206 Practice Test from ISBE

Organizing magnetic letters in ABC order

A Kindergarten teacher plans an activity to promote a child's understanding of the alphabetic principle. Which of the following activities would be most effective in achieving this goal? Note: The alphabetic principle is the Awareness that letters and letter patterns embody the sounds of spoken language. There are multitude of activities They can promote a child's understanding of this notion. Activities that help children name letters, recognize a letter shape, and identify the sounds that a letter represent help students build their language of the alphabetic principle. In this scenario, the teacher engages the child in an activity that helps the child identify the name of a letter and recognize the letter's shape.

Encouraging empathetic thinking with the children with questions such as, "why do you think he's crying?"

A Preschool teacher plans to use instructional strategies that integrate social emotional learning with curiosity and problem-solving. Which of the following activities would best promote this goal?

Reading skills by reinforcing their understanding of the relationship between sounds and letters.

A first grade teacher ensures students have ample opportunities to write during the day. For example, students frequently write, listen to stories, and engage in cooperative writing task with peers. Students are also provided many occasions to share their writing with the class. In addition to promoting students writing development, the teachers regular use of these activities most likely directly builds students: Note: Research shows that there are relationships between listening, speaking, reading, and writing. Writing help students develop reading skills, and reading helps them develop writing skills. First grade students learn to sound out words, identify words, and use their understanding of phonemic awareness to sound out words as they write. Frequent writing activities help students expand their understanding of sound and letter relationships which promotes their reading development.

Studying examples of how dance has been used in various celebrations and other types of events with students

A first grade teacher has talked with her students about dance and practice different dance movements with them. The teacher plans to explore the next relationship between dance in the past and present societies with students. Which of the following activities should the teacher engage students in next? Note: for students to begin to understand the many purposes of dance it is important for them to learn about the different ways dance has been used throughout history dance has always been used to express emotion and tell stories in celebrations and other events. By learning about many reasons people have dance students will learn how associated dance moves have evolved and how they are still relevant today.

Using site word flashcards in frequently played word games

A first grade teacher is introducing a new set of site words to her students (my, a, too, like, See, go, you, she, he). In addition to systematic instruction, which of the following students activities is likely to be most effective in reinforcing the students automatic recognition of the words? Note: Set words are typically words that students recognize almost immediately and can read without having to use decoding skills. Students learn site words through systematic, explicit instruction and practice and through repeated exposure towards during reading or writing activities. Students automatic recognition awards has increased the activities that successfully reinforce explicit instruction and site words, including use of flashcards and playing games using state words such as bingo, WORDsearch puzzles, and matching memory games.

Having students make posters illustrating what do you think is the most important about fire safety

A first grade teacher is working on fire safety and prevention unit with her class she has taught the students that fires need oxygen, fuel and heat. She has also taught students to identify exits in each room and how to call the fire department. Which of the following activities would likely reinforce the students understanding of these practices? Note: asking students to make a poster illustrating their ideas and learning about fire safety and prevention reinforces their understanding of the concept. When students are Engaged in their learning, they are processing and retaining information. Activities to promote active engagement in which students are expressing their own ideas about a topic reinforce students learning and keep students interested and on task.

Including books, music, and photographs in the classroom environment that originates from the students cultures

A first grade teacher learns that his class for the upcoming school year will include students from various cultural backgrounds with a number of home languages. The teacher wants to create an inclusive and respectful learning environment for the class. Which of the following teacher steps is likely to be most effective in promoting this goal? Note: the early childhood environment should look and feel welcoming for all children. We should include diverse and age-appropriate toys, dolls, books, magazines, pictures, and musical instruments. Teachers can help our children in the class feel important and included by including representations of many cultures and languages with which the children identify in the classroom. Creating a learning environment that respects diversity fosters children's positive self-concept and attitudes. Such an Environment assist children in developing positive ideas about respect For themselves and others, as well as facilitating the introduction of activities about differences and creating fear and inclusive communities.

Building on students daily authentic work and projects to determine progress

A first grade teacher plans to use performance assessment to measure her students reading comprehension abilities. Which of the following describes the greatest benefit of this type of assessment? Note: performance assessments require students to demonstrate that they have mastered specific skills and competencies by performing a process of producing a product. They systematically document what students know and can do based on activities they engage in on a daily basis in the classrooms. In addition performance assessment evaluates thinking skills and interpretation of facts and ideas. Performance assessments are the means for improving instruction and allow teachers to plan comprehensive, developmentally oriented curriculum based on their knowledge of each student.

Diagnostic assessments

A first grade teacher wants to plan instruction for her students based on their (individual strengths and needs.) Which of the following evaluations would be most effective for this purpose? Note: diagnostic assessments provide teachers with information about students prior knowledge and misconceptions before beginning a learning activity. They also provide a baseline for understanding how much learning has taken place after the learning activity is completed. Teachers usually build math concepts sequentially for students, and diagnostic assessments can inform the teacher about what necessary math concepts students have mastered or may need to review.

Ensuring that classroom activities are developmentally appropriate with realistic expectations of young children

A first year preschool teacher shares concerns with colleagues about some behaviors of children in her class. The preschool teacher explained that many of the children act silly. They are having trouble staying seated, and use loud voices even with strong classroom routines in place. Her colleague agrees to observe the class and records the following information. 1. During circle time, the children sat quietly and listen to the teacher read a big book with bright illustrations about a cricket. The story included simple language and rhyming words. Afterword, the teacher read a longer picture book with smaller illustrations and lengthy or sentences. Several children became restless and chatty, disrupting those listening to the story. 2. During independent tabletop activities children at one table grew frustrated with puzzles that contain many small pieces and we're hard to manipulate to fit in the right space. These children started acting silly and loud. However they remained at the table until it was time to transition to a new activity. 3. All children waited in line to wash their hands prior to snack. The children at the end of the line had trouble being quiet and keeping their body calm while waiting for their turn. Based on the colleagues notes, the preschool teacher should initially focus on: Note: A range of behavior characteristics are considered normal for children at a specific age or developmental level. For example young children who are asked to sit and listen to a story that does not interest them will have trouble Staying seated and quiet. Activities that are behind children's developmental level can be frustrating for young children to complete independently and can result in unwanted behavior. But ensuring day activities are developmentally appropriate, teachers can prevent over identifying students for special education services.

Providing the children with paper, finger paint, watercolors, paint brushes to paint the animals in the book

A home daycare provider takes care of four children ranging in the age from 2 to 4 years old. She reads the children a book with various illustrations of animals and showed them the pictures in the book as she reads. Which of the following are activities would be most developmentally appropriate for the teacher to engage the children in after reading the book? Note: A developmentally appropriate experience for children between the ages of two and four often focuses on a (process focused experience. ) Through process focused art, children approach art in an open ended manner and make their own decisions about what their art will look like providing children with different color paint and an option of finger or brush painting gives them the opportunity to create their own interpretation of an animal.

