2nd half of CST Exam
A circumferential bandage should be applied to an extremity (a) distal to proximal (b) proximal to distal (c) anterior to lateral (d) medial to anterior
(a) distal to proximal
The three lumens of a Foley are used for inflation, drainage and - prevention of urine reflux - access for sterile urine specimens - continuous irrigation - additional hemostasis
- continuous irrigation
After incision is made into the scrotum during a vasectomy, the forceps used to grasp the vas and bring it to the surface for surgery is the Allis Babcock Kelly mosquito
Allis
Which of the following instruments would be used to grasp the anterior cervix of the uterus just before dissection from the vaginal vault during a total abdominal hysterectomy?
Allis
A graft transferred from one individual to another is... Hemograft Porcine Autograft Allograft
Allograft
The following statements regarding counting sponges are true EXCEPT
An incorrect number of sponges in a pack should be compensated for on count sheet with notation
All are advantages of robotic surgery except A. Reduction of hand tremors B. Plays a role in distant surgical interventions C. It is expensive and uses valuable resources D. Robotic images are three-dimensional
C) It is expensive and uses valuable resources
When performing a cholecystectomy using the robot, the robotic arm is placed A. Right side, mid abdomen B. Patients left side mid abdomen C. Patients right thigh level D. Patients left thigh level
C) Patients right thigh level
An "up and down" movement of a robots arm is known as A. Roll B. Yaw C. Pitch D. Rotation
C) Pitch
The robotic system does not engage until the surgeon A. Position the foot switch B. Robotic arms are engaged C. Places head in the viewer D. Surgeon speaks into microphone in console
C) Places head in the viewer
The #3 arm of the robot moves A. Up and down B. In and out C. Right and left D. Left only
C) Right and left
Which term refers to a rotating movement? A. Pitch B. Rotation C. Roll D. A 360-degree turn
C) Roll
The ability of the robot to see in dim light is known as A. Stereo vision B. Binaural vision C. Sensitivity D. Depth perception
C) Sensitivity
What allows the robotic computer to create and record three-dimensional date of the surgical site? A. magnetic resistance sites B. Image planning C. Laser scanning D. CT scan
C)Laser scanning
During prepping and draping if the STSR contaminates their hand they should?
Change glove immediately
Which of the following is the LEAST desirable method for needle accountability? Insert needle into original packet Collect needles in a medicine cup Place on an adhesive magnetic bond Return to needle rack
Collect needles in a medicine cup
What surgical procedure provides obliteration of the vagina by denuding and approximating the anterior and posterior walls of the vagina?
Colpoclesis
The intraoperative use of bone allografts requires all of the following responses from the scrub team EXCEPT... Culture before implant Wash with an antibiotic solution Completely thaw Both A and B
Completely thaw
Which anatomical landmark is used to line up the endoscope for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy using a robotic arm? A. Umbilicus B. Chest line C. Iliac crest D. Xyphoid process
D) Xyphoid process
Condition that affect wound healing include A- surgical technique B- obesity C- age D- All of the above
D- All of the above
Which of the following is associated with secondary intention wound healing? A- Wound that is sutured together B- interested contamination wound C- Wound space that is packed D- Wound that is not sutured
D- Wound that is not sutured
During the parotidectomy, what cranial nerve is carefully elevated and retracted in order to preserve it? Vagus Optic Ocularmotor Facial
Facial
In the event that a child needs emergency surgery, and the parents cannot be located to sign the permission A. No permission is necessary B. Permission is signed by a court of law C. Permission is signed by the physician D. A written consultation by two physicians other than the surgeon will suffice
D. A written consultation by two physicians other than the surgeon will suffice
to be sterilized effectively, a linen pack must not weigh more than
12 lbs
Which of the following statements concerning sponges are true EXCEPT
A count is unnecessary in a vaginal procedure
During which phase of healing is a scab formed? A inflammatory B Proliferation C Remodeling D Primary
A inflammatory
If a sponge is intentionally left in the patient
A notation is placed on the operative record
All of the following statements regarding sterility are true EXCEPT
A sterile person faces a nonsterile person when passing
At what point should the surgeon be informed of the time of tourniquet application?
