Week 3
A patient who is on the telemetry unit develops atrial flutter, rate 150, with associated dyspnea and chest pain. Which action that is included in the hospital dysrhythmia protocol should the nurse do first? a. Obtain a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). b. Notify the health care provider of the change in rhythm. c. Give supplemental O2 at 2 to 3 L/min via nasal cannula. d. Assess the patient's vital signs including O2 saturation.
C
A patient who was admitted with a myocardial infarction experiences a 45-second episode of ventricular tachycardia, then converts to sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 98 beats/min. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Immediately notify the health care provider. b. Document the rhythm and continue to monitor the patient. c. Prepare to give IV amiodarone per agency dysrhythmia protocol. d. Perform synchronized cardioversion per agency dysrhythmia protocol.
C
A patient's heart monitor shows sinus rhythm, rate 64. The PR interval is 0.18 seconds at 1:00 AM, 0.22 seconds at 2:30 PM, and 0.28 seconds at 4:00 PM. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Place the transcutaneous pacemaker pads on the patient. b. Give atropine sulfate 1 mg IV per agency dysrhythmia protocol. c. Call the health care provider before giving scheduled metoprolol (Lopressor). d. Document the patient's rhythm and assess the patient's response to the rhythm.
C
The nurse has received the laboratory results for a patient who developed chest pain 4 hours ago and may be having a myocardial infarction. The most important laboratory result to review will be a. myoglobin b. low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. c. troponins T and I. d. creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB).
C
The nurse is caring for a patient who is 24 hours postpacemaker insertion. Which nursing intervention is most appropriate at this time? a) Reinforcing the pressure dressing as needed b) Encouraging range-of-motion exercises of the involved arms c) Assessing the incision for any redness, swelling, or discharge d) Applying wet-to-dry dressings every 4 hours to the insertion site
C
The nurse is monitoring the ECG of a patient admitted with ACS. Which ECG characteristics would be most suggestive of myocardial ischemia? a. Sinus rhythm with a pathologic Q wave b. Sinus rhythm with an elevated ST segment c. Sinus rhythm with a depressed ST segment d. Sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions
C
The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for newly admitted patients on the cardiovascular unit. Which patient laboratory result is most important to communicate as soon as possible to the health care provider? a. Patient whose triglyceride level is high b. Patient who has very low homocysteine level c. Patient with increase in troponin T and troponin I level d. Patient with elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein level
C
The nurse needs to quickly estimate the heart rate for a patient with a regular heart rhythm. Which method will be best to use? a. Count the number of large squares in the R-R interval and divide by 300. b. Print a 1-minute electrocardiogram (ECG) strip and count the number of QRS complexes. c. Use the 3-second markers to count the number of QRS complexes in 6 seconds and multiply by 10. d. Calculate the number of small squares between one QRS complex and the next and divide into 1500.
C
When caring for a patient with acute coronary syndrome who has returned to the coronary care unit after having angioplasty with stent placement, the nurse obtains the following assessment data. Which data indicate the need for immediate action by the nurse? a. Heart rate 102 beats/min c. Report of severe chest pain b. Pedal pulses 1+ bilaterally d. Blood pressure 103/54 mm Hg
C
When caring for a patient with pulmonary hypertension, which parameter is most appropriate for the nurse to monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the treatment? a. Central venous pressure (CVP) b. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) c. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) d. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
C
Which action is a priority for the nurse to take when the low pressure alarm sounds for a patient who has an arterial line in the left radial artery? a. Fast flush the arterial line. b. Check the left hand for pallor. c. Assess for cardiac dysrhythmias. d. Rezero the monitoring equipment.
C
Which action will the nurse implement for a patient who arrives for a calcium-scoring CT scan? a. Insert an IV catheter. b. Administer oral sedative medications. c. Teach the patient about the procedure. d. Confirm that the patient has been fasting.
C
Which electrocardiographic (ECG) change is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider when caring for a patient with chest pain? a. Inverted P wave c. ST-segment elevation b. Sinus tachycardia d. First-degree atrioventricular block
C
Which information obtained by the nurse who is admitting the patient for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) will be most important to report to the health care provider before the MRI? a. The patient has an allergy to shellfish. b. The patient has a history of atherosclerosis. c. The patient has a permanent ventricular pacemaker. d. The patient took all the prescribed cardiac medications today.
C
Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient who is scheduled for a radiofrequency catheter ablation for treatment of atrial flutter? a. The procedure prevents or minimizes the risk for sudden cardiac death. b. The procedure uses cold therapy to stop the formation of the flutter waves. c. The procedure uses electrical energy to destroy areas of the conduction system. d. The procedure stimulates the growth of new conduction pathways between the atria.
C
Which intervention by a new nurse who is caring for a patient who has just had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) inserted indicates a need for more teaching about the care of patients with ICDs? a. The nurse administers amiodarone (Cordarone) to the patient. b. The nurse helps the patient fill out the application for obtaining a Medic Alert device. c. The nurse encourages the patient to do active range of motion exercises for all extremities. d. The nurse teaches the patient that sexual activity can be resumed when the incision is healed.
C
Which statement best describes the electrical activity of the heart represented by measuring the PR interval on the ECG? A. The length of time it takes to depolarize the atrium B. The length of time it takes for the atria to depolarize and repolarize C. The length of time for the electrical impulse to travel from the SA node to the Purkinje fibers D. The length of time it takes for the electrical impulse to travel from the SA node to the AV node
C
Which statement best describes the electrical activity of the heart represented by measuring the PR interval on the ECG? A. The length of time it takes to depolarize the atrium B. The length of time it takes for the atria to depolarize and repolarize C. The length of time for the electrical impulse to travel from the sinoatrial (SA) node to the Purkinje fibers D. The length of time it takes for the electrical impulse to travel from the SA node to the AV node
C
While assessing the cardiovascular status of a patient, the nurse performs auscultation. Which of the following practices should the nurse implement into the assessment during auscultation? A) Position the patient supine. B) Ask the patient to hold his or her breath. C) Palpate the radial pulse while auscultating the apical pulse. D) Use the bell of the stethoscope when auscultating S1 and S2.
C
The patient has an electrocardiographic (ECG) tracing that is 50 beats/minute, the rhythm is regular, and there is a P wave before every QRS complex. The QRS has a normal shape and duration, and the PR interval is normal. What is your response? A. Administer atropine by intravenous push (IVP). B. Administer epinephrine by IVP. C. Monitor the patient for syncope. D. Attach an external pacemaker.
