20th Century Final

Which year did these occur: Oklahoma City Bombing/Stock Market Crash

1995, 1929

Which year did these occur: Invasion of Iraq/Invasion of Afghanistan/Neil Armstrong Walking on the Moon

2001, 1969

Which year did these occur: Bombing of the World Trade Center-Pentagon/Fall of the Berlin Wall

2001, 1989

What year were gays legally allowed to serve in the military? Women in the infantry?

2010, 1917-1918

What year was the Newtown, CT shooting? The Boston Marathon bombing?

2012, 2013

Identify Wilson's program for ending WWI to achieve a "Peace without victory"?

Fourteen Points

Did the US win the Korean War?

No

Who was the secretary of defense for most of the Vietnam war?

Robert McNamara

Identify nicknames given to WWI.

The Great War, The War to End All Wars, The War to Make the World Safe for Democracy

What was secretary John Hay's famous quotation described during the conflict?

splendid little war

List the causes of WWII

-rise of dictatorship -worldwide economic depression -imperialism by axis nations -ineffective/ useless appeasement strategies -Failure of Treaty of Versailles to solve the problems of WWI

At which parallel was N/S Vietnam divided at the beginning of the war? Who were South Vietnam's two most prominent leaders?

17th; Nguyen Vien Thieu and Ngo Dinh Diem

In which year was the Spanish-American War fought?

1898

Which year dead these occur: Wright Brothers Flight/Watergate/Churchill's Iron Curtain Speech/Alaska and Hawaii entering the USA?

1903, 1972-1974, 1946, 1959

Which years was WWI fought? When did the US enter?

1914-1918, April 1917

In what years was WWII fought? When did the US enter?

1939-1945, Dec 8 1941

In which years was the Korean War fought? What was the nickname given to it?

1950-1953, The Forgotten War

In what decade was most of the Vietnam War fought?

1960s

Which year did these occur: JFK/RFK/MLK assassinations

1963, 1968, 1968

Which year did these occur: Kent State Massacre/Woodstock/Iranian Hostage Crisis/OPEC Crisis

1970, 1969, 1979, 1973

Which year did these occur: shootings in Littleton, CO / Charles Lindbergh's flight

1982, 1927

At which parallel is North/South Korea divided today? Where was it when the war began?

38th parallel, 38th parallel

Which Decade: Baby Boomers/Greed/Me/McCarthyism/Great Depression/Jazz Age/British Invasion?

40s, 80s, 70s, 50s, 30s, 20s, 60s

About how many American fatalities were suffered during the Korean War?

55,000

About how many Americans were killed in the Vietnam War?

58,000

Who was the leader of the Third Reich/ Germany? Fascist Italy? Japan?

Adolf Hitler; Benito Mussolini; Hirohito

Identify: Agent Orange/Napalm.

Agent Orange-defoliant used to eradicate vegitation Napalm-jelled gasoline fired from flamethrowers and aerial bombs

Explain the contributions of Alfred Kinsey and William Masters and Virginia Johnson for women.

Alfred Kinsey- founded Institute for Sexual Research at the University of Indiana, professor for sex ed class, published books about surveys/ about how people feel about sex, William Masters + Virginia Johnson: University of Missouri, conducted 1st experiment on sexual behavior on 700 college students

What was the name given to each side of WWII?

Allies + Axis

Name two groups of belligerents in WWI

Allies + Central Powers

What were the American forces called that fought in WWI? Who was the commander?

American Expeditionary Forces, John J Pershing

Who were the MAC-V?

American Military forces in the Vietnam Conflict

What was the spark that ignited fighting in WWI.

Assassination of Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand of A-H by Serbian nationalist Gavriello Principe

Identify: The Axis of Evil/Kilroy was Here/Red Scare/Boston Strong

Axis of Evil: coined by George Bush, targeting countries with terrorism + WMDs, Iran, Iraq, North Korea, Kilroy was Here: Popular graffiti symbol during WWII that represents the GIs, shows a bald headed man poking his nose over a wall, Red Scare: led senator mccarthy, accused people of being communist, Boston Strong: Slogan to show support for the victims of the Boston Marathon bombings

Which Black American holds the highest elective political office in the US?

Barack Obama

Which Righteous Sister founded the National Organization for Women?

Betty Friedan

Besides those responsible for NOW, name another member of the "Second Wave" of the Feminist Movement. Identify a member of the "Third Wave" of the Feminist Movement.

Betty Friedan, Gloria Steinem; Class of 2015

Who fought the 1973 "Battle of the Sexes?"