After 1 hour, then every 15 minutes
During the closure count a discrepancy
Is reported to the surgeon
If a sponge pack contains an incorrect number of sponges the circulating nurse should
Isolate the pack, do not use it
Why should prep solution dry before appling drapes?
It enhance the antiseptic effects
All of the following can be found on a tonsillectomy setup EXCEPT
Jameson hook
What is the instrument used to effect removal of the septal cartilage in a rhinoplasty? Knight nasal scissor Joseph nasal scissor Jansen-Middleton forceps Freer septum knife
Jansen-Middleton forceps
Drapes that are self-adhering and transparent and provide am impervious barrier over an incision are called?
Incise drapes
While using this mixture a scavenging system is used to collect and exhaust or absorb its vapors it is called
Methyl methacrylate
A Scoville retractor is used in a
Laminectomy
She is schedule for
Laparoscopic removal of ectopic
The following surgeries do not require the use of a trocar EXCEPT for
Laparoscopy
What type of facial fracture is associated with the leakage of cerebrospinal fluid into the nasal sinus? LeFort I LeFort II LeFort III LeFort IV
LeFort II
Ionizing radiation protection is afforded by the use of
Lead
A holding instrument not found in a vaginal procedure is a
Lehey
A benign smooth muscle tumor of the uterus which causes abnormal uterine bleeding lead to anemia is
Leiomyoma
Which sinus is entered during an intranasal antrostomy (antral window)? Ethmoid Sphenoid Maxillary Frontal
Maxillary
During surgery, towel clips?
May be removed and discarded as long as the area is covered with sterile linen
A neuro headrest skull clamp is called a
Mayfield
All of the following are absorbable sutures EXCEPT
Nylon
What incision is commonly used for a C-section
Pfannenstiel
Labor can be induced using
Pitocin
The clarity of the image depends on the numbers of signals or silicone units the clip contains. The name for these silicone units are
Pixel
Drapes are
Placed on a dry area
Colorless prep solution may be indicated for Orthopedic surgery Vascular surgery Plastic surgery Urologic surgery
Plastic surgery
What suture would be used on a coronary artery bypass and an aortic valve replacement
Polypropylene
Which endotracheal tube is contraindicated during laser surgery?
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tube
Which suction tip is meant to be used during abdominal surgery?
Poole
A graft derived from pig tissue... Feline Bovine Porcine Allograft
Porcine
A temporary biologic dressing is... Porcine Telfa Collagen Mesh
Porcine
All of the following rules cover handling of prosthetic devices during plastic surgery procedures EXCEPT... Powder must be wiped from gloves before handling Prothesis must be dried completely before implant Gloves must be used to prevent skin oils from causing inflammatory response Prothesis must be placed on lint-free surface to sterilize
Prothesis must be placed on lint-free surface to sterilize
What suture would be placed into the wall of a large ovarian cyst before aspiration of its contents and final removal?
Purse-string
A hospital fire plan is based on four immediate actions remembered by the acronym?
RACE
What is the name given to a radical vaginal hysterectomy?
Schauta
Cervical conization is accomplish using all of the following EXCEPT
Sclerosing solution
A graft containing epidermis and only a portion of the dermis is called a... Split-thickness graft Full-thickness wolfe graft Composite graft Full-thickness pinch graft
Split-thickness graft
What type of suture technique is used for a cosmetic closure
Sub cuticular
A continuous suture placed beneath the epidermal layer of the skin in short lateral stitches is called a... Matress suture Transfixation suture Retendtion suture Subcuticular suture
Subricular suture
A common staple gun used to transect the stomach is ____ and the ___ gun is used to transect and anastamose the jejunum during a bilroth II procedure
TA, GIA
What is the technique used on a laparoscopic direct inguinal hernia repair where the peritoneal space is inflated with a balloon dissector?
