Weather and Aviation

¡Supera tus tareas y exámenes ahora con Quizwiz!

What is the temperature on the Upper Map over North Dakota (BIS, ND)?

-19�C (correct)

The wind chill index is a combination of

. Cold temperatures and strong winds

Choose the correct statement.

0°C is the freezing point of water while 212°F is the boiling point of water

Generally speaking, air pressure lowers as you go to a higher altitude or elevation.

TRUE

Surface winds generally tend to blow away from the center of an area of high pressure.

TRUE

Surface winds generally tend to blow into the center of an area of low pressure.

TRUE

The temperature of the troposphere almost always decreases with height.

TRUE

True or false, large airports can be considered urban heat islands.

TRUE

Some of the elements on a synoptic scale land-based map include:

Temperature and dew point

What occurs on the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere?

The Sun shines directly overhead the Tropic of Cancer

What occurs on the vernal equinox in the Northern Hemisphere?

The Sun shines directly overhead the equator

Mean sea-level pressure is defined as:

The air pressure adjusted to sea level and expressed in millibars so meteorologists can use it to analyze surface pressure fields

What is an example of climate?

The high temperature today was 89°F, which is normal for this time of the year

The instrument that is shown is called ( ) and performs which functions: ( black device, white letters, etc)

Altimeter that measures air pressure and altitude

An instrument used to measure the speed of the wind is called:

Anemometer

What is the relationship between air pressure and wind?

As long as the pressure change is weak, the wind can remain straight

The instrument used to measure changes in atmospheric air pressure is the

Barometer

Generally speaking, what happens to air pressure and temperature as you go from a lower elevation to a higher elevation in the troposphere?

Both the temperature and pressure decrease

Which of these two are referred to as greenhouse gases?

Carbon dioxide and water vapor

The graph below shows:

Carbon dioxide concentration at Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii (correct)

What is the wind flow around high- and low-pressure systems in the Northern Hemisphere?

Clockwise and divergent from highs and counterclockwise and convergent into lows

The front below is a: ( blue triangle spikes on a curved line)

Cold front

What are the three agents of energy transfer?

Conduction, convection, and radiation

Which best describes the urban heat island?

Densely populated areas warm up faster due to high concentration of buildings and roads

The two main causes of large-scale atmospheric circulation?

Differential heating of the Earth and the Coriolis effect

A boundary that is marked by a contrast of moist and dry air will be labeled with a:

Dry line

Closely spaced isobars indicate a weak pressure gradient and very little wind since the air cannot move fast between these lines.

FALSE

Generally speaking, air that is warm and moist is heavier than air that is cool and dry.

FALSE

The atmosphere is composed primarily of oxygen.

FALSE

The greenhouse effect is the same thing as global warming.

FALSE

The pressure of the atmosphere will sometimes increase with height since it is colder.

FALSE

Wind direction is always defined as the direction the wind is blowing to.

FALSE

What is the definition of temperature?

The average kinetic energy of the molecules of a substance

The red letter L on all surface weather maps refers to:

The center of lowest pressure

Although the intensity of solar radiation is greatest at local noon, the warmest part of the day is most often mid-afternoon. Which statement below best explains this.

The combination of the incoming solar radiation and outgoing Earth radiation is greatest during mid-afternoon. This is called the lag effect

Latent heat is best described as:

The energy released or absorbed, by a body or a thermodynamic system, during a constant temperature process

Daily and monthly means are used mainly for

Mostly for climatological purposes

Which layer of the atmosphere does most of the weather occur in?

Troposphere

What are the five main layers of the atmosphere?

Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere

How often are weather balloons launched daily in the United States?

Twice daily

Explain the difference between permanent and variable gases.

Variable gases will change seasonally, but permanent gases generally remain the same

What is the relationship between air pressure and wind?

When pressure remains the same, the wind can blow fast

Wind direction is defined as

Where the wind is coming from on a compass heading

An instrument used to measure the direction of wind is called:

Wind vane

How is a wind vane different from an anemometer?

Wind vane measures direction, anemometer measures speed

The front below is a: ( red half circles and blue triangles)

stationary front

The front below is a: ( red half circles on a curved red line)

warm front

Temperatures near the top of the troposphere can typically reach:

−60°C

The pressure trend symbol refers to a pressure change in what time period?

Three hours

The heat index is a combination

High heat and high humidity

The average sea-level pressure when measured in millibars is

1,013 mb

Wind symbols, which are a single line, have how much wind:

10 kts

For unpressurized aircraft, supplemental breathing oxygen is recommended for cabin pressure altitudes above:

10,000 feet mean sea level (MSL) during the day and 5,000 feet MSL at night

Dangerous heat index values typically occur above

105F

According to Coordinate Universal Time, if it is 18z, what time is it during Daylight Saving Time in Los Angeles?