Are potentially at risk for school failure

A key benefit of preschool for all program in Illinois is that provide support to young children who? Note: The preschool for our program in Illinois it was designed to provide high-quality early childhood programs, practices, and services for children birth to eight years of age. The program gives particular attention to our risk children who need additional educational experiences providing preschool opportunities to at risk children give them the tools to be successful in kindergarten and grade school.

Enhancing the children's depth of learning through exploration of self selected materials

A kindergarten teacher allots a portion of each day for children to use classroom learning centers. The teacher monitors the children's engagement and extends the duration of the centers if the children are focused on activities involved. Which of the following statements describes the primary benefit of this approach?

Differentiating instruction for each child based on their strength needs and interests

A kindergarten teacher gathers information throughout the year about each child's ongoing process across developmental domains. the teacher maintains a folder for each child that includes checklist of skills like fine and gross motor, communication, social, a portfolio of work samples, and notes of teacher observations. In which of the following ways could the teacher most effectively use this information?

Motion and stability

A kindergarten teacher is beginning a new science unit with her class. As part of the unit, the teacher uses a ramp, a toy car, and a ping pong ball to demonstrate a concept. First the teacher place is a ping-pong ball at the bottom of the ramp. She places a toy car at the top of the ramp and ask the children to observe what happens when she lets the toy car roll down the ramp and hit the ping pong ball these materials help the teacher demonstrate which of the following science concepts? Note: In kindergarten, children begin to learn about various physical science concepts, including motion and stability. In this lesson, children learned that force change his disability or motion of an object. By using a toy car to hit and push the ping pong ball, the teacher demonstrates this concept with materials that are familiar to the children and in a way that the children can replicate themselves.

Engaging in a role-playing activity in which they act out and discuss different reactions to winning and losing a game

A kindergarten teacher observes a group of children playing tag during recess. During the game some children become upset after being tagged in if you begin to cry. She also observed some of the foster children loading and teasing others. The teacher plans to discuss the concept of good sportsmanship and positive behavior on the playground with the class. Which of the following activities would be most effective for the children to participate in after the discussion? Note: Development of sportsmanship which can be defined as respect for one's opponent and graciousness in winning or losing it's an important concept for children to learn when developing social skills. Children often enjoy playing games together and learning how to win and lose graciously makes the experience more positive for everyone involved. By discussing the concept of sportsmanship and then acting a possible reactions to winning and losing children can experience a different reactions feel for the person who wins and the person who loses. acting out these feelings and reactions has a lasting effect can be applied to real life situations.

How can we regularly share feedback with each other?

A kindergarten teacher placement with the special education teacher who will work with children in her class. The teachers want to build a positive, collaborative relationship for the upcoming school year. Which of the following question should a kindergarten teacher as a special education teacher to meet this goal? Note: research shows that regular opportunities to constructively share experiences and feedback builds positive and collaborative relationships between colleagues. Through regular communication, teachers can inform each other of important development of individual children and the group as a whole. They can share ideas about best practices and this and ideas. Regular opportunities to share information improve the learning environment for both teachers and children.

Using a Web to brainstorm people in the school community and authority like a crossing guard

A kindergarten teacher plans a social science lesson designed to support children in the beginning to explore the roles and responsibilities of people in authority which of the following whole class instructional strategies would be best initially support their development of this concept? Note: Social science concepts can be abstract for children, and can be difficult to understand beyond their own experiences. Using a web to brainstorm about people in authority of children to activate prior knowledge and visually connect people to the term authority. This strategy helps build background knowledge about the new concept and allows for future lessons to expand upon it.

Promoting children's tangible understanding of math concepts and skills they learn

A kindergarten teacher uses the concrete representation abstract (CRA) method of teaching children number sense. Which of the following rational describes the primary purpose of this approach? Note: the concrete representational abstract known as CRA approach is a three-part instructional strategy. In the concrete stage the teacher instruct children by modeling each math concept with concrete materials. In the representational stage, the teacher uses circles, dots, tallies and other counters to show how concrete objects can be represented in other ways. In the abstract stage the teacher uses only numbers, notation or mathematical symbols to represent original concrete materials. In the CRA model, the child begins with visual and or tangible understanding of a concept And eventually can extend their understanding to an abstract level of thinking.

Playing tambourine and encouraging the children to move their bodies to music

A kindergarten teacher was like my physical movement with an introductory music lesson and rhythm. Which of the following teacher activities would be most developmentally appropriate for this purpose? Note: At this developmental level, it is important for children to have opportunities to explore music actively before being assigned more structured musical activities. Playing the tambourine in a steady beat and allowing children to move their bodies gives them an opportunity to be physically active while reinforcing the concept of rhythm. Each child has the opportunity to choose an individual movement or a series of moments to be physically active and to express individuality.

Enriching their oral language development

A new student whose home language is not English recently joined the first grade class. The teacher communicates to the students parents through a translator and suggest that they read to their child every night and continue to speak to each other in their home language as much as possible. This practice benefits English language learners primarily in which of the following ways? Note: Encouraging parents to read and speak to their children in their home language develops their children's expressive and receptive language skills. Developing solid literacy skills in the home language is beneficial before learning to speak and read a new language children who have learned concepts at home and their first language can readily transfer this knowledge to a second language. Maintaining a home language maintains a connection to their home culture and contributes to successful acquisition of other languages.

cognitive development

A nine month old child has just learned to crawl. The early childhood teacher creates a safe floor space for the child to explore and provide enticing and assessable toys and activities like toys and little bins, tunnels, and slides. Through these actions, the teacher is directly promoting the child's:

Promote access to supportive resources for families of babies and young children who are at risk or who have disabilities or delays.

A nine month old infant with a physical delay is referred to early intervention services. The primary purpose of early intervention services is to? Note: The mission of early intervention program is to assure the families who have infants and toddlers ages birth to three years old with diagnose disabilities, developmental delays, or substantial risk for significant delays receive resources that are system and maximizing their child's development, while respecting the diversity of families and communities. Early intervention is a system of services that provide information to families and guardians, evaluations of children, and access to necessary services.

Seek free referrals and information about child care from local or online childcare resource agency

A parent mentions to her son's early childhood teacher that a family member is in need of affordable childcare and ask the teacher for direction. The teacher should suggest that the family member first? Note: free referrals and information about childcare can be found at a local early childhood agency or online. These resources include information about childcare who have the necessary and required childcare accreditation and credentials. By having information about our childcare options available, families can make sound decisions that work best for them and their child.

