(19) Motion Study Time Study

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Arrangement of workplace #1

definite and fixed locations for all tools/materials should be provided to eliminate or reduce therbligs search/select

Westinghouse calculation example

do it

What is therbligs?

gilbreth backwards

principles of motion economy #3

gravity feed bins and drop delivery should be used to reduce reach and move times; ejectors should remove finished parts automatically

pupose of methods-time measurement (MTM

predict task time (overcome a limitation of time study

position vs. preposition

preposition = position right before final position for placement

principle of motion economy #5

proper illiumination, ventilation, temp should be provided

difference between reach and move

reach = empty hand move = with load in hand

What is the 7th principle of motion economy?

research must be done; up to us

principles of motion economy #5

rhythm i essential to smooth and automatic performance of operation

principles of motion economy #2

tools/materials should be located within normal working area

Engineers' work in motion study methods

1. analyze motion elements in a job 2. apply the principles 3. optimize the work method

6 principles of motion economy

1. both hands should begin and complete motions at same time 2. motions of arms should be symmetric around center of body 3. continuous movements are preferred to sharp ones 4. move as few parts of the body as possible 5. momentum should be used to assist worker 6. feet are not capable of operating pedals in standing position

steps of Methods-time measurement (MTM)

1. decompose into elemental motions 2. use pre-determined timing data of elemental motions to estimate total task time

Procedure of Time Study

1. effectively communicate with managment

4 ways to develop the most efficient work method

1. eliminate unnecessary motions 2. simplify necessary motions 3. facilitate/speed-up effective motions 4. adopt most favorable motion sequence

Why do time study

1. establish fair day's work 2. production planning 3. labor planning 4. comparison of machine and method effectiveness 5. health/safety

Researchers' work in motion study methods (2)

1. establish motion elements (Therbligs) 2. develop principles of motion economy

4 principles in design of tools/equipment

1. parts should be held in position by fixture 2. tools and materials should be prepositioned 3. tools should be designed to give best possible mech. advantage and use strongest muscle gropu 4. two or more tools should be combined whenever possible

List 7 therbligs

1. search 2. select 3. grasp 4. reach 5. move 6. hold 7 release

Westinghouse performance rating system criteria

1. skill 2. effort 3. conditions 4. consistency

Two principles of motion study

1. therbligs 2. motion economy

4 time study requirements

1. trained time study person 2. timer 3. trained worker 4. video camera/motion pic

How many therbligs are there?

17

Time Study

A method for determining standard time required by an average, fully-quallified, and well-trained operator working at normal pace to complete a tast

Unavoidable delay

Beyond the control of an operator; may require redesigning the process or machines

Founders of Motion Study

Frank and Lilian Gilbreth

Found in US of Time Study

Frederik W Taylor (Taylorism) Scientific Management

Motion Study

The study of the body motions employed in performing a job to develop the most efficient work method

Motion Elements (another name)

Therbligs

Production Line in the service sector

i.e. hostpial wait times

Avoidable delay

idle time that operator is SOLELY responsible

principles of motion economy #4

materials and tools should be located to permit best sequence of motions

allowance factor

usually 10-35%


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