week 1 quiz

The following is a list of several levels of organization that make up the human body.1. tissue2. cell3. organ4. molecule5. organism6. organ systemThe correct order from the smallest to the largest is a. 4, 2, 1, 3, 6, 5. b. 4, 2, 1, 6, 3, 5. c. 6, 4, 5, 2, 3, 1. d. 4, 2, 3, 1, 6, 5. e. 2, 4, 1, 3, 6, 5.

a.

Ions with a negative charge are called a. anions. b. cations. c. neurons. d. tissues. e. electrons.

a. anions

A protein that no longer functions because its shape has changed (for example, as a result of heating) has been __________. a. denatured b. modulated c, saturated d. inhibited

a. denatured

A blood pH of less than 7.00 and greater than 7.70 is incompatible with life. a. True b. False

a. true

Which is an example of a cation? a. HCO3- b. HPO42- c. Ca2+ d. SO42- e. Cl-

c. Ca2+

If a polypeptide contains 10 peptide bonds, how many amino acids does it contain? a. 0 b. 11 c. 10 d. 5 e. 12

B

You go outside on a very cold day and you start to shiver because you do not have on the proper clothing. The act of shivering would represent what step in a response loop? a. integrating center b. setpoint c. response d. variable e. sensor

C. Response

Two methods of protein activation include ________ and ________. a. homeostatic, osmotic b. proteolytic, cofactor binding c. exergonic, endogonic d. mechanistic, covalent bonding e. enzymatic, glycolytic

b.

An energy-transferring compound in cells is a nucleotide known as a. protein. b. adenosine triphosphate. c. glucose. d. deoxyribonucleic acid. e. fructose.

b. adenosine triphosphate

The symbol Ca2+ means calcium has a. gained two electrons. b. lost two electrons. c. lost two protons. d. gained two protons.

b. lost electrons

The alpha-helix and B-sheets are examples of the ________ structure of a protein. a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary e. pentanary

b. secondary

An ion has gained or lost a. proton(s). b. neutron(s). c. electron(s). d. carbon atom(s). e. double bond(s).

c. electrons

An outer membrane containing pores surrounds which organelle(s)? a. Golgi apparatus b. Nucleus c. Endoplasmic reticulum d. Mitochondria

c. endoplasmic reticulum

Which term best describes the part of a control system that receives information about a homeostatically regulated variable and initiates an appropriate response? a. Regulator b. Receptor c. Integrating center d. Sensor

c. integrating center

Each of the following is a function of proteins EXCEPT a. signaling. b. catalyst. c. storage of genetic information. d. binding to ligands. e. transport.

c. storage of genetic information

Cholesterol is a a. precursor to steroid hormones. b. component of animal cell membranes. c. dangerous fat that is absent from a healthy body d. Precursor to steroid hormones and component of animal cell membranes. e. precursor to steroid hormones, component of animal cell membranes, and dangerous fat that is absent from a healthy body.

d.

Which of the following is a definition for homeostasis? a. Energy in a living organism is neither created nor destroyed, but just transformed from one form to another. b. The environment inside a cell, regulated by proteins and ions, with the ability to produce energy c. The chemical reactions that maintain life d. The ability of living systems to maintain a relatively constant internal environment

d. The ability of living systems to maintain a relatively constant internal environment

Nucleotides perform which function(s)? a. They form structural elements in the cell membrane. b. They store glucose as fat. c. They are the building blocks of proteins like cell receptors. d. They transfer energy and are part of genetic material. e. They are the starting material for steroid hormones.

d. They transfer energy and are part of genetic material.

Ions with a positive charge are called a. anions. b. electrons. c. tissues. d. cations. e. neurons.

d. cations

Interactions between different globular or fibrous polypeptide chains result in which type of structure? a. primary b. secondary c. tertiary d. quaternary e. pentagonal

d. quaternary

During intense exercise our muscles produce lactate and hydrogen ions. Which molecules would be affected by the accumulation of hydrogen ions? a. DNA in the nucleus b. cholesterol in the plasma membrane c. glucose molecules in the adipose tissue d. the proteins actin and myosin e. phospholipids in the membrane

d. the proteins actin and myosin

Which of the following is most alkaline? a. tomato juice, pH = 4 b. stomach secretions, pH = 1 c. lemon juice, pH = 2 d. urine, pH = 6 e. white wine, pH = 3

d. urine, pH = 6

This subatomic particle has a negative charge. a. hydrogen b. neutron c. proton d. magnesium e. electron

e. electron

This subatomic particle has a neutral charge. a. proton b. hydrogen c. magnesium d. electron e. neutron

e. neutron