11:00 a.m.

The weight of the air at the surface in pounds per square inch:

14.7

How much incoming solar radiation from the Sun is absorbed by the atmosphere?

19%

What is the temperature on the Upper Air Map over Northeast Wisconsin (GRB, WI)?

20C

The wind chill will become dangerous and produce frostbite at what point

20F (correct)

What is the boiling point of water?

212F

The United States has sustained ( ) weather and climate disasters since 1980 where overall damages/costs reached or exceeded $1 billion.

241

A wind blowing from the west will have a direction of:

270°

What is the freezing point of water?

32F

Wind symbols, which are a solid triangle, have how much wind:

50 kts

Some synoptic scale weather maps can range in size from:

600 -1500 miles

What is the typical temperature for an airplane at 34,000 feet?

60F

According to Coordinate Universal Time, if it is 00z in London, what time is it during standard time in Chicago?

6:00 p.m.

Urban areas can be how much warmer than surrounding rural areas.

7-10F

What is the chemical composition of the atmosphere?

78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 1% Argon, trace gases

According to Coordinate Universal Time, if it is 12z in London, what time is it during standard time in New York?

7:00 a.m. (correct)

What is the pressure gradient force?

A force that results when there is a difference in pressure across a surface

What best describes the daily mean temperature?

Add the maximum and minimum for a 24-hour period and divide by 2

For pressurized aircraft, when flying above a flight level of 35,000 feet (FL 350), one pilot must wear an oxygen mask:

At all times

What is ASOS?

Automatic Surface Observing Systems

What best describes the annual mean?

Average of the 12 monthly means

For pressurized aircraft, a 10-minute supplemental oxygen supply is required:

For all aircraft occupants above a flight level of 25,000 feet (FL 250) in case of loss of cabin pressurization

Using this compass, which direction is the wind? (Between W and S)

From the Northeast, or 060 degrees

What is a radiosonde?

Instrument packages tethered to balloons that gather weather data

One of the key elements used to observe atmosphere pressure is the:

Isobar

The small window that displays air pressure is called:

Kollsman window

Large airports can become somewhat of an urban heat island due to

Large concentration of buildings, and concrete and asphalt runways

The three rates of snow and rainfall as defined by the surface map symbols are

Light, moderate, and heavy

An isobar on a surface weather map represents:

Line of constant air pressure

What are isotherms?

Line that connects points on a map that have the same temperature

The layer in which meteorites typically "burn-up" is

Mesosphere

The Earth's greenhouse effect is best described as:

Outgoing longwave radiation from the Earth's surface is trapped by carbon dioxide and water vapor warming the atmosphere

Requirements and recommendations for aircrew and passengers affected by possible lack of oxygen in the cockpit and cabin are outlined by the FAA Federal Aviation Regulation:

Part 135

What are the three main factors, which govern the wind?

Pressure gradient, Coriolis Effect, and friction

The most important component of a weather observation for pilots and air traffic controllers is

Sky cover

The International Standard Atmosphere is a ( ) atmospheric model of how the pressure, temperature, density, and viscosity of the Earth's atmosphere change over a wide range of altitudes or elevations.

Static

Winds are often referred to according to their?

Strength and direction

Squall lines can signify where:

Strong line of thunderstorms

Which statement best describes the Keeling Curve?

The level of carbon dioxide falls during the growing season to a minimum in October and recovers over winter to a maximum in May

What is the definition of climate?

The long-term state of the atmosphere at a particular place

What is the definition of weather?

The particular state of the atmosphere at a particular time and place (correct)

Altimeter setting is defined as the:

The pressure adjusted to mean sea level using the temperature profile of the standard atmosphere

Station Pressure is defined as:

The pressure that is observed at a specific airport and is the true barometric pressure of a location

What is an example of weather?

The sky is sunny, the temperature is 32 degrees, and the wind is calm (correct)

Why is the tilt of the Earth important in understanding the reason for seasonal changes in weather?

The tilt of the Earth allows a greater incidence of incoming shortwave radiation from the Sun

What is the definition of heat?

The transfer of energy between two substances of different temperatures


Conjuntos de estudio relacionados

Unit 5: Enlightenment and Revolutions

View Set

Vocabulary and Analytical Reasoning V

View Set

Computer Science 105 Chapter 3 Study Guide

View Set

Pharm Exam 3 Study Guide (Benzodiazepines)

View Set

Honors world history study guide

View Set

Pharm Ch 7, prep u + roach vocab

View Set

Paper 1 - Japanese Expansion Events

View Set