divided into every 6 hours (as much as possible). So if the last dose was at 8am, 6 hours later is 2pm

A veterinarian believes a horse may have ingested a toxic plant and prescribes an antidote to give QID. If the client gives the prescribed medication at 8am, the next treatment should be given at: a. 2pm the same day b. 8am the next morning c. 8pm the same day d. 4pm the same day

Proptosis Enophthalmos means smaller eye than normal, while bupththalmos is larger eye than normal (so it might also pop out). But a normally-sized eye that has popped out is called a proptosis.Glaucoma is a condition in which the intraocular pressure is increased. This often leads to an enlarged eye, and corneal opacity (plus blindness).

A young Shih Tzu presents to the clinic with what appears to be a "popped" out eye. The correct ophthalmologic term is: a. Buphthalmos b. Enophthalmos c. Glaucoma d. Proptosis

Nitrous oxide

Activated charcoal devices absorb all inhalation agents except: a. Halothane b. Isoflurane c. Nitrous oxide d. Sevoflurane

Cuff overinflated causing vagal stimulation

After placing and inflating the endotracheal tube cuff, you notice a sudden decrease in heart rate. The most likely cause is: a. Cuff is underinflated b. Low oxygen flow c. Too deep place of anesthesia d. Cuff overinflated causing vagal stimulation

Neuromuscular blocking agents Response Feedback: Neuromuscular blocking agents do not cross the placental barrier. They are ionized and have high molecular weight, decreasing placental transfer.

All of the following cross the placental barrier in significant amounts, except: a. Neuromuscular blocking agents b. Acepromazine c. Isoflurane d. Diazepam

Spleen

All of the following organs may facilitate the removal of drugs, except a. Kidney b. Spleen c. Liver d. Lung

135ml 0.22% solution is 2.2mg/ml.Dose= 0.044 mg/kg x 990lbs/2.2lbs/kg = 19.8 mg15 day supply would require 19.8mg x 15 day / 2.2mg/mL = 135mL (i would provide over 150mL to account for waste in this question, so personally would have picked 165mL, but the correct answer is 135mL).

Altrenogest for horses is available as a 0.22% solution. The daily dosage is 0.044 mg/kg. If you treated a 990lb Morgan mare for 15 days, how much would you dispense to the client? a. 9 ml b. 135 ml c. 254 ml d. 165 ml

Progestin

Altrenogest, which is used for estrus synchronization in female animals, is a synthetic: a. Progestin b. Androgen c. Estrogen d. Follicle stimulating hormone

Quaternary ammonium Response Feedback: The other 3 products are good antiseptics for the skin, but overall weak disinfectants when used on an inanimate object, such as a cage. Quaternary ammonium is a much better disinfectant overall (but cannot be used on the skin).

An effective disinfectant to clean a cage after an animal that has had a pseudomonas contaminated wound is: a. Chlorhexidine b. Povidone-iodine c. Isopropyl alcohol d. Quaternary ammonium

Xylazine

An example of an alpha-2-agonist is: a. Hydralazine b. Epinephrine c. Propranolol d. Xylazine

Anaplasmosis

An insect vector is responsible for which of the following diseases? a. Trichomoniasis b. Anaplasmosis c. Tetanus d. Listeriosis

Decreased appetite, anorexia, diarrhea and vomiting Wobbly gait, fainting and disorientation are not early signs of toxicity, they are pretty severe signs at this point. Hopefully the owners can notice the milder signs first.

Because digoxin has a narrow therapeutic index, veterinary technicians and owners of patients on digoxin must be able to detect early signs or toxicity, such as: a. Decreased appetite, anorexia, diarrhea and vomiting b. Increased coughing and difficulty breathing c. Wobbly gait, fainting (syncope) and disorientation d. Increased urination and water consumption

Opioid

Butorphanol is considered to be which category of drug? a. Alpha-2 agonist b. Barbiturate c. Dissociative d. Opioid

Phenobarbital

Chloramphenicol is metabolized by specific enzymes in the liver. Consequently it interferes with or influences how rapidly other drugs metabolized by the same liver enzymes are eliminated from the body. This is important to remember to prevent accidental overdose of simultaneously administered drugs. Metabolism of what drug is affected by simultaneous use of chloramphenicol? a. Phenobarbital b. Sulfamethoxine c. Enrofloxacin d. Aspirin