TEP
A graft made up of tissue taken from one species and grafted to another species is... Homograft Autograft Xenograft Allograft
Xenograft
Fiberoptic lighting is
a cool light
One example of direct current is
a flashlight
the following is true of lasers
a laser safety officer is required to manage laser risks and define safety protocol
If a patient is undergoing a right nephrectomy for a right renal tumor, the position is a right lateral kidney a left lateral kidney supine prone
a left lateral kidney
A device that transmits an impulse to a wave-transmitting system is
a radio transmitter
In a total hip replacement, which structure is reamed?
acetabulum
The tendon involved causing the inability to plantar flex the foot is
achilles
All of the following are true of disposable chest drainage units EXCEPT
aids in reestablishing positive pressure in the intrapleural space
All of the following are true regarding disposable chest drainage units EXCEPT
aids in reestablishing positive pressure in the intrapleural space
Plaster is ready for application when
air bubbles cease to rise
What problem is most commonly seen in the pediatric postoperative patient?
airway impairment
*The first action to be taken in the event of a cardiac arrest in the OR is to A) aler the OR supervisor and personnel B) prepare medications C) institute the chest massage D) apply fibrillator paddles
alert the OR supervisor and personnel
What is the term that refers to separating tissue layers on a vertical plane using dissecting scissors?
Undermining
On which setup would either a Pereyra or a Stamey needle be found?
Urologic
When covering a Mayo stand, the scrub person should
Use a wide cuff
All of the following are recommendations for actions necessary to support the aseptic principle of "confine and contain" EXCEPT
all laundry should be discarded into impervious bags
*Hands only CPR is not recommeded for victims of a. drowning b. trauma c. airway obstruction d. all of the above
all of the above
A plume of vaporized tissue may contain residual ___ and is, therefore, important to protect the staff
all of the above
A precaution necessary when using the kidney rests is
all of the above
Alternating current has the ability to
all of the above
During a laparotomy procedure, the duties of the STSR include:
all of the above
During surgery on the pediatric patient, interventions to maintain the patient's temperature are
all of the above
Fuel sources found at the surgical site include
all of the above
In which surgery would a closed drainage system be used?
all of the above
Sealing vessels with electrosurgery requires
all of the above
Source of latex include
all of the above
The proper method of removing the gallbladder specimen after complete dissection and irrigation of the operative site in a laparoscopic cholecystectomy is to
all of the above
When using a fiberoptic, burns and fires are prevented by
all of the above
Which graft(s) are used to replace the anterior cruciate ligament during a ACL repair?
all of the above
Who is ultimately responsible for abiding by all safety protocols during the use of electrosurgery?
all perioperative personnel
all waves in the laser are monochromatic this refers to
all waves in the lasers have the same length and are one coler
In myringotomy, the tube to facilitate drainage is placed into the tympanic membrane with a/an alligator forceps Castroviejo wire loop curette Tobey forceps
alligator forceps
The needle used to instill the gas during a laparoscopy is a
Verres
What part of the endoscope equipment transmits digital data from the camera head to the camera control unit and from the monitor to the output recorder?
Video cable
An OR hazard that has been linked to increased risk of spontaneous abortion in female OR employees is exposure to
Waste anesthetic gas
The scoring system that assesses an infant's condition after birth is called an
apgar
McBurney is an incision used for
appendectomy
Which muscle is utilized to effect a TRAM flap in breast reconstruction? Latissimus dorsi Transrectus abdominis Pectoralis major Pectoralis minor
Transrectus abdominis
What antiseptic agent is safe for ophthalmic and in a face prep?
Triclosan
A needle biopsy of the prostate may be accomplished with a/n butterfly needle angiocatheter Tru-cut needle taper needle
Tru-cut needle
Which of the following is the correct order from outermost to innermost layers of blood vessels:
Tunica adventia, Tunica media, Tunica intima (a)
A central venous catheter is usually inserted into the
external jugular vein
During dialysis the patients blood is shunted to the outside of the body. The term referring to outside the body is
extracorporeal
Disintegration kidney stones through a liquid medium is accomplished with a
extracorporeal shock wave lithotriptor
Overabsorption of irrigation fluid that may result in vascular overload is known as extravasation intravasation hemolysis hydronephrosis
extravasation
In which position would shoulder braces be indicted?
