18+19 (4) GUNPOWDER+E. ASIA
why were jesuits respected in China?
the learned chinese, respected confucianism and taught european ideas
in the ottoman empire jews and christians were allowed to trade if...
they paid taxes
why did qianlong sell trading rights to the british?
they were in debt from failed conquerings of burma and vietnam
Shah Abbas (safavid)
took safavids into golden age, used janissary system and beautified isfahan
eta
untouchables, do dirty jobs
Ottoman trade
were middle men, controlled N africa so lots of slaves, gold ivory etc.
Viziers (ottoman)
high official that advised sultan
art in japan
kabuki theatre, haiku
the rich daimyo and merchants pay for________
kabuki theatre, haiku etc.
Qing dynasty
last dynasty of china where manchuria come in and take over
Kangxi encouraged
learning,schools and encyclopedias
Qing culture
machu enforce their culture as superior, for ex forcing men to wear queue
Bc japan has less civil wars...
many samurai have no jobs
when the mongol yuan dynasty falls the ______________dynasty is established
ming
Tamerlame
mongol turkic who fought for islam and was basis for gunpowder empires
the ottomans turned the Hagia sophia into a _____________
mosque
Fall of the Ming Dynasty
peasants revolt bc of famine and the manchu take over
white lotus rebellion (Qianlong)
peasants revolt because taxes are high and the gov is corrupt (qing kills 100,000)
during the Qing dynasty China becomes ______________
proto industrial
Din-i-Ilahi
religion that akbar started to combine hindus and muslims (didn't work)
ronin
samurai without a master
zheng he (ming)
sent by ming, huge fleet that he travelled the world with spreading and exchanging ideas, decreased pirating activity for a bit
Ottoman social classes
sultan merchants and artisans peasants slaves (from conquered peoples)
Safavids are Shiite so they fight with the ....
sunni ottomans
shah jahan (mughal)
taj mahal-workers combine islamis calligraphy with local art
Ottoman empire
the biggest and longest empire in N africa and SW europe
Japan government in P3ish
feudalism, a shogun ruled over everyone but daimyo fought with eachother
the gunpowder empires _______________ which kept them from threatening Europe
fought among themselves
zamindars (mughal)
government officials who got land instead of a salary, and then a portion of the crops from those peasants
ming dynasty rebuilt the ___________ when they failed to take over mongolia
great wall of china
Han system of administration
250 areas in japan controlled by daimyo with armies
Mehmed II (the conqueror) (ottoman)
conquered contsantinople and turned it into istanbul
Janissaries
converted christian boys who are educated and move up in social class
social structure of japan
daimyo, samurai, ronin peasants and farmers merchants and artisans (but very rich) eta
mughal
dynasty in India
ming dynasty
dynasty that hated the mongols adn wanted to go back to real china (civil service exam, confucianism)
Japan unifies through________________
european guns
Japanese foriegn policy
expells foriegners and stops travel
why zheng he is stopped from travelling
-challenges confucian value that you should have and agrarian lifestyle -chinese thought other cultures were inferior -they were expensive
Qianlong (Qing)
-poet and liked calligraphy -conquered nepal and established dali lama in Tibet
gunpowder empire fall
-pressure from Europe -not improving technology -religious differences -big militaries=high taxes -slaves ??
Suleiman I (law giver)(ottoman)
-reformed law to shariah law from Quran -sulemani mosque
akbar (mughal)
-religiously tolerant towards muslims and hindus -exempt hindus from non-muslim tax -tried to stop child marriage and when widows kill themselves -helped sikhism
Safavid fall
-rulers spent too much on luxuries>> weak economy -sunni pashtuns rebel take some land along with ottomans and russians
All Gunpowder rulers...
-speak turkish -are muslim -took over areas from fallen mongols
Aurangzeb (mughal)
-stopped hinduism (only islam) -rebellions and not evolving tech caused them to fall
Ismail (safavid)
15 years old, unties iran iraq and persia
Korea
Hermit Kingdom
Korea fight against Japanese
Ming China helps Korea fight of Japanese invasion but then the Manchu take them over before China
Tokugawa Shogunate
a daimyo turned shogun that unifies Japan
coffee houses (ottoman empire)
a place for business transactions and creative arts where people drank coffee and smoked tobacco from Americas
Safavids
a shiite dynasty in the middle east (persia)
harem politics
a way in which women impacted politics, each wife promoted her son as new ruler (which distracted current ruler)
manchuria
area north of china where people are ethnically different
Japanese religious tolerance
at first christians were ok then japanese start destroying buddhist shrines
China social classes
back to confucianism -foot binding -no education for women no divorce etc.
queue
braided pig tails that manchu forced Chinese to wear (or executed)
Jews in ottoman empire
brought new ideas and accepted into good jews (had to pay non-muslim tax)
result of zheng he
china stops all voyages and outlaws boats w more than one mast
devshirme
christian boys forced into military and to convert to muslim (mehmed)