11. TURNING POINTS IN HUMAN HISTORY

Which of the following could affect the human population?

A deadly virus emerges that can pass from human to human. A civil war breaks out in Italy.

Currently, there are _________ sovereign countries in the United Nations.

192

A group of volunteers in San Francisco began making a quilt in 1987 to honor their friends and family members who had died of _____.

AIDS

HIV is the virus that causes ________________.

AIDS

Which of the following could affect the human population?

An ethnic war breaks out in Eastern Europe. A deadly virus starts a pandemic.

In 2004, a tsunami affected the population of _____.

Asia

Mercantilism is a form of _____.

Capitalism

To establish the People's Republic of China in 1949, a revolution occurred. What political background was successful for the new People's Republic of China?

Chinese Communists

Which is not characteristic of the military and fiscal revolution?

Countries used unfavorable trade treaties.

Why is most of the growth in global population seen in developing countries?

Due to sanitation and agricultural advances, yet poverty and lack of family planning.

What do all three economic systems have in common?

Each system represents different answers to the four basic economic questions.

What is the most deadly viral disease that scientists know of?

Ebola

What is likely to happen to a country's economy if its population is affected by a disease pandemic?

Economic productivity would decline.

While the threat of future pandemics is present, how can countries prepare to protect their population? Select all correct responses.

Invest in vaccine research Maintain a supply of anti-viral medications Create an alert system (Partial)

What are three characteristics of the Agricultural Revolution?

Larger cities became a reality. New tools made it possible for more crops to be grown. Farmers learned to control water through canals and wells.

A characteristic of this era was the introduction of pottery.

Mesolithic

Which era saw the first domestication of animals?

Mesolitihic

Hierarchical societies became more organized during the ________ era.

Neolithic

There were widespread agrarian societies during the _______ era.

Neolithic

In Chile, who initiated the "revolution from above?"

Salvador Allende

Where have the highest number of HIV infections been reported?

Sub-Saharan Africa

In history, what altered the development and population of sub-Saharan Africa?

The Atlantic slave trade.

Adam Smith wrote the famous economics book _____.

The Wealth of Nations

Why did the 1918 outbreak of the Spanish flu cause so many deaths?

The influenza virus was a strain to which people had no immunity.

What has been an effect of the AIDS pandemic?

There has been a decline in economic productivity in countries affected by AIDS.

Which of Marx and Engle's ideas were influencial in the 1917 Russian Revolution? Choose all correct reponses.

They wrote of all property being used for the benefit of all the society's members. They wrote of a society in which social classes and the state disappear. (partial)

An account of the first recorded pandemic in human history was written by _____.

Thucydides

The agency that collects data that focuses on people, such as population, income, and age, is the ______.

U.S. Census Bureau

To find environmental health information, you would use which governmental agency?

U.S. Geological Survey

Mercantilism was based on a nation's power and wealth, which was enabled by the _____.

amount of precious metals that could be had

The 1979 Iranian Revolution established _____.

an Islamic republic

A system of ideas is called _____.

an ideology

A pandemic is _____.

an infectious disease outbreak

The world's population today is more than 7 billion people living _____________________.

anywhere on the earth

What new technologies can be used as forces for good as well as for evil?

artificial intelligence biomedical technologies agricultural technologies drones

In the sixth century, an outbreak of ____________ killed forty percent of Constantinople's population.

bubonic plague

The economic system that came out on top at the end of the Cold War was _____.

capitalism

Family planning is a service that helps couples _____.

decide if they will have children or how many children they will have

The three forms of nationalism mentioned in this lesson are _____.

ethnic, political, religous

All of the following are considered major turning points in human history except:

exploration

What are three reasons for mass immigration today?

famine civil wars disease

Nationalism rejects _____.

foreign influences

By invoking the image of past national heroes, revolutionaries can_____.

gain support for their movement

What was an effect of the discovery of the New World in the late fifteenth century?

global exchange of plant life

Two factors that make it difficult for people to retain a sense of nationalism are _____.

globalization immigration

The development of nation-states began _____.

in recent times

Natural Philosophy was a switch from what worldview?

medieval

In what areas did major changes take place during the Industrial Revolution?

mining manufacturing textiles

Capitalism has evolved away from pure capitalism into ______________ throughout much of the world.

mixed economy

Which term best describes a country formed on a shared culture, history, and language?

nationalism

Which of the following best illustrates the traditional economic system?

passing clothes down from older to younger brother

The World Health Organization has the goals of which of the following for global health?

preparedness awareness detection alert systems vaccine research

What types of data does the U.S. Census Bureau collects?