extreme trendelenburg
A potential safety hazard associated with laser surgery is
eye injury
Chest rolls (bolsters)
facilitate respiration
Fogarty biliary catheters are used to
facilitate stone removal
the doctrine of Respondeat Superior refers to
employer liability for employee's negligent conduct
The term describing the specimen removal in one piece is
en bloc
A device that may obviate the need for an abdominoperineal resection because a low anterior anastomosis can be preformed in a
end-to-end anastomosis (EEA)
Plaque removal from a vessel is termed
endarterectomy
Removal of atherosclerotic plaque from a major artery is termed
endarterectomy
A herniation of the cul-de-sac of at the Pouch of Douglas is a/an
enterocele
What type of catheter would facilitate the removal of small gallstones?
fogarty
Which piece of equipment would be placed on an embolectomy setup for the purpose of removing clots through an arteriotomy?
fogarty
The most commonly identified ovarian cyst is the
follicle
The drain that has a reservoir creating negative pressure to facilitate drainage is a
hemovac
What drain would commonly be used following a total hip arthroplasty?
hemovac
An example of a suction drain is
hemovac and Jackson pratt (d)
During a vascular procedure, monitoring the activated clotting time intraoperatively provides useful data for judging the need for reversal or addition of
heparin
Which medication is found on a tracheostomy setup to reduce the coughing reflex at tube insertion? cocaine 4% lidocaine 1% cocaine 10% lidocaine 10%
lidocaine 1%
What connects bone to bone
ligament
To prevent thrombi from forming in the walls of the renal vein during transfer from the donor to recipient, _____ is given just before clamping of the renal vessels. furosemide protamine sulfate heparin mannitol
heparin
Which drug can be added to saline for irrigation during a vascular procedure?
heparin
When using a cell saver for autologous blood transfusion, the blood is suctioned through a double lumen tubing and is
heparinized
Portal pressure measurement is indicated in
hepatic resection
An alternating current cycle is termed a
hertz
the frequency of sound is stated in a measurement of
hertz
During a procedure involving a power saw in use, the surgical technician in the scrub role should
lightly apply irrigation to the blade in use
Cervical carcinoma in situ can be classified as
limited to the epithelial layer, noninvasive
A permanent pacemaker operates on a pulse generator powered by
lithium
For a laparoscopic tubal ligation, the patient is Placed in
lithotomy
A percutaneous nephrolithotomy utilizes all the following EXCEPT ultrasound wand flexible nephroscope lithotriptor lithotriptor tub
lithotriptor tub
Bladder stones are crushed with a basket catheter lithotrite cautery resectoscope
lithotrite
An inguinal hernia containing a Meckel's diverticulum is called a
littre's
A subphrenic abscess occurs in the
liver
A cautery would not be used
in neck or nasopharynx surgery if nitrous oxide is used
Which hernia leaves the abdominal cavity at the internal inguinal ring and passes with the cord sutures down the inguinal canal?
indirect
The three phases of bone healing in order are
inflammatory, repairative, remodeling (c)
legal document signed by the patient before surgery is
informed consent
A lower oblique incision is an
inguinal
Which incision would require cutting through Scarpia's fascia?
inguinal
During the mechanical process of breathing the diaghram contracts during ___ and relaxes during ____
inhalation, exhalation
In laparoscopy, tubal patency is checked by
injecting methylene blue into the cervical canal
ethylene oxide destroys cells by
interfering with normal metabolism of the protein and reproductive process
When using the ESU for coagulation, the energy delivered is
intermittent waves at a low frequency and high voltage
injury from continuous irrigation where the fluid enters the vascular system is
intravasation
The telescoping of the proximal intestine into the lumen of the distal intestine is called
intussusception
A condition that causes bowel obstruction when one section of intestine telescopes over another and mostly occurs in children is
intussusceptions
During an appendectomy, a purse-string suture is placed around the appendix stump to
invert the stump of the appendix
Neurosurgical sponges soaked in solution are placed within the reach of the surgeon and displayed on an
inverted emesis basin or plastic drape (d)
Fibrillation is described as
involuntary muscle contraction
the gain or loss of the electrons in an atom is termed
ionization
A surgical treatment for chronic wide angle-closure glaucoma that reestablishes communication between the posterior and anterior chamber of the eye is
iridectomy
When using the perforator to create burr holes, heat is counteracted by
irrigating drill sites as a hole is drilled
Bowel is also known as
isolation technique
All of the following are helpful in keeping accurate account of sponges EXCEPT
keep all sponges and tapes in a basin or close together on the field
What is the disposition of all sharps that have been passed off the field intraoperatively? A) keep off the field for final resolution of count B) immediately place in sharp container on OR wall C) roll in tape and discard D) take from OR with original suture wrapper
keep off the field for final resolution of count
When handling uterine curetting
keep the endometrial and the endocervical curettings separate
The following rules apply to needle use at the field EXCEPT A) give needles to surgeon on an exchange basis B) use needles and neeldeholders as a unit C) keep needles away from sponges and laps D) keep used needles in a medicine cup
keep used needles in a medicine cup
A procedure performed when the cornea is thickened or opacified is called a
keratoplasty
What instrument is used to excise the laminae overlying the herniated disc during its removal in a laminectomy procedure?