Billly Jean King and Bobby Riggs

Name the 3 major southern cities that were important locations of Civil Rights demonstrations.

Birmingham, Selma, Montgomery

What organization did Huey Newton and Bobby Seale begin?

Black Panthers

Identify the 3 components of America's "Nuclear Utilization Theories?"

Brinksmanship: force USSR to the brink of nuclear war, and then back off ex: Cuba, Mutually Assured Destruction: both US and USSR had "second strike capabilities", preventing war, Massive Retaliation: nuclear weapons: more powerful and cheaper, the US thought that if we built up enough of them everyone would be too afraid to use them against us.

Identify the BIA and AIM

Bureau of Indian Affairs; American Indian Movement

What is the most famous book written about Native Americans?

Bury my Heart at Wounded Knee

Who said: "I will fight not more, forever"

Chief Joseph

Identify the Asian country he wanted to invade (Korean War).

China

What is another name for the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the US Constitution?

Civil Rights Amendments

Explain: CORE/SNCC/SCLC

Congress of Racial Equality- focus on problems of racial discrimination, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee- student led organization led by John Lewis, members are mostly black college students, Southern Christian Leadership Conference- led by MLK, preached nonviolence

What economic/military foreign policy post WWII was the American response to Communism? Who created it?

Containment-defeat Communism by preventing it from expanding. Economic Containment-send money, food, supplies (Marshall Plan/ Berlin Airlift); military containment-send weapons, munitions, troops (Truman Doctrine/Korea); Truman

Upon whom did the Beats have the most influence?

Counterculture

Identify the two major groups involved in the "Youth Movement" of the 1960s and 1970s and the leaders

Counterculture: Timothy Leary, Allen Ginsberg, The New Left: Tom Hayden, Mark Rudd, David Dellinger, Rennie Davis, Mario Savio, MLK, Dr Spock

Which country's independence was the focus of the Spanish American war?

Cuba

By what other name is the Normandy invasion known?

D-Day

What battle was the turning point of WWII in the atlantic? the pacific?

D-Day; Battle of Midway

When did US troops withdraw from Iraq? When are we withdrawing from Afghanistan?

December 2011, 2014

What acronym does DMZ signify?

Demilitarized Zone

Who said: "I shall return"/"Old soldiers never die, they just fade away"/"There is no substitute for victory?"

Douglas MacArthur

Who was the commander of the UN forces during the Korean War?

Douglas MacArthur

Who were the Allied Commanders in the Pacific Theater of WWII?

Douglas MacArthur (army), Chester Nimitz

Who was the supreme commander of the allied forces in Europe during WWII?

Dwight Eisenhower

Who said: "The only thing we have to fear is fear itself"/"December 7, 1941, a date which will live in infamy?"

FDR

Who headed "The New Deal?" "The Great Society?"

FDR, LBJ

What was the "Yellow Peril?" Where were Japanese-Americans relocated?

Fear of Asian people; internment camps

Identify the name given to the Nazi's program to exterminate the European Jews?

Final Solution, the Holocaust

What was the "Trail of Tears?" Which President signed the "Indian Removal Act?"

Forced relocation of the "Five Civilized Tribes" from the East to West; Andrew Jackson

Explain: Rev. Jesse Jackson and Rev. Al Sharpton

Founded PUSH + Rainbow Coalition, addressed racial issues; American baptist minister, civil rights activist, TV/radio host

Who were the two American presidents during WWII?

Franklin Roosevelt, Harry Truman

Black and White college students from the north and south who rode buses during the summer to help desegregate the south were known as what?

Freedom Riders

Who said "Mission Accomplished"/"Where the !@#$%^&* are those WMD's?"

George Bush

Who said: "Segregation now, segregation tomorrow, and segregation forever"

George Wallace

For what is Daniel Ellsberg responsible in terms of the Vietnam War?

Giving the Pentagon Papers to the NY Times

Which names belonged to the triple entente? The triple alliance?

Great Britain, France, + Russia, Germany, Austria-Hungary, + ottoman empire

Identify possessions obtained by the U.S. as a result of the Treaty of Paris ending the war

Guam, Puerto Rico & the Philippines

Specifically, where is the US presence in Cuba?

Guantanamo Bay

What particular event did LBJ/McNamara say was "unprovoked" and required a US military response?

Gulf of Tonkin Incident

What phrase did the secretary of state, Dean Achenson use to describe a situation in which Americans could have both a strong military and a robust economy influenced by consumer goods?

Guns and butter

Who were the US Presidents during the Korean War?

Harry Truman, Dwight Eisenhower

Who represented the US at the Paris Peace Accords?