Track the child's growth and tailor instruction to meet his or her needs

A preschool education teacher regularly uses progress monitoring assessments to evaluate the language development of a child in her class with a language delay. The primary purpose of this assessment is to:

Offer a range of experiences to meet the varied developmental levels of children in the class

A preschool teacher has set up an open ended sand and water center in her classroom. The teacher includes a variety of materials in the center including small shovels buckets,sifters, measuring cups and spoons, shelves twigs , and plastic animals. The teacher approach reflects the principle that materials in the center should: Note: Opening the learning centers provide differentiated experiences by including a sort of learning materials that can be used in a variety of ways by children within Classroom, regardless of differences in ability. By including many different manipulatives in the sand and water center the teachers providing flexibility for the children's learning experiences within the center. The manipulatives can be used for pretend play, exploring science concepts of floating and sinking, mathematical concepts of measuring and building, or combination of all of these.

Knowing what is individually appropriate for each child's interests and abilities

A preschool teacher is designing curriculum for the children in her classroom. Which of the following steps is associated with developmentally appropriate practice for preschoolers?

Build positive and supportive relationships with children

A preschool teacher provides an appropriate environment by ensuring that materials, toys, and areas of the classroom are child proofed and safe for children to explore. Materials and toys are available to children are safe and age-appropriate. The classroom is structured so that if children ask to engage with the material or resource, the answer is usually yes rather than no. The teacher most likely establishes the classroom in such away in order to: Note: the teacher in this scenario created a positive learning environment to the structure of the classroom. Having a Classroom that is designed for preschool children such as ample space, safe areas, age appropriate materials, and toys helps the general atmosphere be positive. For example instead of hearing no you can't go there or you can't use that way children mostly here yes you can just directly helps the teacher build a positive relationship with children.

Encouraging the mother to follow a predictable routine with her child and allow him to stay close to her when he expresses the need

A recent tornado caused damage in the community in which in early childhood teacher works. The mother of a 15-year-old reports that since the tornado had displaced her family, her son became clingy, wants to be carried most of the time, and has trouble falling asleep at night. The mother asked early childhood teacher for suggestions for supporting her child and healing from the trauma of the tornado. Which of the following suggestions should a teacher make to address the mothers concern?

Wearing safety goggles

A second grade students are participating in a science lesson that involves stretching rubber bands over pegs. Which of the following safety procedures should the teacher ensure students to follow related to this lesson? Note: There are many learning activities that have the potential to be unsafe without proper precautions and instructions. Within the area of science, there are numerous fascinating experiments that students can participate in with specific safety guidelines provided by teachers. One science activity involves working with potential fine objects such as rubber bands student should wear safety goggles to protect her eyes.

Visiting in developing a model to represent the types of land and bodies of water in the local city or town

A second grade teacher is beginning a science unit with her students on earth systems. Which of the following activities would be most developmentally appropriate for the teacher to conduct with the class for this unit? Note: the experiment described is the most developmentally appropriate for building the students understanding of scientific concept of our systems. It is important when learning about earth systems and other scientific concepts to begin with topics to which students can relate. By the beginning of the study of earths system with a study of local geographic features, students can see the locations they are learning about and then re-create them from their own firsthand experiences

Creating an acrostic poem using plant vocabulary

A second grade teacher is beginning of science unit on plants. The objective for the first lesson of the unit will be for students to identify what plants need to grow. Which of the following activities would be most effective for integrating English language arts into the science lesson? Note: integrating science content across curriculum areas helps reinforce students understanding of science concepts in various capacities. An acrostic poem is a tool to help students brainstorm and organize words. Creating an acrostic poem with recently learn science vocabulary helps increase the students understanding of the science curriculum and combines the two content areas.

Behaviors that influence the healthy functioning of the body such as cleanliness and exercise

A second grade teacher is introducing a unit in human body systems to her class. The lesson that would be most developmentally appropriate for this grade level would include teaching the students to identify: Note: as part of the Illinois learning standards for physical involvement and help students learn about human anatomy and physiology, nutrition, stages of growth and development, avoidance of harmful actions, and characteristics of good health habits to achieve helpful individual development. Early learners start with the basic recognition of body systems and growth stages. In the Illinois learning standards, students in the early elementary grades learn about the effects of health related actions and body systems by learning to identify healthy actions that influence the functions of the human body.

A short documentary titled different neighborhoods

A second grade teacher plans a social science unit in which students will identify some cultural and environmental characteristics of their community and compare the characteristics to other places. Which of the following instructional resources were best support the goal of this lesson? Note: A short documentary titled different neighborhoods as a resource as important as lessons intent. The teacher would like students to be able to compare the traits of the community to those of another community and a video would help the students visualize other neighborhoods. Video resources provided are useful alternative when students are not able to physically visit places about which they are learning.

Integration of math and science skills

A second grade teacher plans to make play dough with her students. She illustrates the playdough recipe on a large poster board as shown below: Playdough 2cups=flour 1 cup= 💦 water 1/2 cup= salt Mix all ingredients in a large bowl add more water if needed The students work in small groups to measure the necessary ingredients and mix them together. They write down what happens to the ingredients at each stage of activity. This activity best promote students (blank)? Note: This lesson integrates math and science learning and one hand on activity. By combining more than one subject and one activity, the teacher shows students that academic subjects are not separate from each other and the information they learned can be applied to multiple situations. Through lesson such as this one students realize the real world relevance of lessons, which reinforces and deepens students learning.

Describing the theme, idea, feeling, or story within a song or musical composition

A second grade teacher plans to provide a learning experience That combines music and language arts. Which of the following activities would best integrate these two content areas for second grade students? Note: integrating students learning in the fine arts with learning experiences in other content areas reinforces learning in each continent area involved. By listening to a selection of music and then describing the theme, idea, feeling, or story within it, students are learning to interpret and understand the music more fully. This practice also helps students realize that the concepts of a theme, idea, and story are not limited to language arts but can be applied to other academic areas as well.

Creating a simple map that shows important features of a story's setting

A second grade teacher would like to integrate the study of geography with language arts. Which activity would be most appropriate for the teacher to assign students that would promote vocabulary development during a (geography lesson)? Note: The integration of more than one academic area into one that's in hub students make connections between various disciplines. In this lesson, language arts and geography are integrated by having students read a story and then recall the setting to create a simple map. This activity reinforces students comprehension of the story and fosters their geography skills through the application of creating a map.

Encouraging children's linguistic creativity and self expression

A teacher of two and three year old children often engages them in conversation. For example, when a child is playing with teddy bears, she will ask "what are the bears doing today?" When a child is paying she will say, "please tell me about this interesting picture that you are making!" Which of the following benefits is the most closely attributed to this practice?