public education finances employment growth population density poverty distribution

The Industrial Revolution saw many people moving from the ________ to the ________.

rural areas, urban areas

Which of the following factors is not responsible for European dominance in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries?

shift of military power away from European countries

Advances in which three areas resulted in European countries establishing colonial empires:

technology Industrialization labor

Stratification is _____.

the categorization of society into social classes

Ethnicities wanting self governance is often a factor when seeking the status of a nation-state. An example would be the countries created following

the fall of the soviet union

Which of the following explains how medical technology is changing our modern society?

the use of tissue and organ transplants the use of laser technologies to avoid open-heart surgery

What is the goal of a command economic system?

to make society more equal

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the new traditional economic system?

The government will control the means of production.

Deadly pandemics have claimed lives around the world for hundreds of years with the most recent influenza pandemic being

The Spanish Flu of 1918

Which of the following are examples of pandemics?

The Spanish flu that broke out in 1918. The bubonic plague that swept across Europe in the mid-1300s.

The forced transport of Africans to the Americas as part of the Atlantic slave trade was an example of which factor affecting population?

international migration

Socioeconomic status can be based on which of the following factors?

job income education

According to the lesson, the economic doctrine that opposes government regulation of the economy is called _____.

laissez-faire

Italian nationalist Garibaldi showed great perserverance by returning to Italy after a failed attempt against the Austrians, only to what?

lead the next revolution to unify Italy

What best defines an economic system?

process by which people choose how to use limited resources in order to meet their needs

Match the inventor with his invention.

1. Fox Talbot- photographs 2. Isaac Singer- sewing machine 3. Etienne Lenoir- gasoline engine 4. Alfred Nobel- dynamite 5. Wilhelm Roentgen- x-rays

Match the following terms

1. Free Enterprise System- private ownership of capital 2. mixed economy- private and state ownership of business 3. the former Soviet Union- command economy 4. land and capital- factors of production

Trace historic reasons for the increase in global populations by selecting all correct answers.

Around 8,000 BC people learned to farm and raise animals. In the 15th century, plants from the Americas were taken to Europe to provide new foods. Life expectancy increased with treatment for diseases.

Who is a Nicaraguan national hero?

Augusto César Sandino

Which statement best defines an entrepreneur?

Businessperson increases industrial production during the Industrial Revolution.

__________ is characterized by the unregulated exchange of services and goods.

Free Market

This period formed the foundation of the modern world:

French Revolution to World War I

What is a significant difference between Socialism and Capitalism?

Government or a central authority owns the means of production under Socialism.

The nationalist Giuseppe Garibaldi led a failed revolution to free ____________ from Austrian control in 1848.

Italy

Which of the following is an "old" country and has a declining population?

Japan

The pandemic that ravaged Constantinople in the sixth century was called the _____.

Justinian Plague

What are three characteristics of the agricultural revolution?

New tools made it possible for more crops to be grown. Larger cities became a reality. Farmers learned to control water through wells and canals.

Which event opened Asian countries to trade with Europe?

Opium wars

An infectious disease outbreak that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a large number of the population is called a(n):

Pandemic

If most of the population growth in the future is expected to take place in developing countries, predict what effects this will likely have.

People in these countries will live in poverty. There will be an increase in demand for access to basic goods and services.

How did the Industrial Revolution change society? Select all the correct responses.

People moved from rural areas into cities to be closer to factories. Disease spread easily with people living closer together. Educational facilities were needed so workers would learn to read and write. Housing for workers was needed.

Experts predict that a future disease outbreak will spread _______________ because much of the world's population lives in crowded urban areas.

Rapidly

Pure communism has been proven to not work over the past century, while pure capitalism also has shown it needs some controls to reduce the chances of what?

growth of monopolies and unfair trade practices

What was an immediate cause of the 1789 French Revolution?

a financial crisis

What form of government did the 1910 Chinese Revolution establish?

a republic

What was the immediate cause of the Springtime of the Peoples?

a revolution in france

Pandemics are a spread of disease covering ________________________.

a very wide geographic area

In the 1970s, how did the Chinese government seek to limit the country's population growth?

by encouraging families to have one child each

From this lesson, in what ways have some nations tried to educate their populations regarding the number of children that couples have?

by producing posters by creating television ads

How did the United States stop the spread of Communism in Europe following World War II?

by rebuilding the European economy through the Marshall Plan

What is another term for a market economic system?

capitalism

Basic economic questions are answered by the central authority in which economic system?

command economic system

Which economic system allows for less freedoms of innovation?

command economy