2.) Fredrick Taylor & Principles of Scientific Management

Taylor's 3rd principle MSM

intimate cooperation of management and workman ensures all work being done is in accordance with principles of science developed to avoid soldiering

Taylor's 2nd principle of SMS

management scientifically selects and trains, teaches, develops the workman instead of worker choosing own job and doing it best he could-this is basis for modern human resource practices

Taylor's inventions ranged from aspects of

organizational functioning to any operation that would save an individual time

Taylor's 1st principle of Scientific Management System (SMS)

each scientific method is developed for each element of work, which replaces the old rule of thumb methods

Taylor believed management's responsibility was to

establish a superior system that encouraged productivity and discouraged soldiering, rather than working to simply recruit superior employees

Today we are more concerned with

efficiency at the individual, group, and organizational levels of analysis and also with the ethical considerations for employees, managers, firms, and society overall

Taylor was concerned with poorly conceived

"rule of thumb" managers and employees used to carry out tasks, so he used early film tech to conduct time studies

Frederick Taylor wrote

Principles of Management in 1911

Taylor's system offered _____________ for workers

higher wages for workers than the old piece-rate system

Taylor noted that workers did not

improve performance based on their own initative, improvements were only made because better methods were taught to them by someone else

The idea of scientific principles and the one best way get at early notions intended to

increase organizational efficiencies

Early management consults like Taylor and the Gilbreths focused largely on ___________

individual performance

Taylor concluded by noting that the most successful societies were the ones where

individual workers were the most productive

Taylor wanted to examine the

most efficient methods for performing such tasks and provide a systematic means to establish "scientific principles" that should guide production

Taylor was also concerned with employee " "

soldiering, when workers systematiclly collaborated to reduce output by agreeing to work at certain rate that was less than optimal

Even under this system soldiering occurred, Taylor's system

sought to alleviate this problem for both the employee and employer

Challenges about tradeoffs between organizational efficiency and how that affects individuals continue to be

sources of fear as well as inspiration for workers, managers, entrepreneurs, and job seekers

One of the keys to success for Taylor (and Gilbreths) was

their superior implementation of technology

Taylor noticed

great inefficiencies in turn of century shops