Week 8: Tea basics-Readings page 25-85

What is the second legend?

-Chinese legend -Tea discovered by Shen Nung, a legendary emperor thought to have ruled about 2737 B.C. -Also credited with inventing the plow, refining agriculture and animal husbandry, developing herbal medicine and a host of other ideas that lead to Chinese civilizations -This tea origin myth includes the emperor boiling water to drink (a healthy habit of his) when a tea leaf fell into his pot from a nearby plant, and infused the water. -The drink was tasty and and stimulating- soon became important part of Shen Nung's herbal medicine.

What are the different grades of green tea in japan

-Gyokuro -Sencha -Bancha- everyday teas of japan Gyokuro, or Pearl Dew, is the most prized and is grown under shade in the Uji district of Honshu

What is the first legend?

-Japanese legend -Revolves around Bodhidharma, or Daruma -Bodhidharma was aking to a buddhist saint, and was responsible for birnging Buddhism fro his native India to CHina, from which it eventually made its way to Japan. -The legend has it that he had taken a vow to spend nine years staring at a wall in constant meditation. -When only 5 years into his meditation, he experienced a moment of extreme tiredness- he dozed and then awoke and was angered at his weakness.SO he tore off his eyelids -Where his eyelids landed a tea plant immediately sprouted. -He made an infused beverage from the leaves and then successfully completed his mediation without another accidental nap -Tea has long been important part of Japanese Buddhism - and an aid in staying away during meditation

What green teas are frequently found in US

-Lung Ching ( Dragon well) -Pi Lo Chun ( Green Snail Spring) -Gunpowder

Thomas Starts with Tea

-Thomas Garway: the first English coffee house proprietor to offer tea -Thomas Rawlinson: founder of the Mitre Tavern, eventually to become Davison, Newman and Co. -Thomas Twining: proprietor of "Tom's", the first retail outlet for tea to welcome women -Thomas Lipton: the irascible Irishman who founded Lipton Teas -Thomas Sullivan: the serendipitous inventor of the tea bag

Characteristics of Ceylon tea:

-bright and flavory -colory cups -OP from Kenilworth is a mainstay blended nearly every day

Characteristics of Temi

-heavier body than darjeeling -looks like darjeeling

The top grades of Ahui tea, such as Hao Ya series are

-hugely aromatic -distinctive teas -subtle smokey aroma -intense flavor -leaf ranges from fair to extremely well made

Characteristics of Darjeeling

-intensely aromatic -flavorful, acteristic muscat flavor note -first flush (spring flush) plucked march - april *intense aroma and lightly colored *cast amber liquor, pale yellowish orange to deeper amber hue -Second flush (summer flush) plucked may -july *equally as complex *heavier weight

Characteristics of Assam teas

-well made -grayish black color -gold colored tip in both grades -produce strong, intense cups of malty, bright and rich tea -yields rich, thick cups w/ wide range of flavor and aroma notes -some have rich, honey flavor -make a great cup of tea by themselves -Assam tea is useful for blending -Traditionally base for irish blends

Characteristics of Ceylon leaf size

-well twisted -wiry -long The broken grades are popular blenders

Tea accounts for _ percent of all Indian exports and is also the largest ____ in the organized agriculture sector

1 percent; employer

____ million people have direct, permanent employment on tea estates, and a total of almost ___ million reside on estate lands

1.2 million; 6 million

The tiny Darjeeling area in northern india produces little more than ____ tons of tea annually

10,000, but it is so popular that its thought that 5 times that is sold

When was tea strongly EMBRACED by the Japanese

12 century

From a humbling beginning of ____ pounds, tea quickly grew in popularity throughout the empire until, by 1800, nearly _____ million pounds were being imported annually

140 pounds 24 million

Tea is produced in at least how many of chinas provinces?

15

How many legends are there surrounding tea's beginnings?

2

Land dedicated to tea production in India is how many acres

2 million acres, with well over 1 million acres under cultivation

How many tea estates are active in producing tea in India?