C The rhythm described is sinus bradycardia. Treatment depends on the patient's response and whether adequate perfusion is occurring. If the patient tolerates the rhythm, no treatment is given.
A nurse is evaluating the central venous pressure (CVP) of a client who has sustained multiple traumas. Which of the following interpretations of a low CVP pressure should the nurse make? A. Fluid overload B. Left ventricular failure C. Intracardiac shunt D. Hypovolemia
D
A nurse prepares to defibrillate a client who is in ventricular fibrillation. Which priority intervention should the nurse perform prior to defibrillating this client? a. Make sure the defibrillator is set to the synchronous mode. b. Administer 1 mg of intravenous epinephrine. c. Test the equipment by delivering a smaller shock at 100 joules. d. Ensure that everyone is clear of contact with the client and the bed.
D
A patient develops sinus bradycardia at a rate of 32 beats/min, has a blood pressure (BP) of 80/42 mm Hg, and is complaining of feeling faint. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Recheck the heart rhythm and BP in 5 minutes. b. Have the patient perform the Valsalva maneuver. c. Give the scheduled dose of diltiazem (Cardizem). d. Apply the transcutaneous pacemaker (TCP) pads.
D
A patient who was admitted with a myocardial infarction experiences a 45-second episode of ventricular tachycardia, then converts to sinus rhythm with a heart rate of 98 beats/minute. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next? a. Immediately notify the health care provider. b. Document the rhythm and continue to monitor the patient. c. Perform synchronized cardioversion per agency dysrhythmia protocol. d. Prepare to give IV amiodarone (Cordarone) per agency dysrhythmia protocol.
D
After defibrillation, the advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) nurse says that the patient has pulseless electrical activity (PEA). What is most important for the nurse to understand about this rhythm? a. The heart rate is 40 to 60 bpm. b. Hypoxemia and hypervolemia are common with PEA. c. There is dissociated activity of the ventricle and atrium. d. There is electrical activity with no mechanical response.
D
After noting a pulse deficit when assessing a 74-year-old patient who has just arrived in the emergency department, the nurse will anticipate that the patient may require a. emergent cardioversion. b. a cardiac catheterization .c. hourly blood pressure (BP) checks. d. electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring.
D
After providing a patient with discharge instructions on the management of a new permanent pacemaker, the nurse knows that teaching has been effective when the patient states a. "I will avoid cooking with a microwave oven or being near one in use." b. "It will be 1 month before I can take a bath or return to my usual activities." c. "I will notify the airlines when I make a reservation that I have a pacemaker." d. "I won't lift the arm on the pacemaker side up very high until I see the doctor."
D
During a physical examination of a 74-year-old patient, the nurse palpates the point of maximal impulse(PMI) in the sixth intercostal space lateral to the left midclavicular line. The most appropriate action for the nurse to take next will be to a. ask the patient about risk factors for atherosclerosis. b. document that the PMI is in the normal anatomic location. c. auscultate both the carotid arteries for the presence of a bruit. d. assess the patient for symptoms of left ventricular hypertrophy.
D
The blood pressure of a 71-year-old patient admitted with pneumonia is 160/70 mm Hg. Which of the following is an age-related change that contributes to this finding? A) Stenosis of the heart valves B) Decreased adrenergic sensitivity C) Increased parasympathetic activity D) Loss of elasticity in arterial vessels
D
The nurse has received change-of-shift report about the following patients on the progressive care unit. Which patient should the nurse see first? a. A patient with atrial fibrillation, rate 88 and irregular, who has a dose of warfarin (Coumadin) due b. A patient with second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, type 1, rate 60, who is dizzy when ambulating c. A patient who is in a sinus rhythm, rate 98 and regular, recovering from an elective cardioversion 2 hours ago d. A patient whose implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) fired twice today and has a dose of amiodarone (Cordarone) due
D
The nurse knows that discharge teaching about the management of a new permanent pacemaker has been most effective when the patient states a. "It will be several weeks before I can return to my usual activities." b. "I will avoid cooking with a microwave oven or being near one in use." c. "I will notify the airlines when I make a reservation that I have a pacemaker." d. "I won't lift the arm on the pacemaker side until I see the health care provider."
D
The nurse obtains a rhythm strip on a patient who has had a myocardial infarction and makes the following analysis: no visible P waves, PR interval not measurable, ventricular rate of 162, R-R interval regular, and QRS complex wide and distorted, and QRS duration of 0.18 second. The nurse interprets the patient's cardiac rhythm as a. atrial flutter. c. ventricular fibrillation. b. sinus tachycardia. d. ventricular tachycardia.
D
The nurse prepares a patient for synchronized cardioversion knowing that cardioversion differs from defibrillation in that a. defibrillation requires a lower dose of electrical energy b. cardioversion is indicated to treat atrial bradydysrhythmias c. defibrillation is synchronized to deliver a shock during the QRS complex d. patients should be sedated if cardioversion is done on a non-emergency basis
D
The nurse teaches the patient being evaluated for rhythm disturbances with a Holter monitor to a. connect the recorder to a computer once daily. b. exercise more than usual while the monitor is in place. c. remove the electrodes when taking a shower or tub bath. d. keep a diary of daily activities while the monitor is worn.
D
The patient has chronic atrial fibrillation (AF). What action do you anticipate? A. Monitoring the PR interval B. Defibrillation with 360 joule C. Teaching the patient to monitor the pulse deficit D. Teaching the patient to take an anticoagulant daily
D
To determine whether there is a delay in impulse conduction through the ventricles, the nurse will measure the duration of the patient's a. P wave. c. PR interval. b. Q wave. d. QRS complex.
D
What describes the SA node's ability to discharge an electrical impulse spontaneously? a. Excitability b. Contractility c. conductivity d. automaticity
D
When analyzing the rhythm of a patient's electrocardiogram (ECG), the nurse will need to investigate further upon finding a(n) a. isoelectric ST segment. c. QT interval of 0.38 second. b. PR interval of 0.18 second. d. QRS interval of 0.14 second.