Henry Kissinger

In which cities were the atomic bombs dropped?

Hiroshima + Nagasaki

Who were the North Vietnamese/ Viet Minh leaders who defeated the French at Dien Bien Phu?

Ho Chi Minh + Vo Nguyen Giap

Who was the "Peace Candidate" that ran for the Democratic nomination in 1968?

Hubert Humphrey

What was the "Domino Theory?"

If one country fell to communism then the surrounding countries would follow

Identify the name of the famous amphibious invasion MacArthur led.

Invasion of Inchon

Who said "Ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country?"

JFK

Which African-American athlete broke the color barrier in Major League Baseball? Who refused to go to Vietnam after the US drafted him?

Jackie Robinson, Muhammad Ali

Who granted "amnesty" to draft resistors?

Jimmy Carter

Which President sent 16,000 advisors?

John F Kennedy

Who were: John Lewis/Stokeley Carmichael/James Meredith/Medgar Evers

John Lewis: helped lead SNCC, representative of Georgia, Stokely Carmichael: originally SNCC, then BPP created "black Power" James Meredith: 1st black student at U-Miss, cause violence, Medgar Evers: field secretary for NAACP, assassinated by KKK

Who was the leader of the USSR during WWII? The Free French?

Joseph Stalin, Charles De Gaulle

Identify: The Little Rock 9; Woolworth's 5 & 10 Cents Store/Montgomery Bus Boycott.

Little Rock 9-9 Black students integrate Central High School in Little Rock-Earnest Green is the 1st to graduate; Woolworth's 5 & 10 Cents Store in Greensboro, NC-site of sit-ins (store where everyone went, blacks could shop but not eat there), sit-in at lunch counters + take up all seats, violence ensues, 1st set of black students arrested, more come to take their place, overcrowd jails, eventually Elementary school students used, most sit-ins organized by SNCC; Montgomery Bus Boycott-started by Rosa Parks, blacks refuse to ride in Montgomery until they are given equal treatment, lasts 1 year

Which US President is credited for escalating US involvement in the Vietnam War?

Lyndon Johnson

Who said: "Justice delayed is justice denied" and "I have a dream?"

MLK

Who is recognized as the most successful leader of the Black Civil Rights Movement? Of the Black Muslims/Nation of Islam? What happened to them?

MLK, Malcolm X, assassinated

Who said: "By any means necessary" and "Black Power" and "The chickens would come home to roost" and "We didn't land on Plymouth Rock, it landed on us"

Malcolm X

Who were: Margaret Sanger, Emma Goldman, Mother Mary Jones?

Margaret Sanger- planned parenthood, distributed birth control, Emma Goldman-"Red" Emma-Working Conditions/Political Organizations; Mother Mary Jones-Child Labor Laws/Pay Equity

Who led one of these groups at the University of California at Berkeley? What was it called?c

Mario Savio, Free Speech Movement

What US foreign policy gave economic aid to Western Europe post-WWII?

Marshall Plan

List some ways in which Americans at homes sacrificed during the war.

Meatless Mondays, wheat-less Wednesdays, light-less Thursdays

What is the specific difference between Memorial Day and Veterans Day?

Memorial Day commemorates those who died in service of our country, especially in battle. Veterans Day honors everyone who has served our country in both wartime and peacetime, including living Veterans.

Identify the name given to the national day of protest (October 29, 1969) of the Vietnam War

Moratorium Day

Identify females who were membesr of the "First Wave" of the Women's Movement (pre 20th century).

Mother Mary Jones- child labor + pay equity Red Emma- working conditions + political organizations Helen Keller- social programs for the disabled

Which "horror of war" situation was Lt. William Calley involved?

My Lai massacre

What does the acronym NAACP signify?

National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

Which "Act" created the CIA, made the Air Force a separate branch of the armed forces, had the Dep't of War evolve into the Defense Dep't and created the position of Joint Chief?

National Security Act of 1947

Was the U.S. initially "Neutral" or "Isolationist?"

Neutral

Did the US win the Vietnam War?

No

Did the US win the Vietnam war?

No

WWI ended on what date? What was this known as?

November 11, 1918, Remembrance Day/ Armistice Day

What are the 3 most famous writings of the Beat Movement?

On the Road by Jeack Kerouac, Howl by Allen Ginsberg, Naked Lunch by William Burroughs

In what city was the truce signed that ended the fighting in the Korean War?

Panmunjom

Which USSC case established "seperate but equal" as constitutional? Which made it unconstitutional?