35,000- the vast majority are small family holdings of less than 125 acres

Tea is grown on a commercial basis in some _____ countries around the world

40

About ___ percent of the estates are located at altitudes above ____ feet

40 percent, 4000 feet

When tea plants are left to its own devices it becomes a tree up to how many feet high

40-feet high

By the end of the ____ century, buddhists monks were planting tea in Japan.

7

How many metric tons of tea did India produce in 1995

750,000, 1/3 of all tea produced in the world

How many gardens produce distinctive black teas of exclusively orthodox manufacturer

78 gardens

When was tea first taxed in china

780 AD, which is the same year the first work specific to teas was published

By what century was tea clearly an important part of life in China

8th century

How many metric tons of tea does japan produce annually

98,000, which meets 2/3 of the domestic demand

What province produces a tremendous amount of tea in a wide variety of styles, and what is its most famous tea?

Anhui -Keemun tea

What are the names of the tea growing countries

Argentina Australia Bangladesh Bolivia Brazil Burundi Cameroon China Ecuador Ethiopia Georgia/Russia India Indonesia Iran Japan Kenya Korea (south) Laos Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Mali Mauritus Mozambique Nepal Papua-new guinea Peru Reunion (Indian Ocean) Rwanda Seychelles (Indian Ocean) Sri Lanka South Africa Taiwan Tanzania Thailand Turkey Uganda USA Vietnam Zaire Zambia Zimbabwe

What is the largest area in northern india that includes seven or more distinct regions

Assam Valley

Due to the colonization and farming efforts of the English in in India ______ variety has been the subject of much hybridization

Assam variety

What was forever associated with British imperialisms int he minds of the Americans

Boston Tea Party in 1773 and tea

From 1650 onwards, the history of tea belongs in great part to the

British

Who brought tea, tea culture and tea plants to Japan in the 6th century

Buddhist monks

The majority of tea produced in this low lying region of Dooars is processed into what teas

CTC teas destine primarily for tea bags -very dark and full bodied teas

What tea-growing country is the youngest of the old?

Ceylon

What is the third largest tea producer of tea in the world

Ceylon (or the island nation of Sri Lanka)

Tea was first consumed as a beverages in ____, somteimes between ___ B.C. and _____ A.D.

China, 2700 BC and 220 AD

Where is the tea maker's art best compared with that of the wine maker

Darjeeling

______, the second largest tea growing region in india that lies south of Darjeeling

Dooars

The island of Taiwan is known as what

Fermosa

The _____ province produces such a wide array of unique and special teas that they are generally divided by Northern Fujian (Min Bei) and Southern Fujian (Min Nam) types

Fujian

____ is noted for being the birthplace of jasmine teas

Fujian

Who does tea belong to TODAY

Germany

____ is a mecca for those pursuing fine teas

Hamburg

Who brought its fist shipment to England in 1669

Honourable East India Company, or the John Company

Which region is both the largest producer and consumer of tea overall

India

What is Yunnan famous for?

Its ancient tea trees, some of which have grown to incredible heights

Many of the better gardens in Ceylon are marked by name in the US such as

Kenilworth, Pettiagalla, Berubeula

What is another famous product of the the Fujian province that is a black tea

Lapsang Souchong

When did the now traditional styles of green, black, and Oolong teas first make an appearance? ____ Dynasty

Ming Dynasty

In the New World, tea made an early appearance in ____ _____, brought by who in the mid 17th century.

New Amsterdam, brought by the Dutch

What lies in the very southern tip of the Indian peninsula?

