2

A feature of crystallized intelligence is that it does not increase throughout the life span. True False

False

According to Piaget's stages of development, when children are in the concrete operational stage, they are more egocentric than when they are in the preoperational stage. True False

False

Ainsworth and her colleagues identified three major types of attachment: secure attachment, avoidant attachment, and ambiguous/resistant attachment. True False

False

At the postconventional level of adolescence, moral judgements are derived from authority figures. True False

False

Girls can become pregnant immediately after menarche. True False

False

Neurons carry messages from the axon terminals through the axon to the dendrites. True False

False

With age, there are very large declines in memory function, and these changes can never be reversed True False

False

You would not show any instinctive behaviors if you were born and raised separately from others in your family and/or species. True False

False

Which of the following is the correct order of prenatal development? Embryonic stage, germinal stage, fetal stage. Fetal stage, embryonic stage, germinal stage. Germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage. Germinal stage, zygotic stage, fetal stage.

Germinal stage, embryonic stage, fetal stage.

__________ form a fatty substance called myelin. Glial cells Neurotransmitters Red blood cells White blood cells

Glial cells

Which of the following is true of estrogen production in females? It stimulates the frontal lobes of the brain. It regulates the activity of the amygdala. It prevents the growth of pubic hair. It stimulates the growth of tissue in the hips.

It stimulates the growth of tissue in the hips.

If you are reading this academic text, you are most likely in the emerging adulthood period of development. Emerging adulthood means roughly spanning the ages of 18 to 25, during which many young people attend college and graduate school, sort out identity issues, and create life plans. True False

True

Newborn children do not know that it is necessary to eat to survive. They turn their head toward stimuli that prod or stroke the cheek, chin, or corner of the mouth. This is termed rooting. True False

True

Sacs called synaptic vesicles in the axon terminals contain neurotransmitters. True False

True

When children reared by adoptive parents are more similar to their natural parents in a particular trait, strong evidence exists for a genetic role in the development of that trait. True False

True

Piaget described human thought, or intelligence, in terms of the concepts of __________ and accommodation. socialization imprinting assimilation scaffolding

assimilation

According to ethologist Konrad Lorenz, __________ only occurs during a critical period of development. a refractory period attachment separation a comfort period

attachment

The __________ is a group of structures involved in memory, motivation, and emotion that forms a fringe along the inner edge of the cerebrum. corpus callosum circulatory system reticular formation limbic system

limbic system

The __________ lies below the hypothalamus and is dubbed the "master gland." reticular formation limbic system pituitary gland corpus callosum

pituitary gland

According to Piaget, the __________ is the second stage of cognitive development in children. preoperational stage sensorimotor stage concrete operational stage formal operational stage

preoperational stage

The _______ is the part of the nervous system that is involved with sensory and motor neurons which transmit messages about sights, sounds, smells, temperature, and body positions to the central nervous system. peripheral nervous system somatic nervous system central nervous system autonomic nervous system

somatic nervous system

When a neural impulse reaches the axon terminal of a neuron, the vesicles release varying amounts of neurotransmitters into the __________. myelin sheath dendrite synaptic cleft nucleus

synaptic cleft

In boys, pituitary hormones stimulate the testes to increase the output of __________, which in turn causes enlargement of the penis and testes and the appearance of body hair. insulin testosterone cortistatin oxytocin

testosterone

Which of the following statements is true of a neural impulse? A neural impulse jumps across a synaptic cleft like an electrical spark because of the polarization of chloride ions. The process by which a neural impulse travels is electrochemical. A neural impulse is carried by efferent neurons and not by afferent neurons. The strength of a neural impulse varies from high to low depending on the distance travelled by it.

The process by which a neural impulse travels is electrochemical.

A two-year-old child's family has a pet rabbit. When the family visits the zoo, the child sees a hamster for the first time and calls it a rabbit because of the physical features that are common to a rabbit and a hamster. According to Piaget, which cognitive process will most likely modify the child's understanding? stimulation attribution accommodation equilibration

accommodation