Word roots & Combining forms

abdomin/o

abdomen ex: abdominocystic -pertaining to the abdomen and gallbladder

lapar/o

abdominal wall ex: laparorrhaphy -suture of the abdominal wall

an/o

anus ex: anoplasty -plastic repair of the anus

appendic/o

appendix ex: appendicolysis -surgical separation of adhesions binding the appendix

arteri/o

artery ex: arteriogram -an x-ray picture of an artery

appendage

attached to or outgrowth ex: appendectomy -excision of the vermiform appendix

cyst/o

bladder ex: cystocele -hernia of the bladder into the vagina

hem/o

blood ex: hematoma -blood clot in an organ or under the skin

oste/o

bone ex: osteoporosis -abnormal thinning of the skeleton

myel/o

bone marrow; spinal cord ex: myelocyte -immature cell of bone marrow

encephal/o

brain ex: encephaloma -a swelling or tumor of the brain

mamm/o

breast ex: mammogram -x-ray recording of breast tissue

mast/o

breast ex: mastitis - inflammation of the breast

cyt/o

cell ex: cytology -the study of the body cells

cerebr/o

cerebrum(part of the brain) ex: cerebral -pertaining to the brain

steth/o

chest ex: stethospam - spasm of the chest muscles

kerat/o

cornea of eye; horny substance ex: keratorrhexis -repture of the cornea

ot/o

ear ex: otitis -inflammation of the ear

myring/o

eardrum ex: myringoplasty - surgical reconstruction of the eardrum

tympan/o

eardrum ex: tympanum -part of the cavity of the middle ear, in the temporal bone

esophag/o

esophagus ex: esophagism -spasm of the esophagus

opthalm/o

eye ex: ophthalmorrhagia -hemorrhage from the eye

salping/o

fallopian tube ex: salpingocyesis - development of an embryo in the uterine tube; a tubal pregnancy.

aden/o

gland ex: adenitis -inflammation of a gland

cephal/o

head ex: cephalic -pertaining to the head

cardi/o

heart ex: cardiology -the study of the heart

ile/o

ileum(small intestine) ex: ileus -intestinal obstruction

enter/o

intestines ex: enteritis -the inflammation of the intestine.

irid/o

iris(eye) ex: iridomalacia -softening of the iris

arthr/o

joint ex: arthrocele -a joint swelling

nephr/o

kidney ex: nephritis -inflammation of the kidney

hepat/o

liver ex: hepatocele -hernia of the liver

lob/o

lobe, as of lung or brain ex: lobotomy -cutting of nerve fibers connecting a lobe of the brain with the thalamus

pneum/o

lungs(air or gas) ex: pneumonectomy -excision of lung tissue

andr/o

men ex: android -resembling a man

stomat/o

mouth ex: stomatomalacia -softening of the structures of the mouth

my/o

muscle ex: myocarditis - inflammation of the heart muscle

neur/o

nerve ex: neuralgia -pain in the nerve

rhin/o

nose ex: rhinitis -inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose.

oophor/o

ovary ex: oophorocystosis -formation of an ovarian cyst

pancreat/o

pancreas ex: pancreatogenous -arising of the pancreas

pyel/

pelvis of kidney ex: pyelectasis -dilation of the renal pelvis

pharyng/o

pharynx ex: pharyngismus -muscular spasm of the pharynx

prostat/o

prostate gland ex: prostatitis -inflammation of the prostate

procto

rectum ex: proctodynia -pain in the rectum

rect/o

rectum and/or anus ex: rectocele -hernial protrusion of part of the rectum into the vagina.

ren/i

renal(kidney) ex: reniform -kidney-shaped

sacr/o

sacrum ex: sacrolumbar -pertaining to the sacrum and loins

splen/o

spleen ex: splenoptosis - downward displacement of the spleen

gastro/o

stomach ex: gastropathy -any disease of the stomach.

ten/o

tendon ex: tendolysis -the freeing of tendon adhesions

orchid/o

testicle ex: orchidorrhaphy -surgical fixation of an undescended testis into the scrotum by suturing

orchi/o

testicle ex: orchiopathy -any disease of the testes

lamina, lamin/o

thin, flat part of verterbra ex: laminotomy -transection of a vertebral lamina

thorac/a

thorax(chest) ex: thoracentesis -surgical puncture and drainage of the thoracic cavity

thyr/o

thyroid gland ex: thyroxine -a hormone of the thyroid gland that contains iodine

gloss/o

tongue ex: glossodynia -pain in the tongue

lingua

tongue ex: nigralingua -black tongue

trache/o

trachea ex: tracheoscopy -infection of the interior the trachea

ureter/o

ureter ex: ureteropathy -any disease of the ureter

hyster/o

uterus ex: hysterolith -a uterine calculus(stone)

phleb/o

vein ex: phlebotomy -incision of a vein

ven/i

vein ex: surgical puncture of a vein

spondyl/o

vertebra ex: spondylodymus -twin fetuses united by the vertebrae

angi/o

vessel ex: angiectomy -excision of part a blood vessel of lymph vessel

vas/o

vessel ex: vascular -pertaining to the blood vessels

gyne

woman ex: morbid aversion to women