Week 5: Nutrition

Cellular membranes

A client with a high cholesterol level says to the nurse, "why cant the doctor just give me a medication to eliminate all the cholesterol in my body so it isn't a problem?" Which factor related to why cholesterol is important in the human body should the nurse include in a response to the clients question?

"I can double the amount of water in the formula to save money."

An infant has been admitted with failure to thrive (FTT). The nurse knows that more education is needed when on of the parents makes what statement?

Whole bran

A client is admitted to the hospital for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. What should the nurse encourage the client to add to the diet to help normalize bowel function after surgery?

Meeting nutritional needs

A client is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of Crohn disease. What is most important for the nurse to include in the teaching plan for this client?

Provide high-protein drinks.

A client was admitted with full thickness burns 2 weeks ago. Since admission, the client has lost an average of 1 lb (0.5 kg) of weight each day. Which action will the nurse most likely take based upon the adjusted dietary plan?

Add extra salt to food

A nurse is caring for a client with Addison Disease. Which dietary instruction should the nurse teach the client to follow?

-Nutrition -Communication -Values orientation

A nurse is caring for a patient for the first time at a health care clinic. What factors should the nurse include in a cultural assessment of the patient?

-Socioeconomic and cultural factors -Psychologic factors such as depression -Food allergies

A nurse is interviewing a patient. Which factors will help to evaluate the patients nutritional-metabolic pattern?

-Whether there is a history of dental extractions -Whether there is a history of blood transfusions -The course of postoperative wound healing in the past -Whether there is a history of specific surgical procedures such as gastrectomy

A nurse is preforming a preoperative assessment of an anemic patient, the nurse should obtain what information to help determine the patients history related to surgery of other treatments?

-Results in fewer complications -preserves the structure and function of gut mucosa -Stops the movement of gut bacteria across the intestinal wall

A nurse is starting enteral feeding through a nasogastric tube for a patient in ICU. What advantages of enteral feeding over parenteral feeding does the nurse identify in the patient?

-"Are you taking any herbal products?" -Have you ever received a blood transfusion?" -"Is there a family history of anemia, cancer, bleeding, or clotting problems?" -"Do you have an difficulty in preforming daily activities because of lack of energy?"

A nurse is taking a clinical history of a patient who has hematologic problems. Which questions should the nurse ask?

Macaroni and cheese

A nurse is teaching the mother of a 2-year-old child who has celiac disease which foods to avoid. Which foods identified by the mother indicate that she understands the teaching?

-Provide adequate time to eat -Encourage intake of dietary fiber -Keep a calorie count of the food taken -Provide a pleasant eating environment

A patient with a spinal cord injury has poor nutritional intake. What measures should the nurse take to improve the patients nutrition?

The need to eat a pregnancy diet that meets increased dietary needs and to adjust the insulin dosage as necessary

A pregnant client with diabetes is referred to the dietitian in the prenatal clinic for nutritional assessment and counseling. What should the nurse emphasize when reinforcing the clients dietary program?

Vitamin D and calcium citrate

A thin 24-year-old woman who runs 10 miles each week asks the nurse for advice about preventing osteoporosis. Which vitamin and other dietary supplement should the nurse recommend?

Decrease in intestinal absorption of iron

An elderly patient has low hemoglobin levels. The patient is otherwise health and has no signs of gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse recognizes that what could be the reason for the low hemoglobin level?

Appels

Tests reveal that a client has phosphatic renal calculi. The nurse teaches the client that the diet my include which food item?

Complete a full nutritional assessment

The nurse completes a nutritional screening and identifies that a patient is at risk for malnutrition. What is the next step for the nurse to take?

Bulimia

The nurse finds that an adolescent has episodes of binge eating followed by self induced vomiting and strenuous exercise. Which condition is the adolescent likely to have?

Small, frequent feeding schedule

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for a gastric bypass to treat morbid obesity. Which diet should the nurse teach the client to maintain because it will help minimize clinical manifestations of dumping syndrome?

-Handgrip strength -Diet history -Depression -Rate of weight change

The nurse is caring for a patient who is suspected to be malnourished. Which components should the nurse assess while preforming a nutritional screening of this patient?

-Certain drugs -Poor fluid intake -Formula components

The nurse is providing care for a patient who is diagnosed with anorexia. The patient is receiving enteral nutrition through an NG tube and has developed constipation. Which factors may be responsible for the constipation?

"My child will have a poor appetite, which will lead to poor growth."

The nurse is providing care to an infant who is diagnosed with cystic fibrosis (CF). Which parental statement indicates the need for further education related to the potential for poor growth?

-A patient with a gastrointestinal (GI) obstruction -A patient experiencing intractable diarrhea -A patient with severe anorexia nervosa -A patient that had a complicated surgery

The nurse provides care for patient on a medical surgical unit. Which patients are likely candidates for parenteral nutrition?

Decreased serum iron

The nursing is reviewing the hematologic study report of a 70-year-old patient. Which finding should the nurse consider normal for this patient?

Preform a full nutritional assessment

Using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), the nurse identifies an elderly patient as a nutritional risk. What is the next priority action?

-Ileus -Peritonitis -Intestinal obstruction

What are the contraindications of enteral nutrition?

-Give a vitamin D supplement daily. -Provide parenteral nutrition when required. -Use oral liquid supplements instead of water with oral medications.

What dietary changes are appropriate for the nurse to implement for older adults with malnutrition?

Increased milk intake

What is the cause of milk anemia in toddlers?

13 g/day

What is the recommended protein intake for preschoolers?

-Assess bowel sounds every eight hours. -Begin early enteral feeding with smaller-bore tubes. -Begin the feedings slowly at a rate of 20 to 40 mL/hr.

When attending to a patient with sever burns, wat precautions should the nurse take to maintain adequate nutrition?

Elevate the head of the bed 30-45 degrees.

When caring for a client who is receiving enteral feedings, the nurse should take which measure to prevent aspiration?

They need around 1800 calories a day

Which does the nurse explain is true about preschoolers?

Meat

Which foods should be avoided by a client who is prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors?

Cachexia

Which malnutrition condition may predispose a client to secondary immunodeficiency?

Liver

Which organ acts as a site for the synthesis of iron carrier proteins?

Milk should be supplemented with solid food items like vegetables and fruits.

Which statement is true about the diet plan for toddlers?

Adolescents need high amounts of calories

Which statement regarding the teenage diet is true?