D
When assisting with the placement of a pulmonary artery (PA) catheter, the nurse notes that the catheter is correctly placed when the monitor shows a a. typical PA pressure waveform. b. tracing of the systemic arterial pressure. c. tracing of the systemic vascular resistance. d. typical PA wedge pressure (PAWP) tracing.
D
When caring for the patient with a pulmonary artery (PA) pressure catheter, the nurse observes that the PA waveform indicates that the catheter is in the wedged position. Which action should the nurse take next? a. Zero balance the transducer. b. Activate the fast flush system. c. Notify the health care provider. d. Deflate and reinflate the PA balloon.
D
When monitoring for the effectiveness of treatment for a patient with a large anterior wall myocardial infarction, the most important information for the nurse to obtain is a. central venous pressure (CVP). b. systemic vascular resistance (SVR). c. pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR). d. pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP).
D
When reviewing the 12-lead electrocardiograph (ECG) for a healthy 79-year-old patient who is having an annual physical examination, what will be of most concern to the nurse? a. The PR interval is 0.21 seconds. b. The QRS duration is 0.13 seconds. c. There is a right bundle-branch block. d. The heart rate (HR) is 42 beats/minute.
D
When the nurse is monitoring a patient who is undergoing exercise (stress) testing on a treadmill, which assessment finding requires the most rapid action by the nurse? a. Patient complaint of feeling tired b. Pulse change from 87 to 101 beats/minute c. Blood pressure (BP) increase from 134/68 to 150/80 mm Hg d. Newly inverted T waves on the electrocardiogram
D
Which action will the nurse need to do when preparing to assist with the insertion of a pulmonary artery catheter? a. Determine if the cardiac troponin level is elevated. b. Auscultate heart and breath sounds during insertion. c. Place the patient on NPO status before the procedure. d. Attach cardiac monitoring leads before the procedure.
D
Which laboratory result for a patient with multifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider? a. Blood glucose of 243 mg/dL c. Serum sodium of 134 mEq/L b. Serum chloride of 92 mEq/L d. Serum potassium of 2.9 mEq/L
D
While doing the admission assessment for a thin 76-year-old patient, the nurse observes pulsation of the abdominal aorta in the epigastric area. Which action should the nurse take? a. Teach the patient about aneurysms. b. Notify the hospital rapid response team. c. Instruct the patient to remain on bed rest. d. Document the finding in the patient chart.
D
You prepare a patient for synchronized cardioversion knowing that cardioversion differs from defibrillation in that A. defibrillation requires lower dose of electrical energy. B. cardioversion is indicated for treatment of atrial bradydysrhythmias. C. defibrillation is synchronized to deliver a shock during the QRS complex. D. patients should be sedated if cardioversion is done on a nonemergent basis.
D
The nurse performs discharge teaching for a patient with an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD). Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that further teaching is needed? "The device may set off the metal detectors in an airport." "My family needs to keep up to date on how to perform CPR." "I should not stand next to antitheft devices at the exit of stores." "I can expect redness and swelling of the incision site for a few days."
"I can expect redness and swelling of the incision site for a few days."
A patient develops third-degree heart block and reports feeling chest pressure and shortness of breath. Which instructions should the nurse provide to the patient before initiating emergency transcutaneous pacing? "The device will convert your heart rate and rhythm back to normal." "The device uses overdrive pacing to slow the heart to a normal rate." "The device is inserted through a large vein and threaded into your heart." "The device delivers a current through your skin that can be uncomfortable."
"The device delivers a current through your skin that can be uncomfortable."
A patient is admitted for placement of a permanent pacemaker. Which health problem does the nurse suspect in this patient? 1. Heart failure 2. Tachydysrhythmias 3. Acute inferior myocardial infarction 4. Complication from open-heart surgery
1
A patient with a newly inserted pacemaker receives discharge instructions. Which patient statement indicates that further teaching is required? 1. "I should avoid using microwave ovens." 2. "I should avoid standing near antitheft devices." 3. "I should avoid direct blows to the pacemaker site." 4. "I should avoid close proximity to high-output electric generators."
1
A patient with a right subclavian triple lumen catheter has a CVP reading of 18 mm Hg. The nurse would further assess the patient for symptoms of: 1. Peripheral edema and jugular vein distention 2. Decreased peripheral pulses and cool extremities 3. Hypovolemia and hypotension 4. Orbital edema and disorientation
1
The client is experiencing multifocal premature ventricular contractions. Which antidysrhythmic medication would the nurse expect the health-care provider to order for this client? 1. Lidocaine. 2. Atropine. 3. Digoxin. 4. Adenosine.
1
The health care provider is preparing to insert a PA catheter. The nurse should ensure that: 1. The patient is in the Trendelenburg position to prevent air embolism. 2. The patient has received a dose of IV lidocaine. 3. The site has been cleaned with soap and water. 4. A tourniquet has been applied to the neck.
1
The nurse responds to a cardiac monitor alarm and notes that the atrial flutter has developed. The patient is responsive, awake, and sitting up in bed. Which action should the nurse take first? 1. Assessing the patient for dyspnea 2. Initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation 3. Preparing for synchronized cardioversion 4. Placing the patient in the Trendelenburg position
1
What does the T wave in the electrocardiogram represent? 1. Time taken for ventricular repolarization. 2. Time taken for depolarization of both ventricles .3. Time between ventricular depolarization and repolarization. 4. Time for the passage of the electrical impulse through the atrium.
1
When computing a heart rate from the ECG tracing, the nurse counts 15 of the small blocks between the R waves of a patient whose rhythm is regular. From these data, the nurse calculates the patient's heart rate to be 60 beats/min. 75 beats/min. 100 beats/min. 150 beats/min.
100 beats
A patient complains of suddenly feeling dizzy. The ECG tracing is the following. A nurse understands the dizziness is most likely a result of: 1. Inner ear infection 2. Decreased cardiac output 3. Digoxin toxicity 4. Rapid metoprolol administration
2
A patient with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is clinically stable. What is the appropriate nursing intervention in this situation? 1. Perform rapid defibrillation 2. Administer amiodarone as prescribed 3. Administer vasopressors as prescribed4. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation
2
A patient with monomorphic ventricular tachycardia is clinically stable. What is the appropriate nursing intervention in this situation? 1. Perform rapid defibrillation 2. Administer amiodarone as prescribed 3. Administer vasopressors as prescribed 4. Initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation
2
The client is in complete heart block. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? 1. Prepare to insert a pacemaker. 2. Administer atropine, an antidysrhythmic. 3. Obtain a STAT electrocardiogram (ECG). 4. Notify the health-care provider.