kerrison
The operating room bed may have a metal crossbar between the two upper sections which may be raised to elevate the
kidney, and gallbladder (d)
Pediatric medications are prescribed according to the patients weight in
kilograms
motion is known as ________ energy
kinetic
A dissecting sponge that is a small roll of heavy cotton tape is a
kitner
*Airways should be A) removed before the patient leaves the OR site B) left in until the patient is fully awake C) left in place until the patient breathes normally D) removed only by the anesthesiologist
left in place until the patient breathes normally
The aortic valve maintains one way blood flow to the aorta from the
left ventricle
In vascular surgery, the term in situ graft references the use of an
autogenous graft
Stapedectomy require all of the following items EXCEPT
autograft
The term in situ graft represents the use of an
autograft
When suctioning in neurosurgery a precaution taken is to
avoid applying vacuum directly on brain or neural tissue
In electrosurgery, "buzzing" refers to
coagulation of vessel via a metal instruments touching the active electrode
Ebonization refers to
coating of instruments to decrease reflectivity
Nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate is termed - prostatitis - benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) - balanitis - prostatism
benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH)
The operating microscope that visually employs fiberoptic for light source is
coaxial illuminators
The most common topical aesthetic agent used in ENT surgery is Xylocaine procaine cocaine surfacaine
cocaine
Extracorporeal circulation refers to circulation of
blood outside of the body
The surgical pediatric patient with an increased metabolic rate requires all the following EXCEPT
blood transfusions
A hemostatic agent used on bone is
bone wax
Before the insertion of cement into the femoral medullary canal during a total hip arthroplasty, which of the following is placed with an inserter to occlude the femoral medullary canal?
cement restrictor
After removal of uterus in a hysterectomy
cervical and vaginal instruments are isolated from the instrument set in a discarded basin
Cloward instrumentation would be included for surgery of the
cervical spine
Dorsal sympathectomy entails removal of which of the following chains of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system?
cervicothoracic
The colpomicroscope affords a view of the
cervix
In which procedure would a radiant warmer be found?
cesarean section
A stab wound is a separate small incision
close to operative site
Drainage of an incision following a simple or modified radical mastectomy is accomplished by a
close-wound drainage
Removal of an anterior cervical disc with accompanying spinal fusion is termed a
cloward procedure
The purpose of the beam splitter in an operating microscope is to
coincide the assistant's field of view with the surgeon's
When all products of conception are expelled and surgical intervention is not necessary it is a
complete abortion
Each of the following steps can assist in the immediate determination of intraoperative blood loss EXCEPT
complete blood count
The power source for the Drill is
compressed nitrogen
The power source for air-powered dermatomes is
compressed nitrogen, air (c)
A fixation device that provides maximum holding and rigid fixation of fracture by tightening bone fragments together is called an
compression plate and screws
Facial nerve trauma can be decreased by use of computerized nerve monitor fluoroscopy Berman locator Doppler
computerized nerve monitor
An image intensifier
converts the x-ray beam into a fluoroscopic optical image
What material forms the best conductor of electricity?
copper
A surgical procedure used most frequently to control intractable pain of terminal cancer is called a
cordotomy
keratoplasty involves surgery of the
cornea
Which of the following is used to control bleeding beneath the skull and around the spinal cord?
