18+19 (4) GUNPOWDER+E. ASIA

why were jesuits respected in China?

the learned chinese, respected confucianism and taught european ideas

in the ottoman empire jews and christians were allowed to trade if...

they paid taxes

why did qianlong sell trading rights to the british?

they were in debt from failed conquerings of burma and vietnam

Shah Abbas (safavid)

took safavids into golden age, used janissary system and beautified isfahan

eta

untouchables, do dirty jobs

Ottoman trade

were middle men, controlled N africa so lots of slaves, gold ivory etc.

Viziers (ottoman)

high official that advised sultan

art in japan

kabuki theatre, haiku

the rich daimyo and merchants pay for________

kabuki theatre, haiku etc.

Qing dynasty

last dynasty of china where manchuria come in and take over

Kangxi encouraged

learning,schools and encyclopedias

Qing culture

machu enforce their culture as superior, for ex forcing men to wear queue

Bc japan has less civil wars...

many samurai have no jobs

when the mongol yuan dynasty falls the ______________dynasty is established

ming

Tamerlame

mongol turkic who fought for islam and was basis for gunpowder empires

the ottomans turned the Hagia sophia into a _____________

mosque

Fall of the Ming Dynasty

peasants revolt bc of famine and the manchu take over

white lotus rebellion (Qianlong)

peasants revolt because taxes are high and the gov is corrupt (qing kills 100,000)

during the Qing dynasty China becomes ______________

proto industrial

Din-i-Ilahi

religion that akbar started to combine hindus and muslims (didn't work)

ronin

samurai without a master

zheng he (ming)

sent by ming, huge fleet that he travelled the world with spreading and exchanging ideas, decreased pirating activity for a bit

Ottoman social classes

sultan merchants and artisans peasants slaves (from conquered peoples)

Safavids are Shiite so they fight with the ....

sunni ottomans

shah jahan (mughal)

taj mahal-workers combine islamis calligraphy with local art

Ottoman empire

the biggest and longest empire in N africa and SW europe

Japan government in P3ish

feudalism, a shogun ruled over everyone but daimyo fought with eachother

the gunpowder empires _______________ which kept them from threatening Europe

fought among themselves

zamindars (mughal)

government officials who got land instead of a salary, and then a portion of the crops from those peasants

ming dynasty rebuilt the ___________ when they failed to take over mongolia

great wall of china

Han system of administration

250 areas in japan controlled by daimyo with armies

Mehmed II (the conqueror) (ottoman)

conquered contsantinople and turned it into istanbul

Janissaries

converted christian boys who are educated and move up in social class

social structure of japan

daimyo, samurai, ronin peasants and farmers merchants and artisans (but very rich) eta

mughal

dynasty in India

ming dynasty

dynasty that hated the mongols adn wanted to go back to real china (civil service exam, confucianism)

Japan unifies through________________

european guns

Japanese foriegn policy

expells foriegners and stops travel

why zheng he is stopped from travelling

-challenges confucian value that you should have and agrarian lifestyle -chinese thought other cultures were inferior -they were expensive

Qianlong (Qing)

-poet and liked calligraphy -conquered nepal and established dali lama in Tibet

gunpowder empire fall

-pressure from Europe -not improving technology -religious differences -big militaries=high taxes -slaves ??

Suleiman I (law giver)(ottoman)

-reformed law to shariah law from Quran -sulemani mosque

akbar (mughal)

-religiously tolerant towards muslims and hindus -exempt hindus from non-muslim tax -tried to stop child marriage and when widows kill themselves -helped sikhism

Safavid fall

-rulers spent too much on luxuries>> weak economy -sunni pashtuns rebel take some land along with ottomans and russians

All Gunpowder rulers...

-speak turkish -are muslim -took over areas from fallen mongols

Aurangzeb (mughal)

-stopped hinduism (only islam) -rebellions and not evolving tech caused them to fall

Ismail (safavid)

15 years old, unties iran iraq and persia

Korea

Hermit Kingdom

Korea fight against Japanese

Ming China helps Korea fight of Japanese invasion but then the Manchu take them over before China

Tokugawa Shogunate

a daimyo turned shogun that unifies Japan

coffee houses (ottoman empire)

a place for business transactions and creative arts where people drank coffee and smoked tobacco from Americas

Safavids

a shiite dynasty in the middle east (persia)

harem politics

a way in which women impacted politics, each wife promoted her son as new ruler (which distracted current ruler)

manchuria

area north of china where people are ethnically different

Japanese religious tolerance

at first christians were ok then japanese start destroying buddhist shrines

China social classes

back to confucianism -foot binding -no education for women no divorce etc.

queue

braided pig tails that manchu forced Chinese to wear (or executed)

Jews in ottoman empire

brought new ideas and accepted into good jews (had to pay non-muslim tax)

result of zheng he

china stops all voyages and outlaws boats w more than one mast

devshirme

christian boys forced into military and to convert to muslim (mehmed)