2
While explaining temporary pacemakers to a patient, what should a nurse include? Select all that apply. 1. All temporary pacemakers are transvenous. 2. Transcutaneous pacemakers pace through the skin. 3. Transvenous pacemakers are inserted into the left ventricle. 4. Epicardial pacemakers leads are passed through the chest wall and attached to the internal power source. 5. Temporary pacemakers have the power source outside the body. 6. The placement of the transcutaneous pacemakers is noninvasive; it is a temporary procedure.
2,5,6
A nurse is monitoring a patient on a wireless electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor. Which observation is a cause for concern? 1. Upright P wave 2. Flat ST segment 3. Prolonged QT interval 4. Upright T wave
3
A patient's systemic vascular resistance (SVR) has dangerously decreased. The nurse would expect to administer which medications? 1. Furosemide (Lasix) and dopamine 2. Nitroprusside and furosemide (Lasix) 3. Dopamine and norepinephrine (Levophed) 4. Nitroglycerin and digoxin (Lanoxin)
3
The client is exhibiting ventricular tachycardia. Which intervention should the nurse implement first? 1. Administer lidocaine, an antidysrhythmic, IVP. 2. Prepare to defibrillate the client. 3. Assess the client's apical pulse and blood pressure. 4. Start basic cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
3
The client shows ventricular fibrillation on the telemetry at the nurse's station. Which action should the telemetry nurse implement first? 1. Administer epinephrine IVP. 2. Prepare to defibrillate the client. 3. Call a STAT code. 4. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
3
Which ECG characteristic is consistent with a diagnosis of ventricular tachycardia (VT)? 1. Unmeasurable rate and rhythm 2. Rate 150 beats/minute; inverted P wave 3. Rate 200 beats/minute; P wave not visible 4. Rate 125 beats/minute; normal QRS complex
3
Which of the following actions has the highest priority for maintaining safety when caring for a patient with a PA catheter? 1. Obtain pressures per protocol. 2. Administer fluids and medications via pump. 3. Maintain asepsis when providing line care. 4. Obtain lab values as ordered.
3
While ambulating a patient, the ECG tracing changes from a normal sinus rhythm, with a ventricular rate of 90 impulses per minute, to the following tracing. Which action should the nurse take? 1. Notify the primary health care provider 2. Administer digoxin 3. Continue ambulating the patient 4. Place the patient back into bed
3
A patient found unresponsive has pulseless electrical activity on the ECG. What action should the nurse take first? 1. Apply warm blankets 2. Assist with intubation 3. Assess for pulmonary embolus 4. Initiating cardiopulmonary resuscitation
4
The client who is one day postoperative coronary artery bypass surgery is exhibiting sinus tachycardia. Which intervention should the nurse implement? 1. Assess the apical heart rate for one full minute. 2. Notify the client's cardiac surgeon. 3. Prepare the client for synchronized cardioversion. 4. Determine if the client is having pain.
4
The nurse notes that a patient has a history of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. What heart rate characterizes this dysrhythmia? 1. Slower than 60 beats/minute 2. Between 60 and 100 beats/minute 3. Between 100 and 150 beats/minute 4. Between 150 and 220 beats/minute
4
What is the treatment of choice for atrial flutter? 1. Oxygen therapy 2. Maze procedure 3. Electrical cardioversion 4. Radiofrequency catheter ablation
4
When analyzing an electrocardiographic (ECG) rhythm strip of a patient with a regular heart rhythm, the nurse counts 30 small blocks from one R wave to the next. The nurse calculates the patient's heart rate as ____.
50
A 20-yr-old patient has a mandatory electrocardiogram (ECG) before participating on a college soccer team and is found to have sinus bradycardia, rate 52. Blood pressure (BP) is 114/54 mm Hg, and the student denies any health problems. What action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Allow the student to participate on the soccer team. b. Refer the student to a cardiologist for further testing. c. Tell the student to stop playing immediately if any dyspnea occurs. d. Obtain more detailed information about the student's family health history.
A
A 29-year-old patient is to receive cardioversion for a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse instruct the patient to expect? a. Administration of a short-acting sedative b. Digoxin dose to be taken as scheduled c. Procedure to be completely safe d. Pacemaker spikes to be carefully monitored
A
A 78-kg patient with septic shock has a urine output of 30 mL/hr for the past 3 hours. The pulse rate is 120/minute and the central venous pressure and pulmonary artery wedge pressure are low. Which order by the health care provider will the nurse question? A. Give PRN furosemide (Lasix) 40 mg IV B. Increase normal saline infusion to 250 mL/hr. C. Administer hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef) 100 mg IV. D. Titrate norepinephrine (Levophed) to keep systolic BP >90 mm Hg
A
A nurse in a coronary care unit is admitting a client who has had CPR following a cardiac arrest. The client is receiving lidocaine IV at 2mg/min. When the client asks the nurse why he is receiving that medication, the nurse should explain that it has which of the following actions? a.Prevents dysrhythmias b. Slows intestinal motility c. Dissolves blood clots d. Relieves pain
A
A nurse is caring for a client who develops a ventricular fibrillation rhythm. The client is unresponsive, pulseless and apneic. Which of the following actions is the nurse's priority? a. Defibrillation b. Airway management c. Epinephrine administration d. Amiodarone administration
A
A nurse is monitoring the cardiac output of a client who has left-sided heart failure using pulse pressure analysis. Which of the following findings can compromise the readings? A. The client is experiencing premature atrial contractions. B. The client has a decreased oxygen saturation level. C. The client has bilateral wheezes. D. The client has lower leg edema
A
A patient on the cardiac telemetry unit goes into ventricular fibrillation and is unresponsive. Following initiation of the emergency call system (Code Blue), what is the next priority for the nurse in caring for this patient? a. Begin CPR. b. Get the crash cart. c. Administer amiodarone IV. d. Defibrillate with 360 joules.
A
A patient with dilated cardiomyopathy has new onset atrial fibrillation that has been unresponsive to drug therapy for several days. Teaching for this patient would include information about a. anticoagulant therapy. c. emergency cardioversion. b. permanent pacemakers. d. IV adenosine (Adenocard).