Online translator

A technological resources that could help students develop vocabulary. It is most effective for students who have vocabulary and reading experience and their home language and can translate unknown English words into their home language. This resource is helpful for independent reading because students have on-demand vocabulary which can immediately help their comprehension and support vocabulary development.

Thinking out loud in order to self direct learning

A three-year-old preschool or is playing independently at the rug building a house out of blocks. While working on the house the child says, "no, not the yellow one. The black one would be better for the route." according to the theories of Lev Vygotsky the child's behavior could best be described as?

graphic organizer

A visual aid to help organize information, requiring students to generate various uses or multiple ways of understanding something. A graphic organizer is a visual display that demonstrates relationships between facts, concepts, or ideas. Or graphic organizer guides the learners thinking as they fill in and build upon a visual map or diagram. A graphic organizer such as a word that promotes vocabulary development by encouraging students to think about terms or concepts in multiple ways. In this activity students gain a better understanding of the word achieved by using it in various ways through Developing definitions identifying synonyms, and antonyms, drawing a picture, and using the word in a sentence.

Number and quality of interactions the infant has with primary caregivers.

According to research, the factor that has been shown to have the greatest influence on an infant language development is the: Note: caregivers who interact thoughtfully, frequently, and promptly with infants provide a positive model for shared communication. Early reciprocal interactions provide a model for back-and-forth patterns that are important for social communication. In infancy children may respond to a caregivers voice by making eye contact, smiling or cooing. These experiences provide the foundation for understanding the rules of turn taking in conversations their children will eventually use when communicating with others.

A students home language skills positively contribute to our students writing skills in English

According to research, which of the following statements best describes how students on language skills affect the students English writing development? Example: A first grade teacher regularly asked students to plan and write down what they will do before engaging in an activity. The teachers working with an English language learner in the class who has strong home language skills and whose home language has similar alphabetic system to English. The student shares that he plans to use blocks and writes the following sentence in English. I mk a T. (I make a tower.) Note: research Shows at home language skills contribute positively to second language skills early writing skills, such as better formation, spacing between words, and the fact that letters represent sounds, are the transferable from one language to another, specifically when they share the same alphabetic system. Students home language skills can be applied to the acquisition of English writing skills.

Communication and interaction patterns

According to the family systems theory, teachers can better serve children and families by considering which of the following characteristics of a family? Note: Family systems theory suggest that individuals cannot be understood in isolation From one another, but rather as a part of their family, as a family is an emotional unit. Family systems theory focuses on family behavior rather than individual behavior. The theory considers communication and interaction patterns in the context of a hoe and can't explain why members of a family behave the way they do it given situation.

Ensuring the students have an understanding of the types of transportation

Example: A first grade teacher will read aloud a story about types of transportation. The student will then answer comprehension questions about the story. Which of the following should the teacher do first before reading the story to the class? A common reading comprehension strategy used with emergent readers is to provide background knowledge on the content of the story. This can mean introducing them to the information and experiences that the teacher reader must possess in order to make the right inferences. This usually includes a discussion with the group about what they already know and would like to know about the topic prior to hearing the story or reading the book.

The child's Nonverbal stage of English language development

After the first month of school, a preschool Teacher plans to informally assess children's language development by recording brief conversations with individual children during play. The teacher records the following conversation with a child who is an English language learner: T: I see you're playing with the red car. Do you like playing with cars? Child: (nods head yes) T: do you like playing with trucks too? C: eye contact. No response. T: here are some trucks if you'd like to play with them. C: reaches for a truck to use Which of the following consideration should the teacher make when continuing to monitor the child's language development? Note: when assessing an English language learners language development, it is important for teachers to consider the development sequence of second language acquisition. Typically children who have no English language skills first use their home language to communicate with others. As they learn that others are using a different language, They enter a nonverbal stage, where they listen to the language spoken but use nonverbal language to communicate, such as nodding their head, pointing and miming.

Speech Emergence

An 8 year-old student who is an English language learner has recently joined the second grade class. She can communicate in English with simple phrases and sentences and has English vocabulary of 3000 words. She often makes grammar and production errors and misunderstands jokes. Which of the following stages of second language acquisition best describes the students present level? Note: The student described above is that a speech emergence level of second language acquisition. Students learning a Second language move through five predictable stages: Pre-production, early production, speech emergence, intermediate fluency, in advance fluency. The speed at which students progress through the stages depends on many factors including level of formal education and length of time exposed to language.

Providing materials they consider that interest about children in the class

An early childhood teacher works in a classroom with three and four-year-olds every morning she places materials and each table such as puzzles, art supplies, and Play-Doh. The children choose an activity to play with and sit at a table as other children arrive. Which of the following factors would be most important to consider when setting up the materials? Note: in this scenario, the teachers Goal is to encourage children and productive activities while they wait for their classmates to arrive at school. When the teacher provides a variety of activities and materials that appeal to our children in the class, it is more likely that they will feel included and remain interested in activities. Consistent daily routines foster each child sense of security and choice making and risk-taking skills which intern facilitate greater learning opportunities.

Talking about the blocks as an infant play with them

An early childhood teacher works in a daycare center she sits on the floor to play with a 9-month- old infant who is interested in a bucket of plastic blocks that can be easily stacked together. Which of the following teacher actions would best engage the infant and encourage communication? Note: At this age, infants may be able to speak a few words and most intense practice speaking by babbling nonsense words. Teachers and families play a critical role in developing language rich learning environments. Adding words or questions to wear an infinity doing such as you have the pink black encourages communication and models language for the infant.

Viewing parents and guardians as partners who know and can advocate for their children best

An interdisciplinary team needs to discuss a two-year-old who has a developmental delay. The team includes the child occupational therapist, education teacher, and her mother. The following discussion takes place. The child's mother: I'm concerned that my daughter will get wet in the water table. I know she'll struggle holding objects that whole water or pour water out. Teacher: I understand your concern. We do have a water table. I'm happy to work with your daughter when she chooses to use the water table. Would that alleviate your concerns? Parent: i'm still worried that she will get wet. She will get very frustrated. The therapist. I can show her teacher how to help her hold the objects at the water table. They can practice until your daughter feels comfortable using them. Do you think that plan could work? The child's mother: yes. I think that's a very good idea. This conversation demonstrates which of the following techniques for involving families in the planning of young children with exceptionalities? Note: Parents and guardians are their child's first teachers and they are experts about their own children. Early childhood teachers, special education teachers, and other staff are experts in various aspects of education. Through combining parents and guardians input about their children with professional knowledge, educators can develop the best and most appropriate plan for each child.

