what is life, chapter 1 lesson 1 - science

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stimulus

a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react

response

a reaction to a stimulus

controlled experiment

a scientist carries out a series of tests that are identical in every respect except for one factor

biology

bio = life, logy = study of

the 6 characteristics of living things

cellular organization, contain similar chemicals, use energy, respond to their surroundings, grow and develop, and reproduce

the 4 needs of living things

food, water, living space and stable internal conditions

chemicals of life

water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acid

unicellular

single-celled organisms like bacteria

a cell

the basic unit of structure and function in an organism

metabolism

the combination of chemical reactions through which an organism builds up or breaks down materials

homeostasis

the maintenance of stable internal conditions

spontaneous generation

the mistaken idea that living things can arise from nonliving sources

development

the process of change that occurs during an organisms life, producing a more complex organism

asexual reproduction

involves only one parent and produces offspring that are identical to the parent

sexual reproduction

involves two parents and combines their genetic material to produce a new organism that differs from both parents

organisms

living things

multicellular

organisms that are composed of many cells

heterotrophs

organisms that cannot make their own food

autotrophs

organisms that make their own food

living things arise from...

other living things through reproduction


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