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Carrie Chapman Catt

(1859-1947) A suffragette who was president of the National Women's Suffrage Association, and founder of the International Woman Suffrage Alliance. Instrumental in obtaining passage of the 19th Amendment in 1920.

Theodore Roosevelt

1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. Later arbitrated split of Morocco between Germany and France.

Muckraker

1906 - Journalists who searched for corruption in politics and big business

Meat Inspection Act

1906 - Laid down binding rules for sanitary meat packing and government inspection of meat products crossing state lines.

Seventeenth Amendment

1913 constitutional amendment allowing American voters to directly elect US senators

Clayton Antitrust Act

1914 act designed to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act of 1890; certain activities previously committed by big businesses, such as not allowing unions in factories and not allowing strikes, were declared illegal.

William Howard Taft

27th president of the U.S.; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff; he lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.

Initiative

A procedure by which voters can propose a law or a constitutional amendment.

recall

A procedure for submitting to popular vote the removal of officials from office before the end of their term.

Square Deal

Economic policy by Roosevelt that favored fair relationships between companies and workers

NAWSA

National American Woman Suffrage Association; founded in 1890 to help women win the right to vote

NAACP

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Woodrow Wilson

President of the United States (1913-1921) and the leading figure at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. He was unable to persuade the U.S. Congress to ratify the Treaty of Versailles or join the League of Nations.

Nineteenth Amendment

The constitutional amendment adopted in 1920 that guarantees women the right to vote.

Federal Reserve System

The country's central banking system, which is responsible for the nation's monetary policy by regulating the supply of money and interest rates

The Jungle

This 1906 work by Upton Sinclair pointed out the abuses of the meat packing industry. The book led to the passage of the 1906 Meat Inspection Act.

Uptown Sinclair

Wrote "The Jungle" and exposed problems in the meat-packing industry.

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

a federal agency empowered to prevent persons or corporations from using unfair methods of competition in commerce

Referendum

a legislative act is referred for final approval to a popular vote by the electorate

Progressive Movement

an early 20th century reform movement seeking to return control of the government to the people, to restore economic opportunities, and to correct injustices in American life

Gifford Pinchot

head of the U.S. Forest Servic under Roosevelt, who believed that it was possible to make use of natural resources while conserving them

Robert M. La Follette

progressive wisconsin govenor whose adgenda of reforms was known as the wisconsin idea

Florence Kelley

reformer who worked to prohibit child labor and to improve conditions for female workers

Susan B. Anthony

social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Assosiation.

NACW

the National Association of Colored Women—a social service organization founded in 1896.

Pure Food and Drug Act

the act that prohibited the manufacture, sale, or shipment of impure of falsely labeled food and drugs

Scientific Management

the application of scientific principles to increase efficiency in the workplace

Prohibition

the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment

conservation

the principle (which Piaget believed to be a part of concrete operational reasoning) that properties such as mass, volume, and number remain the same despite changes in the forms of objects

Suffrage

the right to vote in political elections