Cushing's disease

Chronic administration of high doses of glucocorticoids can cause iatrogenic: a. Cushing's disease b. Renal failure c. Addison's disease d. Johne's disease

10% the horse's dosage

Compared to a horse, the dosage of xylazine to be given to a cow is: a. Xylazine is not used in bovine anesthesia b. The same as the horse's dosage c. 10x (10 times) the horse's dosage d. 10% the horse's dosage

Increase cardiac output

Dobutamine is used in emergency anesthetic and clinical situations to a. Increase cardiac output b. Increase the respiratory rate c. Correct cardiac arrhythmias d. Decrease the heart rate

Unsterile

During surgery, the back outside aspect of the surgeon's gown should be considered a. Sterile b. Sterile as long as no one has touched it c. Neither sterile nor unsterile as it is not likely to touch the patient. d. Unsterile

Equipment used to manage bleeders or cut tissues during surgery, using an electric current

Electrocautery is a. Equipment used to suction liquids during surgery b. Equipment that cut and seals tissues during surgery, using a laser c. Equipment that is used to defibrillate a patient (same as a defibrillator) d. Equipment used to manage bleeders or cut tissues during surgery, using an electric current

Is a routine practice when the part or organ contains contaminants

Exteriorizing a body part or organ during surgery a. Precludes the need for lavaging b. Is very hazardous to the patient and not routinely done c. Is done only if that part or organ is to be resected d. Is a routine practice when the part or organ contains contaminants

2.3 Response Feedback: 22.2% is 222mg/ml 45 lbs= 20.45kg Dose: 25mg/kg x 20.45kg = 511.25 mg Volume: 511.25mg / 222mg/ml = 2.3ml

Fenbendazole liquid is available as a 22.2% concentration. A 45lb German shepherd needs 25mg/kg. How many mls does it require? a. 2.6 b. 2.0 c. 1.8 d. 2.3

1-7 days

How long instruments must be aerated after ethylene oxide gas sterilization before they can be used? a. 1 hr. b. 1 to 7 days c. 12hrs d. 7 to 14 days

10g 10% solution is the same as 100mg/ml (or in this case, when transformed, 0.1g/ml)100ml x 0.1g/ml = 10 grams.

How much drug does 100ml of a 10% solution contain? a. 1g b. More information is needed c. 10 g d. 0.1g

50ml 50% dextrose solution is the same as 500 mg/ml.2.5% solution is the same as 25mg/ml.In this particular problem, one did not need to transform these values, and could have kept them in % (since the % will cancel each other).Use the V1C1=V2C2 formula to solve this.V1=?C1=500 mg/ml (or 50%)V2= 1Liter or 1000mlC2=25mg/ml (or use 2.5% if used the % for C1)V1=V2C2/C1 = 1000ml x 25mg/ml / 500 mg/ml = 50 ml.

How much of the 50% dextrose solution do you need to add to 1 liter bag to create a 2.5% solution? a. 25 ml b. 50 ml c. 200 ml d. 100 ml

2 Response Feedback: 5 mEq/5 ml is the same as 1 mEq/1 ml. So 2 ml are 2 mEq.

If potassium is labeled as 5 mEq/5 ml , how many milli equivalents are delivered in 2 ml? 20 0.2 5.5 2

The surgery suite

If you found a 2L ventilation bag in the reception area, you would return it to a. The radiology room b. The kennel c. The surgery suite d. The lab

Solubility coefficient Response Feedback: Gas solubility and potency determine the time of onset and recovery.

Inhalant anesthetics with low_____have short induction and recovery periods. a. Toxicity b. Solubility coefficient c. Biotransformation d. Vapor pressure

pigs

Malignant hyperthermia is a potentially fatal syndrome to the anesthetized patient. Which of these species is most prone to this condition? a. Goats b. Dogs c. Pigs d. Cattle

Renal and gastrointestinal

NSAIDs are most likely to cause side effects in what two organ systems? a. Pulmonary and cardiac b. Cardiac and hepatic c. Renal and pulmonary d. Renal and gastrointestinal

Male cats with urethral obstruction

Perineal urethrostomies are performed on a. Male cats with urethral obstruction b. Pregnant cats c. Small dogs with pyometra d. Large breed dogs with gastric torsion

Ultra-short acting anesthetic

Propofol is a/an a. Xylazine antagonist b. Benzodiazepine c. Ketamine-like dissociative d. Ultra-short acting anesthetic

Tetanus

Puncture wounds in horses and other species pose a risk for the development of a. Colibacillosis b. Strangles c. Tetanus d. Rabies

Gram Gram is the basis, and then every 10x factor (bigger or smaller) has a name. Like decigram, centigram, kilogram, etc....