Having students create a map of the classroom

As an introductory lesson on mapping a second grade teacher reads aloud a book of her past the book is about a girl who makes a map of her bedroom for a school assignment and she enjoys it so much she also maps out all the places her dog likes to go. The book provides exclamations of specific map vocabulary and the teacher writes his words on the board as she reads. Which of the following activities would be most effective for the teacher to use as a follow-up to reading the book? Note: in this scenario the students learn how to maps are applicable to ones every day life. An introductory activity of mapping out the classroom gives the students opportunity to understand the layout of a familiar place as a basis for map reading. By becoming familiar with the components of a map, students will become able to apply mapping skills to places with which they are less similar.

Limiting the capacity of children in each center

At the beginning of the school year, a kindergarten teacher sets up her classroom to include learning centers. She arranges her room with the reading area, and art center, a black area, and an area for dramatic play. Which of the following CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT STRATEGY would be most effective to encourage positive social interactions among the children at each learning center? Note: Learning centers in a kindergarten classroom can be more successful and easily managed when the number of children at each center is limited. Most children's behavior will start to deteriorate if their personal space is violated. This often happens if there are too many children in one area or center. Limiting the number of children age center helps to reduce stress for children and allows each child more access to materials.

Helping children gain a sense of security

At the beginning of the school year, a preschool teacher plans daily routines of the class the teacher decided that every day with the children arrive at school they will first thing of the backpacks for their assigned cubbies and then choose a tabletop activity. After the tabletop activities the children clean up and join a teacher at carpet for Teacher led stories and songs. Which of the following rationales describes the primary benefit of establishing daily routines for children? Note: Children feel more secure when their lives are predictable. Young children do not yet fully understand the concept of time. But they are aware of events that happened. One event happened in the same order every day children have a better understanding of their world and therefore feel more secure. A regular schedule gives children a way to order and organize their lives. When young children know what to expect and become more confident in both themselves and in the world around them.

Young children's oral language development plays a key role in the development of literacy skills

At the beginning of the school year, a preschool teacher sent home a letter requesting that parents and guardians participate in various oral language enrichment activities with their children. The teacher request include the following: Play simple roaming games with your children (cat/hat/bat) sing familiar songs with your child and it's silly and fun words and verses ( baaa,baa, black cow, twinkle twinkle little mouse) Which of the following statements best explains the research base rationale for the teachers request? Note: through interactive play in conversation with caregivers, children learn to interact with their environment and acquire cognitive, speech, and language skills. Research has demonstrated four different types of play with language, including playing with sounds and noises to form words, playing with linguistics system to recognize the structure in ordering of words in sentences, spontaneous rhyming and word play, and playing with the conventions of speech. Exploring these various elements of language orally generates a foundation for the use of these elements in literacy.

Engaging the student in activities that build phonemic awareness such listening to the sounds of words in songs

Based on the scenario below, which of the following STRATEGIES would be Most appropriate for the teacher to use to promote students WRITING competence? Scenario: A first grade teacher regularly asked students to plan and write down what they will do before engaging in an activity. The teacher is working with an English language learner in the class who has a strong home language skills and whose home language has similar alphabetic system to English. The student shares that he plans to use blocks and writes the following sentence in English. I mk a T. (I make a tower.) Note: Phonemic awareness activities help students understand the variety of sounds that can be found in individual words. Activities that involve seeing songs and reciting nursery rhymes are a particularly helpful and fun way to help students hear the sounds in words. When students can differentiate the sounds in the words, they are able to convey that awareness in writing. In this scenario, helping the student hear the sound in words can help them transfer that knowledge to writing.

Nursery rhymes

Example: A kindergarten teacher would like to build a children's phonological awareness for practicing addition or substitution of phonemes in one syllable words to make a new words. Which of the following genres of children's literature were most likely be most appropriate for the teachers intent? Note: Phonemes are the smaller units of language. Final logical awareness is a broad skill that includes identifying and manipulating units of oral language, including words, syllables, concepts, and rains. Nursery rhymes are known to contain rhyming words like wall and fall which can help students recognize that by changing just one sound in the word a new word can be made.

Concepts About Print (CAP)

Concepts of print-basic understanding of reading and can be viewed as basic knowledge about how books and print in general are used. Example: During an informal assessment, a kindergarten teacher ask a child to demonstrate what he knows about books. The child points at words on the front cover and says,"this is the name of the book." The child then open the book and says, "I can read it like this." Holding the book correctly, the child opens the cover and begins telling a story while pointing to the words on pages. And the last page the child says, "the end." The child actions suggest that he is beginning to understand (blank)? Note: concepts of print our basic understandings of reading and can be viewed as basic knowledge about how books and print in general are used. Concepts of print include reading from left to right, reading from top to bottom, Understanding the letters and words convey a message, the returned sweep which means to move from one line to the next, that illustrations in a book corresponds to the print, and that every book has a front, a back and an author. Understanding of concepts of print is an important step in children's development of literacy.

Practices to effectively support home language of English language learners in a kindergarten classroom

Engaging children and storytelling activities that include vocabulary from their home language and reflect their home cultures

Role of text features in a book

Example: A second grade teacher is planning a lesson and nonfiction books to gain information about how to use a table of contents. She displays the following example on the board for the students and ask them to identify the page number for finding information about each type of animal described. Table of contents Cats ................Page 5 Dogs...............Page 11 Birds.................Page 26 Which of the following skills is a teacher promoting during this lesson? Note: text features are elements included in books that exist independently from the books main text. They are intended to enhance readers experiences with the text. Some example of text features are the table of contents, the index, and the glossary. Students learn how to access various information and books more quickly and efficiently through the use of text features.

Inferential

Example: A second grade teacher writes the following sentence from the students reading assignment on the board in the classroom. (Dark clouds rolled in, and Manny strained to see.) She then asked her students to answer this question: "Why do you think Manny strained to see?" Which of the following levels of comprehension is the teacher assessing by having them complete this task? An inference it's a literally device used commonly in literature and in daily life or logical deductions are made based on premise is assumed to be true. To understand inferences, students must be able to generate information that is not specifically stated in the text. In this example, the student must be able to infer that the dark clouds made it difficult for many to see, possibly because a storm is coming.