A
A patient with dilated cardiomyopathy has new-onset atrial fibrillation that has been unresponsive to drug therapy for several days. Teaching for this patient would include information about a. anticoagulant therapy. c. emergency cardioversion. b. permanent pacemakers. d. IV adenosine (Adenocard).
A
After the nurse gives IV atropine to a patient with symptomatic type 1, second-degree atrioventricular (AV) block, which finding indicates that the drug has been effective? a. Increase in the patient's heart rate b. Increase in strength of peripheral pulses c. Decrease in premature atrial contractions d. Decrease in premature ventricular contractions
A
An older adult is on cardiac monitoring after a myocardial infarction. The client shows frequent dysrhythmias. What action by the nurse is most appropriate? a. Assess for any hemodynamic effects of the rhythm. b. Prepare to administer antidysrhythmic medication. c. Notify the provider or call the Rapid Response Team. d. Turn the alarms off on the cardiac monitor.
A
On auscultation, a nurse detects a heart murmur. What should the nurse know that a heart murmur indicates? a. Valves that do not close correctly b. Pericardium that is inflamed c. Decrease in pacemaker cells d. Loud ventricular gallop
A
The charge nurse is explaining the concept of pacemaker failure to capture to the new graduate. What information should the charge nurse give? A. It occurs when the electrical charge is insufficient. B. It occurs when the pacemaker does not recognize spontaneous heart activity. C. A complication is ventricular tachycardia. D. First-line treatment when this occurs is to turn down the electrical charge.
A
The nurse gets the hand-off report on four clients. Which client should the nurse assess first? a. Client with a blood pressure change of 128/74 to 110/88 mm Hg b. Client with oxygen saturation unchanged at 94% c. Client with a pulse change of 100 to 88 beats/min d. Client with urine output of 40 mL/hr for the last 2 hours
A
The nurse hears a murmur between the S1 and S2 heart sounds at the patients left fifth intercostal space and midclavicular line. How will the nurse record this information? a. Systolic murmur heard at mitral area b. Systolic murmur heard at Erbs point c. Diastolic murmur heard at aortic area d. Diastolic murmur heard at the point of maximal impulse
A
The nurse is providing care for a patient who has decreased cardiac output related to heart failure. The nurse recognizes that cardiac output is A) Calculated by multiplying the patient's stroke volume by the heart rate. B) The average amount of blood ejected during one complete cardiac cycle. C) Determined by measuring the electrical activity of the heart and the patient's heart rate. D) The patient's average resting heart rate multiplied by the patient's mean arterial blood pressure.
A
The patient has a heart rate of 40 beats/minute. The P waves are regular, and the Q waves are regular, but there is no relationship between the P wave and QRS complex. What treatment do you anticipate? A. Pacemaker B. Continue to monitor C. Carotid massage D. Defibrillation
A
The patient has a heart rate of 40 bpm. The P waves are regular, and the Q waves are regular, but there is no relationship between the P wave and QRS complex. What treatment do you anticipate? a) Pacemaker b) Continue to monitor c) Carotid massage d) Defibrillation
A
The standard policy on the cardiac unit states, Notify the health care provider for mean arterial pressure (MAP) less than 70 mm Hg. The nurse will need to call the health care provider about the a. postoperative patient with a BP of 116/42. b. newly admitted patient with a BP of 150/87. c. patient with left ventricular failure who has a BP of 110/70. d. patient with a myocardial infarction who has a BP of 140/86.
A
To auscultate for S3 or S4 gallops in the mitral area, the nurse listens with the a. bell of the stethoscope with the patient in the left lateral position. b. diaphragm of the stethoscope with the patient in a supine position. c. bell of the stethoscope with the patient sitting and leaning forward. d. diaphragm of the stethoscope with the patient lying flat on the left side.
A
To determine whether there is a delay in impulse conduction through the atria, the nurse will measure the duration of the patient's a. P wave. b. Q wave. c. P-R interval. d. QRS complex.
A
When caring for a patient who has just arrived on the telemetry unit after having cardiac catheterization, which nursing intervention should the nurse delegate to a licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)? a. Give the scheduled aspirin and lipid-lowering medication. b. Perform the initial assessment of the catheter insertion site. c. Teach the patient about the usual postprocedure plan of care. d. Titrate the heparin infusion according to the agency protocol.
A
Which of the following is the most common reason for the PAOP and CVP to increase? A. left and RV failure. B. excess blood volume. C. RV failure. D. pulmonary hypertension
A
The nurse observes no P waves on the patients monitor strip. There are fine, wavy lines between the QRS complexes. The QRS complexes measure 0.08 sec (narrow), but they occur irregularly with a rate of 120 beats/min. What does the nurse determine the rhythm to be? Sinus tachycardia Atrial fibrillation Ventricular fibrillation Ventricular tachycardia
A fib
Which of the following cardiovascular effects of aging should the nurse anticipate when providing care for older adults (select all that apply)? A) Arterial stiffening B) Increased blood pressure C) Increased maximal heart rate D) Decreased maximal heart rateE) Increased recovery time from activity
A, B, D, E
A nurse is caring for a patient immediately following a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE). Which of the following assessments are appropriate for this patient (select all that apply)? A) Assess for return of gag reflex. B) Assess groin for hematoma or bleeding. C) Monitor vital signs and oxygen saturation. D) Position patient supine with head of bed flat. E) Assess lower extremities for circulatory compromise.
A, C
A nurse urges a 50-year-old overweight executive who had a myocardial infarction (MI) 3 months earlier to take up some conditioning exercises for 30 minutes a day. What rationale supports this suggestion? (Select all that apply.) a. Lose weight. b. Improve function of the left ventricle. c. Decrease arterial stiffening. d. Decrease cholesterol levels. e. Improve cardiac dysrhythmia.
A,B,C,D
A nurse teaches a client with a new permanent pacemaker. Which instructions should the nurse include in this clients teaching? (Select all that apply.) a. Until your incision is healed, do not submerge your pacemaker. Only take showers b. Report any pulse rates lower than your pacemaker settings. c. If you feel weak, apply pressure over your generator. d. Have your pacemaker turned off before having magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). e. Do not lift your left arm above the level of your shoulder for 8 weeks.