The basic unit of mass in the metric system is a. Kilogram b. Gram c. Microgram d. Milligram

Progression from light to moderate anesthesia

The causes of true hyperventilation and tachypnea during anesthesia may include all of the following except a. Response to a mild surgical stimulus b. Progression from light to moderate anesthesia c. Presence of pulmonary edema d. Response to metabolic acidosis

4

The dosage of acepromazine is 0.1mg/kg, and the maximum dose is 4mg. How many mgs would you administer to a 60kg dog?. 6 4 8 2

Surgical wound

The main goal of aseptic surgical technique is to prevent contamination of the: a. Surgical instruments b. Surgical drapes c. Surgical wound d. Operative personnel

The plasma concentration at which therapeutic effects should be seen

The therapeutic range of a drug refers to which of the following: a. The frequency of idiosyncratic reactions b. The plasma concentration at which therapeutic effects should be seen c. The relationship of a drugs ability to achieve the desired effect versus causing toxic effects d. The range of curative properties the drug may exhibit

5cm x 8cm 5 cm x 8cm will give a superficy of 40 cm2, so that should be good to provide for the 40 antigens. {Personally, I would think that you need an outside edge for all of these tests, so I would have done 6cm x 9cm}.

The veterinary dermatologist is having you prepare a dog for a patch test. Forty antigens need to be tested, and each antigen must be 1cm from the next. What size patch should you shave on the dog? a. 5cm x 8cm b. 20cm x 20cm c. 10cm x 16cm d. 4cm x 4cm

41.7mL milk, 208.3ml water Response Feedback: In a 1:6 dilution, you want 1 part of the product into 5 parts of water (not 6. If you use 6, then the total would add up to 7, and you would have created a 1:7 dilution instead).So always substract the first part from the second to know how much to useFor example, a 3:29 is 3 parts into 26 parts of water (total is 29)7:39 is 7 parts into 32 parts of water (total is 39).Most of the time, dilutions are expressed as a 1:10, 1:20, 1:100, etc... When the dilution is very small, the end result of not substracting one is minimal.For example, 1:100 is really 1 part of meds into 99 ml of water. But it wouldn't make a big difference is you kept it at 100ml water. Mathematically though, 99 is the correct answer.

To prepare 250 mL of instrument milk using the suggested 1:6 dilution ratio, you would use a. 41.7mL milk, 208.3ml water b. 30ml milk, 210ml water c. 1ml milk, 6ml water d. 1oz milk, 6oz wate

Xylazine Response Feedback: Xylazine is an alpha-2 agonist, and depresses the cardio-vascular system. In an aged patient, unknonwn cardiovascular compromise is quite possible, and using these drugs is not recommended. The other choices are much milder on the cardiovascular system (ketamine and diazepam). Atropine is an anticholinergic, and used to prevent bradycardia.

What anesthetic agent should be avoided in geriatric patients? a. Atropine b. Xylazine c. Diazepam d. Ketamine

It absorbs the expired isoflurane / sevoflurane from the system

What does the F/air canister do on the anesthesia machine? a. It absorbs the expired carbon dioxide (CO2) of the patient b. It lets the technician ventilate the patient, when he/she is squeezing it. c. It regulates the flow of oxygen d. It absorbs the expired isoflurane / sevoflurane from the system

Acetaminophen Response Feedback: Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is not a NSAIDs. So in humans it could technically be used in conjunction with A NSAID. In veterinary medicine, dogs and cats should not receive acetaminophen as it is hepatotoxic to them.

What drug does not cause the adverse GI signs typically seen with NSAIDs a. Aspirin b. Flunixin meglumine c. Phenylbutazone d. Acetaminophen

Prostaglandin

What drug is used to return a mare to proestrus from diestrus through lysis of the corpus luteum? a. Prostaglandin b. Gonadotropin c. Progesterone d. Estrogen

Itraconazole Dermatophyte (ringworm) is a fungus. So an antifungal would be the best against it. All the other choices are antibiotics (against bacteria, not against fungi).