cottonoid
A sponge used in brain surgery is an
cottonoid patty
Which of the following is used to control bleeding around the spinal cord?
cottonoids
*The action of sodium bicarbonate in an advanced life support effort is to A) stimulate the heart muscle B) strengthen and slow heartbeat C) reduce ventricular excitement D) counteract metabolic acidosis
counteract metabolic acidosis
The amount of pressure used to inflate a tourniquet depends on all of the following EXCEPT
depth of surgical incision
An orthopedic screw is the most commonly used type of orthopedic implant. All are orthopedic screws EXCEPT
depth screws
The shaft of the long bone is ___ and the end of the long bone is ___
diaphysis/epiphysis
The relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle is
diastole
the legal doctrine that mandates every professional nurse and technician to carry out their duties according to national standards of care practiced throughout the country is the
doctrine of a Reasonable Man
When a sterile item is hanging or extending over the sterile table edge, the scrub nurse
does not touch the part hanging below table level
Orthopedic surgery prepping is
done under sterile condition
A blood flow detector is a
doppler
Pedal pulses are assessed with a
doppler
What procedure is used intraoperatively and postoperatively to determine blood flow in a vessel?
doppler ultrasound
Which item is also known as an "airplane support?"
double arm board
what is the role of EO sterilization
dried spores are resistant to the gas, so they must be dehydrated
the lumen of tubing undergoing ethelyne oxide (EO) sterilization is
dried thoroughly
How is a frozen section sent to the laboratory?
dry
Kidney stones are sent to the laboratory in saline water dry state formalin
dry state
The pancreatic duct is also known as
duct of wirsung
The pancreatic duct (the duct of wirsung) and the common bile duct from the liver drain their contents into this section of the intestine:
duodenum
The condition where fibrous bands cause contractures in the fingers, commonly the ring finger and the little finger is
dupuytrens
During a craniotomy, a Penfield dissector or a Woodson dissector are used to release the ___ from cranial bone
dura mater
Electrocoalation, cryoablation, and radio frequency ablation are procedure performed for
dysfunctional uterine bleedeing
The Lempert elevator is used in surgery of the
ear
Hypertension and a seizure during pregnancy is known as
eclampsia
A 29 year old pregnant presents to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain, referred pain to the shoulder and bleeding, The transvaginal ultrasound shows an absence of an intrauterine pregnancy.
ectopic pregnancy
Sagging and eversion of the lower lid is
ectropion
who first identified a collection of particles of light as photons
einstein
if an object returns to its original position after force has been applied and then removed is said to be
elastic
An elastic adhesive bandage is
elastoplast
An olecranon fracture occurs in the
elbow
The movement of electrical charge through a conductor is called
electrical current
Osteogenesis or bone growth can be induced by
electrical stimulation
Fulguration via the resectoscope is accomplished by the use of an _____ tip
electrode
Diagnostic test used to measure electrical activity of the brain is
electroencephalogram
Which procedure records the electrical activity of the brain?
electroencephalogram
The surgery scheduled as "Greenfield filter insertion" indicates a diagnosis of
emboli formation
*Sudden shortness of breath in a postoperative patient may be indicative of A) pulmonary embolism B) pleural effusion C) emphysema D) asthma
pulmonary embolism
A pressurized solution of antibiotics or saline, commonly used for wound debridement and irrigation is called
pulse lavage system
Which type of suture would be used to invert the stump of an appendix?