A,B,E
When preparing to defibrillate a patient, in which order will the nurse perform the following steps? (Put a comma and a space between each answer choice [A, B, C, D, E].)a. Turn the defibrillator on.b. Deliver the electrical charge.c. Select the appropriate energy level.d. Place the hands-free, multifunction defibrillator pads on the patient's chest.e. Check the location of other staff and call out "all clear."
A,C,D,E,B
A nurse is caring for a client who had coronary artery bypass grafting yesterday. What actions does the nurse delegate to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)? (Select all that apply.) a. Assist the client to the chair for meals and to the bathroom. b. Encourage the client to use the spirometer every 4 hours. c. Ensure the client wears TED hose or sequential compression devices. d. Have the client rate pain on a 0-to-10 scale and report to the nurse. e. Take and record a full set of vital signs per hospital protocol.
A,C,E
A nurse is caring for a client who had a cardiac catheterization. Which f the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care? (select all that apply) A. Check peripheral pulses in the affected extremity. B. Place the client in high-Fowler's position. C. Measure the client's vital signs every 4 hr. D. Keep the client's hip and leg extended. E. Have the client remain in bed up to 6 hr.
A,D,E
When evaluating the effectiveness of preoperative teaching with a patient scheduled for coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery using the internal mammary artery, the nurse determines that additional teaching is needed when the patient says which of the following? a. "They will circulate my blood with a machine during surgery." b. "I will have incisions in my leg where they will remove the vein." c. "They will use an artery near my heart to go around the area that is blocked." d. "I will need to take an aspirin every day after the surgery to keep the graft open."
ANS: B When the internal mammary artery is used there is no need to have a saphenous vein removed from the leg. The other statements by the patient are accurate and indicate that the teaching has been effective.
A patient reports dizziness and shortness of breath and is admitted with a dysrhythmia. Which medication, if ordered, requires the nurse to carefully monitor the patient for asystole? Digoxin Adenosine Metoprolol Atropine sulfate
Adenosine
A 59-year-old man has presented to the emergency department with chest pain. Which of the following components of his subsequent blood work is most clearly indicative of a myocardial infarction (MI)? A) CK-MB B) Troponin C) Myoglobin D) C-reactive protein
B
A nurse assesses a client with atrial fibrillation. Which manifestation should alert the nurse to the possibility of a serious complication from this condition? a. Sinus tachycardia b. Speech alterations c. Fatigue d. Dyspnea with activity
B
A nurse assists with the cardioversion of a client experiencing acute atrial fibrillation. Which action should the nurse take prior to the initiation of cardioversion? a. Administer intravenous adenosine. b. Turn off oxygen therapy. c. Ensure a tongue blade is available. d. Position the client on the left side.
B
A nurse evaluates prescriptions for a client with chronic atrial fibrillation. Which medication should the nurse expect to find on this clients medication administration record to prevent a common complication of this condition? a. Sotalol (Betapace) b. Warfarin (Coumadin) c. Atropine (Sal-Tropine) d. Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
B
A patient has ST-segment changes that suggest an acute inferior wall myocardial infarction. Which lead would be best for monitoring the patient? a. I c. V2 b. II d. V6
B
A patient has a sinus rhythm and a heart rate of 72 beats/min. The nurse determines that the PR interval is 0.24 seconds. The most appropriate intervention by the nurse would be to a. notify the a provider immediately. b. document the finding and monitor the patient. c. give atropine per agency dysrhythmia protocol. d. prepare the patient for temporary pacemaker insertion.
B
A patient has a sinus rhythm and a heart rate of 72 beats/min. The nurse determines that the PR interval is 0.24 seconds. The most appropriate intervention by the nurse would be to a. notify the health care provider immediately. b. document the finding and monitor the patient. c. give atropine per agency dysrhythmia protocol. d. prepare the patient for temporary pacemaker insertion.
B
A patient has had atropine sulfate that has been administered intravenously to treat a dysrhythmia. What should the nurse assess this patient for after administration? a. Weight gain b. Tachycardia c. Muscle twitching d. Incontinence of urine
B
A patient is scheduled for a cardiac catheterization with coronary angiography. Before the test, the nurse informs the patient that a. it will be important to lie completely still during the procedure. b. a flushed feeling may be noted when the contrast dye is injected. c. monitored anesthesia care will be provided during the procedure. d. arterial pressure monitoring will be required for 24 hours after the test.
B
A patient whose heart monitor shows sinus tachycardia, rate 132, is apneic, and has no palpable pulses. What action should the nurse take next? a. Perform synchronized cardioversion. b. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). c. Give atropine per agency dysrhythmia protocol. d. Provide supplemental O2 via non-rebreather mask.
B
A patient with a sinus node dysfunction has a permanent pacemaker inserted. Before discharge, what should the nurse include when teaching the patient? a. Avoid cooking with microwave ovens. b. Avoid standing near antitheft devices in doorways. c. Use mild analgesics to control the chest spasms caused by the pacing current. d. Start lifting the arm above the shoulder right away to prevent a "frozen shoulder."
B
A patient's heart monitor shows a pattern of undulations of varying contours and amplitude with no measurable ECG pattern. The patient is unconscious, apneic, and pulseless. Which action should the nurse take first? a. Give epinephrine (Adrenalin) IV. b. Perform immediate defibrillation. c. Prepare for endotracheal intubation. d. Ventilate with a bag-valve-mask device.
B
A registered nurse (RN) is observing a student nurse who is doing a physical assessment on a patient. The RN will need to intervene immediately if the student nurse a. presses on the skin over the tibia for 10 seconds to check for edema. b. palpates both carotid arteries simultaneously to compare pulse quality. c. documents a murmur heard along the right sternal border as a pulmonic murmur. d. places the patient in the left lateral position to check for the point of maximal impulse.
B
A transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is ordered for a patient with possible endocarditis. Which action included in the standard TEE orders will the nurse need to accomplish first? a. Start an IV line. b. Place the patient on NPO status. c. Administer O2 per nasal cannula. d. Give lorazepam (Ativan) 1 mg IV.
B
Auscultation of a patient's heart reveals the presence of a murmur. This assessment finding is a result of A) Increased viscosity of the patient's blood. B) Turbulent blood flow across a heart valve. C) Friction between the heart and the myocardium. D) A deficit in heart conductivity that impairs normal contractility.