What drug would be most effective against dermatophytes? a. Enrofloxacin b. Sulfadimethoxine c. Itraconazole d. Tylosin

Increased half-life of drugs

What effect does renal failure or liver compromise have on the pharmacokinetics of many drugs? a. Increased elimination rate of drugs from the body b. Decreased volume of distribution of drugs c. Increased half-life of drugs d. Decreased absorption of drugs given orally

Progestin (Altrenogest) Altrenogest is indicated to suppress estrus in animals to facilitate induction of normal estrous cylce activity. We can use it to time the estrous, and to help with timing of artificial insemination.

What hormone is given to mares or cows for several days to mimic diestrus and then withdrawn to mimic natural lysis of the corpus luteum and a return to proestrus? a. Estradiol cypionate (ECP) b. Prostaglandin F2 alpha (dinoprost tromethamine) c. Progestin (Altrenogest) d. Human chorioic gonadotropin (HCG)

Flea medication

What insecticide is not effective in treating demodectic mange? a. Moxydectin b. Selamectin c. Pyrethrin d. Flea medication

Army-navy

What instrument is not a self-retaining tissue retractor? a. Balfour b. Army-navy c. Gelpi d. Finochietto

Administer slowly because the calcium is cardiotoxic and can cause cardiac arrest

What is important to remember when giing intravenous calclium to treat hypocalcemia? a. Administer slowly because the calcium is cardiotoxic and can cause cardiac arrest b. Administer rapidly because the calcium is cardiotoxic and can cause cardiac arrest c. Calcium should not be given intravenously because it is irritating to the vascular tissues d. Calcium should be diluted in 5L of sterile water before administration

15 min

What is the appropriate time to soak an instrument in the cold sterilization solution before adequate disinfection is achieved? a. 15 min b. 30 min c. 45 min d. 10 min

By rumping it (i.e. sitting it down)

What is the best way to restrain a large sheep a. By rumping it (i.e. sitting it down) b. Hold its neck c. Place it in lateral recumbency d. Using a leash

Antibiotic Lyme disease is caused by a bacteria, Borrelia Burdorgferi. So an antibiotic is the best treatment against it.

What is the drug group of choice for treating Lyme disease? a. Antiviral b. Antiprotozoal c. Antifungal d. Antibiotic

1350ml Response Feedback: 33lbs= 15kg15kg x 9/100 = 1.35Liter, or 1350 ml

What is the fluid deficit for a 33lb dog with 9% dehydration? a. 1350ml b. 330ml c. 297ml d. 135ml

All of the above

What patient parameters can be checked to determine depth of anesthesia? a. All of the above b. Jaw muscle tone c. Palpebral reflex d. Eye position

33ml Response Feedback: 275ml x 12% = 33ml

What volume of sulfuric acid is in 275ml of a 12% v/v solution? a. 4.36ml b. 33ml c. 22.9ml d. 3.3ml

Steps must be taken to immediately remedy the situation to the best of all abilities

When a break in aseptic technique occurs a. The break can be ignored and surgery can continue if it was almost finished b. Steps must be taken to immediately remedy the situation to the best of all abilities c. The surgery must be called off immediately d. The patient is unlikely to recover from surgery due to infection

Make sure that he is not in heat

When a male dog is presented to the hospital for castration, the veterinary technician should do all of the following, except. a. Make sure that there is a telephone contact in the record for the owner b. Make sure that he is not in heat c. Make sure that the dog is a male d. Make sure that there are two testicles in the scrotum

Place the inside of the shoulder seams on top and fold all outer areas of the gown to the inside

When folding surgical gowns for sterilization a. Have the outside of the gown facing out b. Tie the arms together so they do not dangle when the surgeon is gowning c. Have the ends of the sleeves on top for easy grasping d. Place the inside of the shoulder seams on top and fold all outer areas of the gown to the inside

The outside of the glove is touched by the scrubbed fingers

When gloving for surgery, which of the following is not permitted? a. The scrubbed fingers touch the inside of the glove cuff b. The outside of the glove is touched by the scrubbed fingers c. The outside of the gown cuff is touched by inside of the glove cuff d. One gloved thumb touches the other gloved thumb

5ml Response Feedback: If you need more than 5ml to inflate the cuff, then the tube is too small and you should use a larger dimater ET tube.