Writing can represent spoken language

Example: A four-year-old child drawing shown below and shares it with his preschool teacher. The child says: LOOK WHAT I WROTE! MY BROTHER LIVES HOS NEW HAT. (Mock Letters) Which of the following conclusions would be most appropriate for the teacher to make regarding this child's understanding of written language? Note: In writing development, young children begin to understand the writing is made up of lines, curves, and repeated patterns. In the pre-phonemic stage of writing, young children typically develop from scribbling to drawing and then to mock letters as seen above. Children of this age may not yet right actual letters for main components of letters in their drawing and writing. During this phase children may write words or sentences and then tell you what the word says. It is helpful for children to become a custom to sharing the writing in this way and it is important step toward formal reading and writing and it represents spoken language.

short vowel sounds

Example: A first grade teacher asked her students to write one sentence in the writing journals about their favorite thing in their bedroom. The following is an example of one student writing: I lik my bad. (I like my bed.) In this stage of development, which of the following concepts should the teacher focus? Note: Students who are beginning to spell are able to develop an understanding of the alphabetic principle and the link between letters and sounds. Students in the stage frequently use the beginning and ending continents when writing and are beginning to learn short vowel patterns and CVC words. The student demonstrates an understanding of consonant sounds and is ready to learn appropriate spelling for short vowel sounds.

The importance of incorporating literacy-based routines into the classroom to promote literacy

Example: A preschool teacher regularly has children in the class transition from snack to tabletop activities where children can choose to play with letter puzzles, magnetic letters, and ABC books, or utilize a variety of writing materials like whiteboard, erasable markers. After tabletop activities, children transition to the carpet, where the teacher sing songs that include rhymes and alliteration and reads aloud big books. The scenario best reflects the teachers understanding of (blank)? Note: daily routines can help promote literacy. Research shows that regular meaningful interactions with literacy-based activities promote literacy development. By regularly engaging with literacy materials like magnetic letters, letter puzzles, children learn how to use the materials and consequently gain a deeper understanding of literacy concepts related to the material like letter recognition. Since predictable routine to help children feel secure enough to explore, literacy-based routines help children develop their literacy skills.

Labeling different parts of plants that help them survive and grow

Example: a first grade teacher considers science activities to support students understanding of concepts related to life sciences. Which of the following student activities with best support the teachers goal? Note: life sciences include the study of living things, such as plants and animals. Student exploration of areas of life science becomes the building blocks of science inquiry and factual knowledge for subsequent science learning. I having students label different parts of the plant that are essential to the survival students are building a foundation of science concepts related to the life sciences.

Providing examples of each word in a variety of contacts like having children pack luggage in the play area.

Example: a kindergarten teacher plans a unit of transportation and consider strategies to facilitate the acquisition of English vocabulary for children in the class whose first language is not English. For example, the teacher plans to introduce new words with the use of concrete objects like luggage, and find the words using child friendly language. Which of the following additional strategies would best support children's acquisition of English vocabulary? Note: English language learners need words to express themselves and learn new concepts, both in their home language and in English. They are best practices for teaching young children to learn English vocabulary that include: introducing the new word using concrete objects, explaining the Word in child friendly language, giving examples of the word in many contexts, using the word at every opportunity, and acknowledging the child's attempt at using the new word.

Composing an opinion piece in which students expressed a preference for one of the books like my favorite book is using drawings and writings

Example: a kindergarten teacher uses informational text to build students knowledge about whether as a part of science unit on earth systems. The teacher reads aloud three short picture books related to weather, and the students are provided opportunities to view each book independently and also participate in class discussion about each book. The teacher would like to integrate writing into the science activity. Which student writing activity would be most appropriate for this lesson? Note: providing children with early writing opportunities is a meaningful way to facilitate their abilities to convey their thoughts and opinions and to develop language and literacy learning. Young children have an innate curiosity about the natural world around them that motivates their learning; therefore science is a logical area in which to incorporate early writing opportunities. Encouraging kindergartners to right opinion pieces as part of science lesson is developmentally appropriate. It also supportive of their language and literacy skills and science content knowledge.

Using an open number line

Example: a second grade teacher gives students the following math problem. Carrie has a trading car collection. She started with 67 trading cards, then she bought 20 more cards. How many cards does Curie have now? The students have learned to use 100 chart and ones and 10 blocks in solving problems. Which of the following strategies would be most effective for the teacher to suggest the students to use to solve this problem? Note: the open number line is a useful strategy for multi digit computation, and is also useful in solving problems that involve regrouping. The open number line also help students understand how addition and subtraction are related, and enables them to estimate the results of multi digit subtraction more effectively than they might be able to otherwise. It is important for students to develop a strong understanding of concepts behind various problems and operations before memorizing algorithms.

Collect and organize data

Example: during sharing time, first grader Daniel excitedly tells her teacher, Mr. Fisher, "I got new red sneakers yesterday!" Another student raises her hand and says,"I have red sneakers, too!" Other students are excited to share the color of their shoes as well. One student asks, "which color has the most shoes?" Mr. Fisher suggest that they try and answer that question by creating a chart like the one shown below. Red ///// // Blue // Pink ///// Mr. Fisher's suggestion will most effectively support the students mathematical skills by fostering their ability to: Note: collecting and organizing data is an important skill that students can learn after they recognize attributes of and sort objects. By relating sorting skills to the creation of charts and graphs, students move from the use of concrete representations of data to more symbolic ones. Tally charts are clear and more formal way to collect and organize data and can be applied to organization of data in every day situations.

Recall specific elements within the story

Example: students in second grade class are filling in a story map graphic organizer after listening to a folktale real loud by the teacher. This activity promote students comprehension skills primarily by developing their ability to (blank)? Note: A story map as a graphic organizer strategy that is used to help students learn the elements of a book or story. When creating a story map, students identify important and specific elements from the text such as characters, plot, setting, problem, And solution of the text. A visual guide of the structure of the story, such as a story map, allows students to recall specific events in and organize weight and facilitates comprehension.

Extending a personal welcome to each parent or guardian and establishing regular communication with them through the most convenient method for their family

First grade teacher would like to increase parent guardian participation in classroom and school events. A number of parents guardians have expressed that they feel school participation can be intimidating for adults. Some parents have also mentioned to their teacher that they can or should be teachers responsibility and home is families responsibility. And which of the following ways: teaching was affectively overcome these barriers with families? Note: To successfully engage parents and guardians, teachers must recognize and work to reduce the barriers that interfere with positive relationships. They welcoming parents guardians individually to their classroom teachers are communicating to them that their presence and participating in a child's learning experience is desired and encouraged. Through frequent communication that is convenient for the family teachers can establish an ongoing relationship and parents and guardians trust in each other and the school in general will grow.

Share materials

For children to play with others independently at a learning center, they must first have learned how to (blank)? Note: Learning to share materials that belong to the classroom is an important skill for children to develop. Classroom and senators are often provide it with limited materials and supplies, which makes sharing necessary for successful learning. Once children are able to take turns and share objects found in center activities, they are usually able to interact successfully and play independently with others.