Nilgiri region

What teas are relatively unknown in the premium tea community, but are generally very useful blenders

Nilgiri teas

Taiwans vast majority of tea (91 percent) is

Oolong tea- and this production is regarded as the finest oolong tea in the world

What is OP

Orange Pekoe, has nothing to do with color of leaf but with size

The best jasmine teas are made from ______ style leaf, and are repeatedly scented with jasmine flowers

Pouchong-style (a very lightly oxidized Ooolong style)

Who was a tea lover who defended the attributes of tea from all attackers

Samuel Johnson

Northwest of the Assam Valley lies what growing region

Sikkim growing region - where teas similar in character and leaf style to Darjeeling are produced

Another 50,000 or so tons is imported annually, primarily from where

Taiwain, China and Brazil

What Sikkim garden is well known for its export quality

Temi

What occupies a flat plain south of Darjeeling and produced nearly 30,000 metric tons of black tea

Terai -this tea is dark, rich and spicy at its best, producing thick liquor that stands up well to milk

What was the first work specific to tea published and by who

The Ch's Chine written by Lu Yu, a poet and scholar commissioned by tea merchants to produce a volume encompassing the sum of contemporary tea knowledge

What is the Iron Goddess of Mercy? And where is it produced?

Ti Kuan Yin- northern Fujian

Tea's origins lie in an indefinite area to the southeast of the

Tibetan plateau, and includes Szechuan, Yunnan, Burma, and Siam, and of course, northeast India, where the Assam variety is found

____ produces a variety of black teas, a few of which find their way into the US as leaf teas

Yunnan

The named Ti Kuan Yin was take from what

a legend involving a Buddhist goddess, and often applied to the strain of bush it is produced from

What quality and styles of tea are produced in India

all ranges- from CTC (crush tear and curl) to orthodox to green and even Oolong teas

When did tea begin to travel as a trade item

as early as 5th century

The remaining 1 percent of tea is

black tea

What tea is mainly exported

black tea

Of all the tea produced in India, 99 percent is what tea and nearly 90 percent of that is ___

black tea and CTC

The orthodox teas from the Nilgiri region (Blue Mountains in Tamil) are

bright and colory, with good flalvor Share many positive qualities as Ceylons

How is Genmaicha made?

by blending medium quality sencha with roasted rice, which produced a vey palatable tea based beverage

What arose from Japands love affair with all things tea?

ceremonial tastings, contests and the highly developed Cha-no-yu, a japanese tea ceremony

What destroyed coffee plantations in Ceylon in 1869, ultimately introducing tea to replace it

disease

The small-leaf chine plant remains what

fairly true-bread, avoiding crossbreeding and hybridization that marks modern agriculture.

Where is the famous Darjeeling distric located

foothills of the Himalayas, northwest of Assam

Another 8 percent of production is in what tea

green tea

Virtually all the tea made in Japan is what tea

green tea

What teas are the choice for domestic consumption? followed by what?

green, followed by Oolong

What did Lu Yu's work include

information on tea growing, processing, brewing, serving and drinking

What is matcha

japanese tea ceremony which has Powdered gyokuro

Both north and south are reasonably famous for their ___ teas

jasmine

How did Ceylon come into its own as a major tea producer?

large part was due to the efforts of Sir Thomas Lipton -he bought a number of tea estates in Ceylon

When did tea makes its way to japan?

late in the 6th century

What teas does north india include

most of the famous and recognized growing tea regions

Teas from india are generally divided into two broad regional types,

north india and south india teas

What is pu-erh

one of the more ancient tea styles of tea in china -often pressed into bricks or into tou-cha or bowl-shaped cakes -has a distinctive, earthy, must flavor and his highly prized by the chinese

Tea from yunnan have what characteristics

peppery

How is Hojicha made?

roasting finished tea leaves, imparting a brown color to the leaves, which yield a light, smooth liquor

Tea is an indigenous plant throughout the forests of

southeast Asia

What is the chinese expression for a great many

ten thousand

Shen Nung is often referred to as

the "Divine Husbandman"

The most tampered with tea plants are those found growing in

the Shan States of Burma and Siam

Tea remained a popular beverage throughout the new colonized territories until the passage of what

the infamous 1765 Stamp Act and other taxation vehicles

What is handy to know when buying jasmine teas?

the less flowers present the better quality

What is Koki cha

twig tea