When inflating the cuff on an endotracheal tube, you should change to a larger diameter tube if cuff inflation requires injection of more than what volume of air? a. 7ml b. 2ml c. 10ml d. 5ml

Is not indicated for short, uncomplicated procedures

When preparing a cat for routine spay, administration of antibiotics prior to surgery a. Is not indicated for short, uncomplicated procedures b. Should always be given as a precaution to prevent infection c. Should be given if your employer does not wear a cap or mask d. Is never useful in conjunction with surgery

Should always be with the hands higher than the elbows

When scrubbing for a surgical procedure, the position of the arms: a. Varies with the height of the scrubbing person b. Should always be with the elbows higher than the hands c. Should always be with the hands higher than the elbows d. Varies with the height of the scrub sink

Cutting

When suturing skin, the needle of choice is a. Cutting b. Taper c. Rounded end d. Blunt

Standing sedation and paravertebral block

Which anesthesia / block should the veterinarian use to perform a c-section on a cow? a. General anesthesia and epidural alagesia b. General anesthesia and ventral midline approach c. Standing sedation and paravertebral block d. Standing sedation and cornual block

Etomidate Etomidate is an excellent (but expensive) induction agent to use for critical patients, because it has minimal effects on the cardiovascular system.Dexmedetomidine and other alpha-2 agonsists have a strong cardiovascular depressant effects, so probably the worst to use in such a case.Ketamine can increase the seizure threshold of animals, so also to avoid for a head trauma patient.Finally, acepromazine is not an anesthetic, but sedative, and would not adequately induce this patient.

Which anesthetic drug is the safest to use in a critical case such as an animal with head trauma? a. Dexmedetomidine b. Etomidate c. Acepromazine d. Ketamine

Local analgesia using inverted "L" block Response Feedback: Mild sedation might also be used when performing a sedation, but is surprisingly not always necessary. If she gets overly sedated, she might lay down, and that would be very problematic. So a good inverted L block or paravertebral block is surprisingly often enough to perform the procedure.

Which anesthetic/ analgesic block should you use when performing a cesarean section of a cow? a. Local anesthesia using cornual block b. General anesthesia c. Mild sedation using xylazine and no local analgesia is sufficient d. Local analgesia using inverted "L" block

Alpha-2 agonists

Which category of anesthetics does dexemedetomidine (Dexdomitor) fall into? a. Benzodiazepines b. Barbiturates c. Dissociatives d. Alpha-2 agonists

Hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine

Which combination of drugs would cause neuroleptanalgesia? a. Ketamine and diazepam b. Acepromazone and ketamine c. Hydromorphone and dexmedetomidine d. Atropine and ketamine

Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of USDA

Which federal government agency is responsible for monitoring and enforcing regulations on the interstate shipment of livestock? a. Department of the Interior b. Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service of USDA c. Food and Drug Administration d. Drug Enforcement Administration

Moderate pain is acceptable at is prevents the animal from being active and possibly cause further tissue damage

Which following statement is FALSE, regarding post-surgical pain: a. If a procedure is known to be painful to humans, it should be regarded as such in animals b. An animal experiencing post-surgical pain is more likely to have a poor anesthetic recovery c. Inhalant anesthetics do not provide significant post-operative pain control d. Moderate pain is acceptable at is prevents the animal from being active and possibly cause further tissue damage

Sevoflurane Response Feedback: Sevoflurane has a quicker onset of action and quicker recovery than isoflurane, so is slightly preferable to use. It is, however, much more expensive for a clinic to use, and requires specific vaporizers, so is quite expensive for a clinic to switch over, for only a slight improvement in safety. For this reason, most clinics will still use isoflurane. Some specialized or new clinics might make the investment into a sevoflurane system.

Which inhalant anesthesia is associated with the shortest induction and recovery time? a. Halothane b. Nitrous oxide c. Isoflurane d. Sevoflurane

Diazepam Response Feedback: Diazepam is lipophilic, and should not be mixed in the same syringe with other drugs. There are a few exceptions to the rule, for example ketamine can be mixed with it with no ill effect.

Which of the following drug cannot generally be mixed with other drugs in the same syringe, because it might precipitate? a. Atropine b. Diazepam c. Ketamine d. Midazolam

Apomorphine Antiemetic properties means that it helps decrease the nausea and vomiting of an animal.Apomorphine is use to cause vomiting in dogs (so it's the opposite effect).