purse-string
Temporary diversion of urinary drainage by means of an external catheter that drains the renal pelvis is called Vesicostomy nephrostomy pyelostomy cystostomy
pyelostomy
The procedure performed to open a stricture at the gastric outlet on an infant is
pyloral myotomy
Newborn vomiting, free of bile and projectile in nature, is indicative of
pyloric stenosis
Surgical enlargement of the passage between the prepylorus of the stomach and the duodenum is a
pyloroplasty
criteria that identifies, measures, monitors, and evaluates patient care is
quality assurance program
nucleons are composed of subatomic particles known as
quarks
The most common vessels used for access procedures to facilitate hemodialysis are
radial artery and cephalic vein
A trifurcate neck incision is done for a/n parotidectomy submaxillary gland excision uvulopalatopharyngoplasty radical neck dissection
radical neck dissection
According to CDC guidelines, each of the following actions of the scrub person prevents wounds and punctures EXCEPT
recap injection needles
Circumcision refers to - removal of the foreskin - removal of the glands - widening of the urethral opening - lengthening of the foreskin
removal of the foreskin
The rare use of laser during orthopedic sugery may be seen in the use of the CO2 laser during a revision arthroplasty to
remove a cemented implant
An important consideration during cholangiogram is to
remove all air bubbles from the cholangiocath
The procedure to follow if a hair is found on the operative field is to
remove it with a clamp, cover over area
A staghorn stone is one that lodges and continues to grow in the renal calyx space of Retzius ureter hilum
renal calyx
What would an anterior and posterior repair accomplish?
repair of cystocele and rectocele
Excessive exposure to radiation can affect the
reproduction organs
Removal of a portion of an ocular muscle with reattachment is called
resection
All of the following application can be per formed through an endoscope EXCEPT:
resection of malignant tumors
Nonconducting, isosmotic glycine irrigating solution must be used in the surgical presence of a cystoscope ureteroscope resectoscope nephroscope
resectoscope
Suction tubing should be processed in the following way
residual of distilled water in lumen, steam sterilize, tubing ccoiled
Restriction of the flow of current to a source is called
resistance
A traction that requires surgical insertion of metal rods or pins through bone, and are attached to a traction device that applies force or is attached to a weighted pulley is known as
skeletal traction
Place tissue layers of the abdominal wall in their correct order from the outside in are;
skin, subcutaneous tissue, fascia, muscle, and peritoneum (c)
A secondary video monitor is referred to as a
slave
The aim of stress incontinence operations includes all of the following EXCEPT
to repair a congenital defect. It improves performance of dislodged vesicle neck, restore urethral length, and tighten and restore anteriorurethral vesicle angle.
Cochlear implants utilize an electrode device
to restore hearing
During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the camera operator usually stands
to the right of the first surgical assistant
A sponge that is cotton-filled gauze with a cotton thread attached is a
tonsil
A Hurd dissector and pillar retractor is used for
tonsillectomy
Hemostasis in neurosurgery is achieved by using gelfoam saturated with saline solution or
topical thrombin
To effect homeostasis during a neurosurgical procedure, small pieces of Gelfoam are cut into several different sizes and soaked in
topical thrombin
Which orthopedic hip procedure is indicated for patients with degenerative joint disease or rheumatoid arthritis?
total hip arthroplasty
All of the following procedures may be completed through a cystoscope EXCEPT - biopsy of the bladder tumor - removal of foreign body in bladder - total removal of bladder tumor - cystogram for diagnostic studies
total removal of bladder tumor
Molteno implants are used surgically to reduce intraocular pressure during
trabeculectomy
All of the following are uterine ligaments EXCEPT
transcervical
An alternative approach to surgical TURP utilizing a cystoscopic setup as its base is - suprapubic prostatectomy - transcystoscopic urethroplasty - perineal prostatectomy - retropubic prostatectomy
transcystoscopic urethroplasty
Fulguration is utilized primarily in ____ surgery
transurethral resection (TUR) and prostate operations
*Xylocaine (lidocaine) is used intravenously for A) installation of local anesthesia B) treatment of cardiac arrhythmias C) diuretic action D) restoration of blood volume
treatment of cardiac arrhythmias
The desirable position for better visualization in the lower abdomen or pelvis is
trendelenburg
The system used to accommodate insertion of a laparoscope and endoscopic instruments is called?
trocar and cannula
True/false: basins must be separated by porous material if they are nested
true
A perforated eardrum is corrected by myringotomy stapedectomy stapedotomy tympanoplasty
tympanoplasty
What type of energy is used with the harmonic systems?
ultrasonic
the process called cavitation occurs in the
ultrasonic cleaner
Which of the following is NOT an acceptable technique when draping a patient?