Plessy vs Fergusson, Brown vs Board of Education

Explain: The Port Huron Statement/The Weathermen-Weather Underground/Yippies/Hippies/MOBE

Port Huron Statement: issued by SDS to criticize the govt, The Weatherman- weather underground: led by Mark Rudd, violent radical terrorist group, led the Days of Rage, Yippies: Youth International Party, led by Abby Hoffman, led protests at the Chicago Democratic National Convention resulting in the Chicago 7/8 trial, Hippies: counterculture youth movement, anti-vietnam, love, peace, drugs, MOBE: National Mobilization Committee to End the War in Vietnam Organized massive anti-war protests in NY/SF/DC, David Dellinger, MLK and Dr Spock

What was the rallying cry in the US to fight the war?

Remember the Maine and to hell with Spain

Which President secretly bombed Cambodia and Laos?

Richard Nixon

Which US President wanted "Peace with honor" in Vietnam?

Richard Nixon

Who was President when the Vietnam war ended?

Richard Nixon

Who said "Mr Gorbachev, tear down this wall"

Ronald Regan

Who is considered the "Mother of the Civil Rights Movement?" Who was the first African-American woman to seek the Democratic Presidential nomination in 1972?

Rosa Parks, Shirley Chilsolm

Which European country suffered a major revolution and what was it called?

Russia, Bolshevik Revolution

Identify: Sandra Day O'Connor/Sally Ride/Geraldine Ferraro/Hillary Clinton/Condi Rice/Oprah/Sonya Sotomayor/Elena Kagen.

Sarah Day O'Connor: first female sup court justice, Sally Ride: first female astronaut, Geraldine Ferraro: first vp candidate on a major ticket, Hilary Clinton: sec of state, Condoleeza Rice: first african american sec of state, oprah: talk show host, Sonya Sotomayor: first latina sup court justice, Elena Kagen: fourth woman on the sup court

Indentify: Scottsboro Boys/16th Street Baptist Church/Emmett Till

Scottsboro Boys- famous legal case whose decision was overturned b/c of a violation of constitutional rights of Black Americans (9 black men accused of raping 2 white girls, all sentenced to death-some not given lawyers, juries had to be all white men-eventually went to Supreme Court and girls admitted they lied); 16th Street Baptist Church-bombing, 4 Black girls killed; Emmett Till-14-year-old from Chicago who went to Mississippi to see his grandfather and was murdered for talking to a white woman

Where in the US is the National Women's Hall of Fame?

Seneca Falls, NY

What month/year did Germany and Japan surrender?

September 1945

Who were the two major belligerents in the Spanish American war?

Spain and America

Who was the American naval hero in the Caribbean in the Spanish American war?

Teddy Roosevelt

With which group do we associate Jack Kerouac and Allen Ginsberg?

The Beatniks

The post WWII period which the US and the USSR fought for global power/influence is called what?

The Cold War

Identify nicknames given to WWII.

The Good War, The Big One

What event was the turning point of the Vietnam War?

The Tet Offensive

What caused the termination of WWII? What was the name given to this project?

The atomic bombs dropped on Japan; The Manhattan Project

Which book is considered "The Bible" of the Feminist Movement? Which magazine, still published today, chronicles the Feminist Movement using only female writers?

The feminist mystique, Fringe/ Bust

What was the "spark" that ignited the fighting in the Spanish American war?

The sinking of the USS Maine

Who was the first African American Justice to be seated on the US Supreme Court? Who is the most visible leader of The Nation of Islam today?

Thurgood Marshall, Louis Farrakhan

Explain: Title IX/Roe vs. Wade/The ERA/The Pil.

Title IX- funding for women's and men's sports must be equal, Roe vs Wade- Supreme Court case that made abortion legal, The ERA-Stated men and women should have equal rights throughout the US and Congress has the power to enforce the amendment with legislationThe Pill: birth control made widely available for women.

Who led one of these groups at the University of Michigan? What was it called?

Tom Hayden-Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)

Name the Treaty that ended WWI

Treaty of Versailles

Which international organization led the police action in Korea? Who were the two US Presidents?

UN; Truman and Eisenhower

Which nation suffered the most casualties in both WWI and WWII?

USSR

A black person who acts "white" is called what? To laws that allowed seperate but equal facilities?

Uncle Tom, Jim Crow Laws

What was V-E Day? What was V-J Day? When were they?

Victory in Europe, Victory in Japan, May 8, 1945 - Sept 2, 1945

A program that had the SV armies take over the fighting was called.

Vietnamization

Name the female military organizations involved in fighting during WWII.