Which of the following drugs does not have an antiemetic action? a. Phenothiazines (Chlorpromazine) b. Apomorphine c. Antihistamines (Meclizine) d. Metoclopramide (Reglan)

Feeding dusty hay

Which of the following housing conditions is likely to aggravate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in horses? a. Fresh wood shavings for bedding b. Screen partitions between stalls c. Low temperature in the stable d. Feeding dusty hay

Vicryl (Webcryl)

Which of the following is an absorbable suture? a. Vicryl (Webcryl) b. Silk c. Prolene d. Stainless steel

Acidosis

Which of the following is not a potential toxic effect of commonly used local anesthetics? a. Arrhythmias b. Seizures c. Neurologic damage if injected into the nerve d. Acidosis

Anesthesiology

Which of the following literally means "study of no feeling"? a. Anesthesiology b. Analgia c. Analgesiology d. Hypoesthesiology

all personnel, scrubbed and non-sterile Everyone should be facing / paying attention to the sterile field, so that it stays sterile and that noone contaminates anyone else. The back of a surgeon is considered non-sterile.

Which of the following operating room personnel should face the sterile field during a procedure? a. Surgeon only b. Surgeon and non-sterile personnel, scrub tech should face the instrument field c. all personnel, scrubbed and non-sterile d. Scrub tech and surgeon

It is recommended for epidermal use Catgut is made of sheep intestines. It is an old suture material, that is still used sometimes for internal ligations. It is considered fastly absorbable, so not the best for epidermal closure. Non-absorbable sutures are used for epidermal suture, so that the vet can decide when it needs to be removed. [However, vets are doing intradermal sutures nowadays, they rarely do skin sutures that need to be removed].

Which of these statements concerning surgical catgut is false? a. It is recommended for epidermal use b. It can be used for ligation of superficial blood vessels c. It is fast absorbing d. It is recommended for internal use

Palpebral

Which reflex may still be present under a light plane of surgical anesthesia? a. Pinnal b. Pharyngeal c. Palpebral d. Patellar

Absorbable monofilament suture material

Which suture material should be used to close an intestinal anastomosis? a. Non-absorbable monofilament suture material b. Absorbable monofilament suture material c. Absorbable braided suture material d. Non-absorbable braided suture material

Anyone

Who can purchase over the counter drugs? a. Anyone b. Veterinarians and pharmacists only c. Veterinarians only d. Veterinarians and veterinary technicians only

To prevent fecal contamination during surgery

Why is an anal purse string suture placed before perineal surgery? a. To tighten loose folds of perianal skin b. To prevent fecal contamination during surgery c. To keep the tail out of the surgical field d. To close the urethra

Mass ligation of tissues is likely to fail

Why is it better to ligate many small vessels rather than one mass ligation of tissues? a. Mass ligation of tissues is likely to fail b. Mass ligation of tissues is unsightly c. Tissue included in a mass ligation may be too difficult for the body to resorb d. Mass ligation of tissues may results in an infection

Regurgitation

Withholding food and water from ruminants before general anesthesia helps decrease or prevent: a. Ventilation compromise b. Bloat c. Regurgitation d. Compartment syndrome

Oreo most likely will have an elevated respiratory rate from the opioids Morphine is an opioid. It can cause vomiting. It can cause hypersensitivity to sounds. It can cause cardiorespiratory depression (so lowered HR and RR, not increased as it says on c) ).

You are asked to work in a surgical recovery area. Oreo, a cat, is recovering from an exploratory laparotomy. Oreo was given morphine in addition to other drugs. You anticipate all of the following, except: a. Oreo may vomit and defecate from being given opioids b. Oreo would be most comfortable recovering in a dark, quiet room c. Oreo will be hypersensitive to sound d. Oreo most likely will have an elevated respiratory rate from the opioids

0.5 5mg per 10kg weight is 5mg/10kg= 0.5mg/kg.

You give 5mg of drug to a 10kg animal. What is the dose in mg/kg? a. 50 b. 10 c. 0.5 d. 2

Xylazine

_____is an analgesic and a sedative a. Diazepam b. Atropine c. Acepromazine d. Xylazine

nitrous oxide Response Feedback: Nitrous oxyde accumulates in areas of the body where gas is trapped and can diffuse very rapidly, causing worsening distension.

_____should not be used as a part of the anesthetic plan if the patient has an intestinal obstruction. a. Atropine b. Isoflurane c. Nitrous oxide d. Acepromazine