What are some changes in behavior due to trauma?

Frequent temper tantrum's, problems sleeping, increased desire to be with a parent or guardian, loss of a developmental skills such as toileting.

phoneme categorization

IDENTIFY words that don't belong in a set Example: A kindergarten teacher reads the following set of for words: bed, bath, bug, cap to a small group of children. The teacher asked the children to identify which word doesn't belong in the group. Which of the following areas of phonemic awareness does this activity promote? Note: Phonemic awareness is ability to notice, think about, and work with individual sounds in spoken words. Before children learn to read, they must become aware of sounds in words and how they work together. In phenomenal categorization activities, children demonstrate that they can determine which sounds are the same and which are different in words. Participating in numerous types of phonemic awareness activities contribute to children's reading progress.

Why do you think it is watery?

In early childhood education teacher feels an empty water table up and recently fallen snow. Next to the table she put shovels, buckets and pairs of mittens for the children to wear. As her children begin to play at the snow table, one says "oh it's getting watery!" Which of the following questions with best for the teacher to ask the child to foster scientific thinking? Note: hands-on Experiences promote young children's acquisition of science learning. Encouraging children to play with snow directly and with intention promotes their engagement and inquiry. The teachers question to the child pastors reflection and reasoning directly related to the children's observation and excited thinking about the observation.

Social development

In early childhood education teacher is planning the classroom and Merriman for three and four-year-old children. She creates centers in the room for art, dramatic play, sensory activities, and building with blocks. Within each of these centers, she has shelves and containers labeled with pictures and words, such as Kranz, blacks, and cars. This practice is likely to promote the children skills in literacy and ( blank) ? Note: Labeling shelves in containers with pictures and words in an early childhood setting allows children to know where supplies are stored. Overtime children become familiar with the environment and can use the pictures and words on the boxes and find items for themselves. Instead of asking an adult wear a toy or item belong the system gives the children the necessary tools to be independent and become self-reliant learners.

Sitting with support and then independently

In early childhood educator notes that a four month old infant can roll over front to back and back to front. According to typical stages of motor skill development which of the following gross motor skills should the teacher expect the child to learn next? Note: Gross motor skills are those which require large muscle groups and whole body movement. Although there are variations there a typical and predictable stages involved in girls motor development. In a typical development after learning to roll over an infant typically learns to set up with assistance and then to sit independently.

Picking up infant and noting if the crying subsides

In early childhood educator observes a 10 week old infant gazing at a hanging mobile wallowing on her back. Occasionally the infant swats at the mobile and smiles or coos. Several minutes later, the teacher notices that the infant turns her head to avoid looking at the mobile and starts to cry. The infant crying escalates and intensifies during the next minute. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the teacher to take to meet the infants needs related to emotional regulation?

Engaging the child and games that require her to make a request using vocalization like blowing more bubbles from a wand.

In early childhood educator would like to promote a speech development of a nine month old by motivating her to produce words. Which of the following strategies is most developmentally appropriate to address the teachers goal? Note: Infants at this age are not typically able to speak many words, all of the often understand words and can see beginning words such as dada and mama. Vocalization is an infants attempt to speak, and positively reinforcing the child attempt to speak will promote the children's production of words. When a teacher waits to blow bubbles until the child makes a vocalization that is intended to request the bubbles, it reinforces the child's understanding that language is important and can help achieve their wants and needs.

Encouraging social interactions

In early childhood teacher for three year olds would like to set up a dramatic play area with realistic toys and clothes for the children to dress up in this activity bus promotes the development of children by? Note: research shows dramatic plays beneficial for the development of young children. Dramatic play allows children to try and various roles in the safety of the classroom with teacher guidance. These experiences encourage the development of social skills such as sharing and taking turns and cooperation as well as providing opportunities to explore the dimension of drama.

Wide crayons

In early childhood teacher plans art activities for children in the class. Which of the following Art materials is most appropriate for an 18 month old toddler to use for these activities? Note: Their are 4 stages of children's artistic development scribbling, pre-symbolism, symbolism, and realism. All children begin drawing by scribbling. In selecting appropriate art materials, it is important to provide children with the medium that enables them to begin to gain control of the scribbles, such as white crayons that are easy to hold.

reading comprehension

The ability to read text, process it, and understand its meaning Example: A second grade teacher notes that a student takes longer than average to read various grade level texts. The student sounds choppy when reading aloud and rarely reads in phrases or with proper intonations. These factors will most directly affect the students (blank)? Note: Reading comprehension includes ability to read text, processes, and understand its meaning one factor that contributes to successful reading comprehension is fluency. Fluency is the speed accuracy and expression that a person uses when reading a text. When a student must stop at each word and spend time trying to pronounce it or determine its meaning, the student does not develop an overall understanding of the text. By improving fluency, the student will be able to concentrate less and each word and more on the concept of what is being read.

In the child's most natural learning environment

Part C of the individuals with disabilities education act primarily regulates that early intervention services should be provided Note: Party of individuals with disabilities education act states that early intervention services should be provided in a child's most natural learning environment. Were infants and toddlers typically learn is where they naturally spend the most time home or playground. To the maximum extent possible, services should be provided in the setting most comfortable to the child and his or her family.

Can we find food for the ants?

Preschool class is playing outside in a group of children discover some carpenter ants in the dirt. The children are excited about the ants and ask the teacher if they can keep them in the classroom. The teacher decides to build on the students natural curiosity and begins a discussion about how to make a habitat for the ants to live in. Which of the following questions is most important for the children to consider when observing the ants and deciding how to make a habitat? Note: Young children learn scientific concepts by naturally exploring nature and through hands-on investigative experiences. In this scenario the teachers building upon the children's interest and teaching them about habitats. When creating a habitat for living things, it is important for children to first learn the basic needs of ants in order for them to survive.

Building a Sandcastle cooperatively with two other children

Several kindergartners are playing in a large sandbox on the schoolyard playground. Which of the following activities demonstrates the most developmentally advance type of play?

How to help a child deal with trauma?

Strategies such as keeping to a routine, talking about the event, naming emotions, and providing verbal and physical reassurance to the child we needed our ways to help children feel safe when dealing with trauma.

Headings and Subheadings

Tells us what the major sections of a chapter will be about Example: A second grade teacher is planning a lesson to teach students how to use nonfiction text features to help them locate and use information to answer questions. The teacher considers selecting various nonfiction texts that can specifically promote students abilities to identify main topics while skimming through the text. To best serve the lessons purpose, the teacher should choose a nonfiction text that has (blank)? Note: For successful development of reading comprehension, students must learn strategies for locating and using information within text. Headings and subheadings are non-fiction text features, often in bold print or otherwise separated from the main text, that identify the topic of the passage of the text. Please text features allow students to locate key information in a text while quickly scanning it.