B
The emergency department patient is in paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) at a rate of 170 beats/minute. Which treatment do you anticipate first? A. Sotalol (Betapace) by slow IVP B. Adenosine (Adenocard) by fast IVP C. Defibrillation D. Digoxin (Lanoxin)
B
The intensive care unit (ICU) nurse educator will determine that teaching about arterial pressure monitoring for a new staff nurse has been effective when the nurse a. balances and calibrates the monitoring equipment every 2 hours. b. positions the zero-reference stopcock line level with the phlebostatic axis. c. ensures that the patient is supine with the head of the bed flat for all readings. d. rechecks the location of the phlebostatic axis when changing the patient's position.
B
The nurse and unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) on the telemetry unit are caring for four patients. Which nursing action can be delegated to the UAP? a. Teaching a patient scheduled for exercise electrocardiography about the procedure b. Placing electrodes in the correct position for a patient who is to receive ECG monitoring c. Checking the catheter insertion site for a patient who is recovering from a coronary angiogram d. Monitoring a patient who has just returned to the unit after a transesophageal echocardiogram
B
The nurse is admitting a patient who is scheduled to undergo a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following allergies is most important for the nurse to assess before this procedure? A) Iron B) Iodine C) Aspirin D) Penicillin
B
The nurse is doing discharge teaching with the patient and spouse of the patient who just received an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) in the left side. Which statement by the patient indicates to the nurse that the patient needs more teaching? a) "I will call the cardiologist if my ICD fires." b) "I cannot fly because it will damage the ICD." c) "I cannot move my left arm until it is approved" d) "I cannot drive until my cardiologist says it is okay."
B
The nurse notes that a patient's heart monitor shows that every other beat is earlier than expected, has no visible P wave, and has a QRS complex that is wide and bizarre in shape. How will the nurse document the rhythm? a. Ventricular couplets b. Ventricular bigeminy c. Ventricular R-on-T phenomenon d. Multifocal premature ventricular contractions
B
The patient has a pacemaker set for 70 beats/minute. When taking the patient's pulse, you obtain a heart rate of 60 beats/minute. What is the best interpretation of this finding? A. The patient's heart has become more effective. B. The pacemaker is not working properly. C. The patient is tolerating a lower heart rate now. D. The pacemaker is sensing a ventricular rhythm.
B
What describes the refractory phase? a. abnormal electrical impulses b. Period in which heart tissue cannot be stimulated c. areas of the heart do not depolarize at the same rate because of depressed conduction d. Sodium migrates rapidly into the cel, so it is positive compared to the outside of the cell
B
When admitting a patient for a cardiac catheterization and coronary angiogram, which information about the patient is most important for the nurse to communicate to the health care provider? a. The patients pedal pulses are +1. b. The patient is allergic to shellfish. c. The patient had a heart attack a year ago. d. The patient has not eaten anything today.
B
When assessing a newly admitted patient, the nurse notes a murmur along the left sternal border. To document more information about the murmur, which action will the nurse take next? a. Find the point of maximal impulse. b. Determine the timing of the murmur. c. Compare the apical and radial pulse rates. d. Palpate the quality of the peripheral pulses.
B
When auscultating over the patients abdominal aorta, the nurse hears a humming sound. The nurse documents this finding as a a. thrill. b. bruit. c. murmur. d. normal finding.
B
When developing a teaching plan for a 61-yr-old patient with multiple risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD), the nurse should focus primarily on the a. family history of coronary artery disease. b. elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level. c. increased risk associated with the patient's gender. d. increased risk of cardiovascular disease as people age
B
Which action by a new registered nurse (RN) who is orienting to the telemetry unit indicates a good understanding of the treatment of heart dysrhythmias? a. Prepares defibrillator settings at 360 joules for a patient whose monitor shows asystole. b. Injects IV adenosine (Adenocard) over 2 seconds to a patient with supraventricular tachycardia c. Turns the synchronizer switch to the "on" position before defibrillating a patient with ventricular fibrillation d. Gives the prescribed dose of diltiazem (Cardizem) to a patient with new-onset type II second degree AV block
B
Which action should the nurse perform when preparing a patient with supraventricular tachycardia for cardioversion who is alert and has a blood pressure of 110/66 mm Hg? a. Turn the synchronizer switch to the "off" position. b. Give a sedative before cardioversion is implemented. c. Set the defibrillator/cardioverter energy to 360 joules. d. Provide assisted ventilations with a bag-valve-mask device.
B
Which action will the nurse include in the plan of care for a patient who was admitted with syncopal episodes of unknown origin? a. Explain the association between dysrhythmias and syncope. b. Instruct the patient to call for assistance before getting out of bed. c. Teach the patient about the need to avoid caffeine and other stimulants. d. Tell the patient about the benefits of implantable cardioverter-defibrillators.
B
Which assessment finding by the nurse caring for a patient who has had coronary artery bypass grafting using a right radial artery graft is most important to communicate to the health care provider? a. Complaints of incisional chest painb. Pallor and weakness of the right hand c. Fine crackles heard at both lung bases d. Redness on both sides of the sternal incision
B
Which hemodynamic parameter is most appropriate for the nurse to monitor to determine the effectiveness of medications given to a patient to reduce left ventricular afterload? a. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) b. Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) c. Pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) d. Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP)
B
Which nursing action can the registered nurse (RN) delegate to experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) working as telemetry technicians on the cardiac care unit? a. Decide whether a patient's heart rate of 116 requires urgent treatment. b. Observe heart rhythms for multiple patients who have telemetry monitoring. c. Monitor a patient's level of consciousness during synchronized cardioversion. d. Select the best lead for monitoring a patient admitted with acute coronary syndrome.
B
While providing discharge instructions to the patient who has had an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) inserted, the nurse teaches the patient that if the ICD fires, he or she should do what? a. Lie down. b. Call the cardiologist. c. Push the reset button on the pulse generator. d. Immediately take his or her antidysrhythmic medication.
B
nurse is assessing clients on a medical-surgical unit. Which client should the nurse identify as being at greatest risk for atrial fibrillation? a. A 45-year-old who takes an aspirin daily b. A 50-year-old who is post coronary artery bypass graft surgery c. A 78-year-old who had a carotid endarterectomy d. An 80-year-old with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
B
Which patient teaching points should the nurse include when providing discharge instructions to a patient with a new permanent pacemaker and the caregiver (select all that apply)? a. Avoid or limit air travel b. Take and record a daily pulse rate c. Obtain and wear a Medic Alert ID device at all times d. Avoid lifting arm on the side of the pacemaker above shoulder e. Avoid microwave ovens because they interfere with pacemaker function
B,C,D
Which teaching points should you include when providing discharge instructions to a patient with a new permanent pacemaker and to the caregiver (select all that apply)? A. Avoid or limit air travel. B. Take and record a pulse rate daily .C. Obtain and wear a Medic Alert ID or bracelet at all times. D. Avoid lifting the arm on the side of the pacemaker above the shoulder. E. Avoid microwave ovens because they interfere with pacemaker function.
