18
The zona reticularis of the suprarenal cortex produces ______
androgens
The main action of _____ hormone is increased water conservation by kidneys
antidiuretic
Calcium ions serve as messengers often in combination with the intracellular protein called ____
calmodulin
The suprarenal medulla produces ____
catecholamines
A hormone that promotes gluconeogenesis in the liver is ______
cortisol
Excess secretion of growth hormone during early development will cause _____
gigantism
If a diabetic patient receives too much insulin, the low blood sugar could be corrected by injecting ____
glucagon
If adenyl cyclase activity of liver cells is missing which hormone could no longer stimulate release of glucouse
glucagon
Cushings disease results from an excess of _____
glucocorticoids
The zona fasciculata of the suprarenal cortex produces ________
glucocorticoids
____ are dominant in the resistance phase
glucocorticoids
Exhaustion phase
homeostatic regulation breaks down
The hormone oxytocin is produced in the _______
hypothalamus
The zona glomerulosa of the suprarenal cortex produces ____
mineralocorticoids
Neurons of the supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus manufacture ADH and ___
oxytocin
Hormones can be divided into different groups based on their chemistry. These categories include peptides, _____, eicosanoids, and amino acid derivatives
steroids
why is it that steroid hormones use receptors inside of target cells where as protein peptide and amino acid hormones do not?
steroids can cross the cell membrane because they are lipids and the membrane is lipid
All ___ cells have hormone receptors
target
Hormones known as "catecholamines" are derivatives of the amino acid ____
tyrosine
ADH is to _____
vasopressin
The primary function of ADH is to ____ the amount of water lost at the kidneys
Decrease
_____ is dominant in the alarm phase
Epinephrine
The pituitary hormone that promotes egg development in ovaries and sperm development in testes is _____
FSH
The link between a first messenger and a second messenger in a cell that responds to peptide hormones is usually a ____
G protein
Secretory cells of the adenohypophysis release FSH, TSH, ACTH and ____
GH
Resistance phase
Glucocorticoids are released
The hormone produced by the pars intermedia of the adenohypophysis during early childhood is _____
MSH
The pituitary hormone that triggers the release of thyroid hormone from the thyroid gland is _____
TSH
IF the hypophyseal portal system is destroyed the hypothalamus would no longer be able to control the secretion of which hormones?
TSH ACTH PRLADH
A hormone that helps to regulate the sodium ion content of the body is ______
aldosterone
Pepride hormones are composed of ___
amino acids
Describe (GAS) that constitute the body's response to stress?
1 Alarm 2 Resistance 3 Exhaustion
Resistance phase, glucocorticoids are released to? 1-5
1 mobilize lipid and protein reserves 2 conserve glucose for neural tissue 3 elevate and stablize blood glucose 4 conserve salts and water 5 loose K+ and H+
The posterior pituitary gland secretes ______
ADH
After brain surgery a patient receiving postoperative care in an icu began to pass large volumes of diluted urine, the nurse administers a medicine that mimics which hormone?
ADH
Changes in blood osmotic pressure would most affect the secretion of ___
ADH
The pituitary hormone that causes the kidney to reduce water loss is _____
ADH
The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is _______
LH
The hormone _____ promotes uterine contractions, is responsible for milk expression from the mammary glands and triggers prostate gland contraction
Oxytocin
Name the organs that contain target cells for oxytocin?
Prostate, ductus deferens, mammary glands and the uterus
After a steroid hormone binds to its receptor to form an active complex gene _____ is initiated
Transcription
The hypothalamus acts as both a neural and ____ organ
endocrine
Alarm phase
energy reserves are mobilized and the body prepares itself with "fight or flight" responses
The hormone that dominates during the alarm phase of the general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is ?
epinephrine
The pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to fall is ____
insulin
Name hormones which are water soluble and therefore bind to extracellular receptors?
insulin and epinephrine
Destruction of the supraoptic nucleus of the hypothalamus would have what results?
loss of ADH secretion
PRL is to ____ as ACTH is to ____
prolactin
The pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is _____
prolactin
Increased aggressive and assertive behavior is associated with an increase in which hormone?
sex hormones
Liver cells respond to growth hormone by releasing hormones called _____
somatomedins
The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and replication by accelerating protein synthesis is ______
somatotropin