Problem Solving Skills

The ability to find solutions to obstacles or problems example: a second grade teacher writes the following problem on the board: Suzanne has $10 to buy lunch. She orders a sandwich that cost $4.12. How much change was Suzanne received after buying the sandwich? The teacher provides each student with a piece of paper and asks them to each read the question to themselves and try to come up with three different ways to answer the question in five minutes. After the five minutes is up the teacher asked the students to share and compare their ways with a peer. She then calls on students to present different approaches to answering the question. Which of the following skills is most effectively promoted by this instructional strategy? Note: Asking students to find three solutions to a math problem encourages problem solving. Problem solving involves thinking more deeply about a situation and flexibility and creativity in finding a solution. Discussing solutions with peers fosters the sharing of ideas and encourages students to think through math problems in ways they may not have on their own.

Sentence structure

The following writing sample is from second grade students journal. my favrit color is Pink becuz I Love the color Pink pink goes with evrything And I love to wer it evryday. The student would likely benefit most from instruction in which of the following areas? Note: sentence structure refers to the arrangement of a sentence in a grammatically correct way including understanding of where to place capital letters and punctuation marks. This writing sample displays run-on sentences and errors in capitalization and punctuation. Through instruction and sentence structure, the student can learn how to organize and convey thoughts more clearly and concisely.

How does large motor promote a child's cognitive development?

The mechanics of crawling stimulate different areas of the brain that are important for future learning. When a child begins calling this repetitious movement helps stimulate and organize neurons, allowing a child's brain to control cognitive processes such as comprehension, concentration, and memory.

Observing and documenting a child sharing and please skills during choice time

The national Association for education for young children (Naeyc)and the division for early childhood (DEC)advocate the use of authentic assessment practices and primary approach for assessing young children. Which of the following activities is an example of an authentic assessment and early childhood teacher may used to assess children in her class? Note: Authentic assessment is the documentation and analysis of the students actual work collected overtime in his or her real world environment. A teacher trying to students accomplishment to show success and growth overtime by clicking sample portfolios and making up divisions in the natural environment. Assessing children in an environment that is familiar allows children to become confident and increases the likelihood that assessment results reflect an accurate measure of the children's capabilities.

Engaging their child in regular meaningful conversations using their home language

The parents of an English language learner ask for ways they can help build their child's home language skills. Which of the following strategies for best support the parents involvement when developing their child's home language? Note: Home language skills positively impact the learning of English language and literacy skills. By regularly engaging their child in meaningful conversations using the Home language, the family helps a child preserve and further develop home language skills. Regular conversations are a natural and easy way to promote home language development.

Civics

The study of the rights and duties of citizens. A first grade teacher in her class have taken on the responsibility of regularly picking up debris such as snack wrappers and forgotten sweatshirts and jackets from the school yard and playground. This activity could be used to teach which of the following social science concepts? Note: civics can be defined as the study of the rights and duties of citizenship. Research shows students at this age are most likely to learn abstract concepts, such as civics, through daily life applications. Students are provided concrete examples of civic responsibility such as how to be a positive citizen and work for the common good through engaging and regular cleanup days of their schoolyard.

Human interdependendance

Throughout the school year, a kindergarten teacher is planning to take students to various locations within the community such as the post office, grocery store, and the bus station. As a follow-up to each trip, the teacher will ask the students to discuss how their families use these locations as the teacher create a list of their ideas. Which of the following (social science concepts) is the teacher promoting by using this activity? Note: interdependence is the social science concept of being dependent on each other for some needs. Taking children and field trips to locations within the community allows them to be active learners in understanding this concept. The children begin to understand how people in the community rely on each other to provide certain services and goods.

Eating a nutritious breakfast each morning. It improves attendance, behavior, and academic performance as well as decreased tardiness.

Which of the following factors is likely to have the most beneficial effect on second grade student's academic performance?

undesirable

Which of the following has three morphemes? a) trusted B) undesirable C) blueberry D) dog I'm morphine is the smallest meaningful unit in the grammar of language. A morpheme may be a word on its own ( bird, happy, touch). A morpheme that is a word on its own is called a free morpheme. Other morphemes (un, ish, my, dis, ment) I never words by themselves but have meaning on their own. These affixes are called bound morphemes. Even though a word may have two or more syllables, it is a single morpheme. it cannot be broken down into smaller meaningful parts.

Reading and writing new words to build phonemic awareness

Which of the following literacy related strategies would best promote the relationship between written language and reading skill development for kindergarten children? Note: Research has shown that when children read extensively, become better writers. Practicing writing words and reading them build the connection between the word name and its appearance in print. This practice helps children recognize similarities and differences between words' names and sounds and contributes to the development of vocabulary and fluency.

Counters

Which of the following materials are most appropriate to use when conducting a math lesson on counting with preschool children? Note: Young children benefit from math instruction that involves manipulatives. Manipulatives are physical objects that can be used to represent numbers and to make abstract concepts more concrete and easier to understand. Counters are any small objects such as plastic toy dinosaurs that children can touch move and count. These are well-known materials that are developmentally appropriate for preschool age children to use.

Segmenting individual sounds in words

Which of the following skills is a child able to demonstrate if they have developed the most complex level of Phonological awareness? Note: The most advanced level of phonological awareness is phonemic awareness. Phonemic awareness is the understanding that words are made up of individual sounds are phenoms and ability to manipulate these phenoms either by segmenting, learning, or changing individual phonemes within words to create new words.

Morpheme

in a language, the smallest unit that carries meaning; may be a word or a part of a word (such as a prefix) Example of three morphemes: undesirable Note: A morpheme is the smallest Unit in the grammar of language. Morphine may be a word on its own like bird, happy, touch. A morpheme that is a word and it's own is called a free morpheme. Other morphemes (un, ish, ly, dis, ment) are never words by themselves but have meaning on their own. These are called bound morphemes. Even though a Word may have two or more syllables, it is a single morpheme If it cannot be broken down into smaller meaningful parts.

Timbre

quality of sound. A first grade teacher plays recording of a story in which the characters voices are represented by playing a specific musical instrument. For example a duck is depicted by a trumpet and a wolf is portrayed by an electric guitar. While the stories being played, the students are asked to raise her hand when they hear the duck talking. This activity would be most effective for promoting students understanding of which of the following musical elements? Note: In Music timber is the sound quality of a music note, or tone that distinguishes different types of sound production. In this scenario above the students are motivated to listen carefully to each instrument so they are able to follow the story in which each characters voice is a different instrument.