B,C,D
A 19-yr-old student comes to the student health center at the end of the semester complaining that, "My heart is skipping beats." An electrocardiogram (ECG) shows occasional unifocal premature ventricular contractions (PVCs). What action should the nurse take next? a. Insert an IV catheter for emergency use. b. Start supplemental O2 at 2 to 3 L/min via nasal cannula. c. Ask the patient about current stress level and caffeine use. d. Have the patient taken to the nearest emergency department (ED)
C
A client had an acute myocardial infarction. What assessment finding indicates to the nurse that a significant complication has occurred? a. Blood pressure that is 20 mm Hg below baseline b. Oxygen saturation of 94% on room air c. Poor peripheral pulses and cool skin d. Urine output of 1.2 mL/kg/hr for 4 hours
C
A nurse administers prescribed adenosine (Adenocard) to a client. Which response should the nurse assess for as the expected therapeutic response? a. Decreased intraocular pressure b. Increased heart rate c. Short period of asystole d. Hypertensive crisis
C
A nurse cares for a client with atrial fibrillation who reports fatigue when completing activities of daily living. What interventions should the nurse implement to address this clients concerns? a. Administer oxygen therapy at 2 liters per nasal cannula. b. Provide the client with a sleeping pill to stimulate rest. c. Schedule periods of exercise and rest during the day. d. Ask unlicensed assistive personnel to help bathe the client.
C
A nurse is caring for a client with a ventricular pacemaker who is on ECG monitoring. The nurse understands that the pacemaker is functioning properly when which of the following appears on the monitor strip? a. Pacemaker spikes after each QRS complex b. Pacemaker spikes before each P wave c. Pacemaker spikes before each QRS complex d. Pacemaker spikes with each T wave
C
A nurse is monitoring the pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) for a client. The nurse should identity that a reading of 15 mm Hg is an indication of which of the following conditions? A. Fluid volume deficit B. Right ventricular failure C. Mitral regurgitation D. Afterload reduction
C
A nurse is teaching an older adult client who is postoperative following insertion of a permanent pacemaker. The nurse should instruct the client to notify the provider about which of the following manifestation? a. Increased urine output b. Rapid pulse c. Fatigue d. Sneezing
C
A patient admitted with ACS has continuous ECG monitoring. An examination of the rhythm strip reveals the following characteristics: atrial rate 74 beats/min and regular; ventricular rate 62 beats/min and irregular; P wave normal shape; PR interval lengthens progressively until a P wave is not conducted; QRS normal shape. The priority nursing intervention would be to a. perform synchronized cardioversion b. administer epinephrine 1 mg IV push c. observe for symptoms of hypotension or angina d. apply transcutaneous pacemaker pads on the patient
C
A patient asks what a transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) is and what it is expected to do? What is the best explanation by the nurse? a. Measures conductivity b. Records the force of contraction c. Evaluates the efficiency of the valves d. Checks the volume of the preload
C
A patient has a junctional escape rhythm on the monitor. The nurse will expect the patient to have a heart rate of _____ beats/min. a. 15 to 20 c. 40 to 60 b. 20 to 40 d. 60 to 100
C
A patient reports dizziness and shortness of breath for several days. During heart monitoring in the emergency department (ED), the nurse obtains the following electrocardiographic (ECG) tracing. The nurse interprets this heart rhythm as a. junctional escape rhythm. b. accelerated idioventricular rhythm. c. third-degree atrioventricular (AV) block. d. sinus rhythm with premature atrial contractions (PACs).
C
A patient who is complaining of a "racing" heart and feeling "anxious" comes to the emergency department. The nurse places the patient on a heart monitor and obtains the following electrocardiographic (ECG) tracing.Which action should the nurse take next? a. Prepare to perform electrical cardioversion. b. Have the patient perform the Valsalva maneuver. c. Obtain the patient's vital signs including O2 saturation. d. Prepare to give a -blocker medication to slow the heart rate.
C
What accurately describes the PR interval (select all that apply)? a. 0.16 seconds b. <0.12 seconds c. 0.06 to 0.12 d. 0.12 to 0.20 seconds e. time of depolarization and depolarization of ventricles f. measured from beginning of P wave to beginning of QRS complex
D,F
The nurse observes a flat line on the patient's monitor and the patient is unresponsive without pulse. What medications does the nurse prepare to administer?Lidocaine and amiodarone Digoxin and procainamide Epinephrine and/or vasopressin β-adrenergic blockers and dopamine
Epi/vasopressin
A 38-year-old teacher who reported dizziness and shortness of breath while supervising recess is admitted with a dysrhythmia. Which medication, if ordered, requires the nurse to carefully monitor the patient for asystole?
IV adenosine
The nurse is evaluating a client who had a cardiac catheterization w/ a left antecubital insertion site. Which of the following pulses should the nurse palpate?
Radial pulse in the left arm
The patient has atrial fibrillation with a rapid ventricular response. What electrical treatment option does the nurse prepare the patient for? Defibrillation Synchronized cardioversion Automatic external defibrillator (AED) Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)
Synchronized cardioversion
Cardioversion is attempted for a patient with atrial flutter and a rapid ventricular response. After the delivering 50 joules by synchronized cardioversion, the patient develops ventricular fibrillation. Which action should the nurse take immediately?Administer 250 mL of 0.9% saline solution IV by rapid bolus. Assess the apical pulse, blood pressure, and bilateral neck vein distention. Turn the synchronizer switch to the "off" position and recharge the device. Tell the patient to report any chest pain or discomfort and administer morphine sulfate.
Turn the synchronizer switch to the "off" position and recharge the device
The nurse prepares to defibrillate a patient. For which dysrhythmia has the nurse observed in this patient? Ventricular fibrillation Third-degree AV block Uncontrolled atrial fibrillation Ventricular tachycardia with a pulse
v fib