WAVES- Navy, WACS-Army, WASPS- Airforce, SPARS- Coastguard

Name the CBS reporter who informed the American people about the Vietnam War and said we should leave.

Walter Cronkite

Which CBS reporter daily informed the American people about the war in Vietnam?

Walter Cronkite

Identify White Flight/Racial Profiling/George Wallace.

White flight: movement of whites from urban areas to the suburbs, Racial Profiling: using assumptions + discrimination by police + other law enforcement against minorities, George Wallace: Governor of Alabama who used state police to prohibit black students from attending the University of Alabama

Who were the 3 leading spokespersons for African-Americans during the first third of the 20th century?

William Dubois, Marcus Garvey, Booker T Washington

Who was the US President in the Spanish American war?

William McKinley

Who was the American military commander for most of the Vietnam war?

William Westmoreland

Who was the US President during WWI?

Wilson

Who was the PM of GB for most of WWII?

Winston Churchill

Who is Edward Snowden? What is Wikileaks? Who is John Galt?

a. Former CIA worker and computer professional that began leaking classified information from the NSA to mainstream media starting in 2013 b. International, non-prfit, journalistic organization, which publishes secret information, news leaks, and classified media from anonymous sources c. Philosopher and inventor

Identify:Taliban/Al-Qaeda/ Operations Enduring Freedom/Iraqi Freedom

a. Islamic fundamentalist group previously backed by US b. International terrorist network, previously led by Osama Bin Laden, sponsored jihads to expel westerners and non-Muslims c. 2001 invasion of Afghanistan to remove Taliban from power d. 2003 US invasion of Iraq

List some examples of Native American art / architecture

a. Kachina dolls b. Sand paintings c. Fetishes d. Longhouses e. Dream catchers f. Wigwams g. Hogans h. Totem Poles i. Tepees

Identify: Passive Resistance-Non-Violence/Civil Disobedience/Black Power/March on Selma

a. Philosophy of MLK, lack of fighting back/hostility, used at sit-ins b. Peaceful form of political protest, refusal to comply with laws c. Appeal of the Black Panther Party, believes in self-reliance and racial pride d. Major demonstration led by John Lewis/SNCC to register voters, state troopers attacked them, became Bloody Sunday

Identify 5 of the most famous Native American chiefs and their tribes

a. Sitting Bull - Sioux b. Chief Joseph - Nez Perce c. Geronimo - Apache d. Crazy Horse - Sioux e. Tecumseh - Shawnee f. Sequoyah - Cherokee g. Massasoit - Wampanoag

What happened at Wounded Knee in 1973? What is the social/economic status of Native Americans today?

a. The Oglala Sioux, with the help of the AIM, seized Wounded Knee, South Dakota, for 71 days b. Goal was to get Dick Wilson out of power and to fight against the US government for all the wrongdoings done to Native Americans c. Did not succeed d. Today Native Americans like to gamble, about half the population lives in US cities, they are the most impoverished of all ethnic groups in the US, and Cherokee has the largest population tribe

What was the significance of the 1890 Battle at Wounded Knee?

a. White officials banned the ghost dance religion b. Troops were sent in to South Dakota c. Sitting Bull was killed by police d. Troops fired at Native Americans e. 150 Native American men, women and children died f. Wounded Knee became the nickname for all the wrongdoings against Native Americans

Identify Rolling thunder/ search and destroy/ hearts and minds/ pacification.

air bombing, find Vietcong and destroy villages, try to win support of the SV people, force the SV to evacuate + then use agent orange

For what incident was Tommy Smith and John Carlos responsible?

at 1968 Olympics in Mexico, raised their fists in protest to discrimination against blacks

What is another name for overseas expansion?

colonialism

Where is Suddam Hussein? Osama Bin Laden?

dead in iraq, dead in sea

What did President Truman eventually do to this commander of UN forces?

fire him

Extending a nation's authority authority through territorial acquisition is known as what policy?

imperialism

Those who boast or brag about their country's ability to wage war are known as what?

jingoism

When are memorial day and Veterans Day clebrated?

last monday in may, November 11

Which 2 phrases derisively described the natives of the Pacific and Caribbean during this war?

little brown brothers, white man's burden

The God-given right to expand from coast to coast is known as what?

manifest destiny

What are love and/or devotion to one's country called?

nationalism

Identify new weapons introduced during WWI.

poison gas + grenades + tanks

Name the causes for WWI.

rise of nationalism, militarism, colonialism, systems of secret alliances

What term describes the warfare that took place in WWI?

trench warfare + war of attrition

What kind of journalism did William Randolphe Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer champion during this war?

yellow journalism