unfold the drapes before bringing them to the OR table
What is the primary reason for performing a thyroplasty? facial nerve paralysis unilateral vocal cord paralysis goiter tumor in the lymph nodes
unilateral vocal cord paralysis
When utilizing the laser, occupational exposure to surgical smoke via the skin, eye, and mucous membranes is best minimized by the use of
universal precautions
The inability to control urination is - reflux - urinary incontinence - hydrocele - vchronic bladder infection
urinary incontinence
The Pereyra needle is used in which specialty area of surgery neurology urology orthopedics ophthalmology
urology
Harmful toxin created during laser surgery and electrosurgery come in the form of?
smoke plume
Guideline for cleaning endoscopic instruments include all of the following EXCEPT
soak instruments for 2 hour
Total laryngectomy includes all the following EXCEPT soft palate strap muscles hyoid bone larynx
soft palate
Following anastomosis of the ureter during a ureteral reimplantation procedure, a _____ is left in place to ensure free drainage of the kidney postoperatively. Foley catheter ureteral catheter T-tube soft stent
soft stent
what laser has the most power output
solid state
"Slow exhaust" in a gravity displacement steam sterilizer is used for
solutions
A precaution necessary when using a pneumatic tourniquet?
solutions must be prevented from pooling under tourniquet
*When handing a syringe of medication to the surgeon for a local anestheric, the scrub nurse should A) ask the circulating nurse what solution he or she has B) ask the circulator to show the vial it came from C) show the surgeon the vial that it came from D) state the kind and percentage of the solution
state the kind and percentage of the solution
gravity displacement utilizes ___________ to destroy microorganisms
steam
gravity displacement, steam sterilizers operate on the principle that
steam is heavier than air
A dressing that is held in place by long suture ends crisscrossed and tied is called a
stent
Long-term or temporary ureteral drainage can be accomplished with a
stent
Neurosurgical procedures done for the purpose of locating and destroying target structures in the brain are called
stereotactic
Which of the following can be a supplement to a subcuticular closure?
steri strips
which of the following kills bacterial spores: sterilant germicide antiseptic fungicide
sterilant
What is the preferred solution used for bronchial washings?
sterile saline
Which condition regarding sterile technique is NOT recommended?
sterile tables may be set up and safely covered until time of surgery
what chemical system uses peracetic acid as the sterilant
steris
In a thyroidectomy, a loop retractor retracts the
sternocleidomastoid muscle
Seamless tubular cotton that stretches to fit a contour and is used for padding is called
stockinette
Seamless tubular cotton that stretches to fit a contour and is used for padding is called an
stockinette
Placement of a Levin tube would be in the
stomach
Sutures placed in a wound to prevent wound evisceration are called
retention
The photo receptive layer of the eye is
retina
The bookwalter is a ________ instrument
retracting
Injection of anesthetic solution into the base of the eyelids or behind the eyeball to block the ciliary ganglion and nerves is known as
retrobulbar
When the prostate gland is removed through an abdominal incision into the anterior prostatic capsule, it is called a _______ prostatectomy. perineal suprapubic retropubic transurethral
retropubic
When performing MIS in the upper abdomen or the lower esophagus the patient is positioned in?
reverse Trendelenberg
Femoral prostheses such as Austin Moore and Thompson are used to correct all of the following diagnoses EXCEPT
rheumatoid arthritis
Which of the following specimens is NOT placed in preservation solution?
stones
Which muscles are incised in the midline of the neck once the skin flaps are completed during a thyroidectomy?
strap
The Pereyra procedure is done for stress incontinence chronic bladder infection drainage of the bladder impotence
stress incontinence
The responsibility of the STSR when applying the case is to keep the foot in a plantar flexed position (toes downward) in order to keep
stress off the new suture line
Which of the following incisions are used in a kidney transplant for the donor patient and the recipient patient? - subcoastal flank, right lower quadrant - right lower quadrant, subcoastal flank - right lower quadrant, right lower quadrant - subcoastal flank, sub coastal flank
subcoastal flank, right lower quadrant
A large, encapsulated collection of blood over one or both cerebral hemispheres that produces intracranial pressure is known as an
subdural hemoatoma
Surgical correction of a deviated septum is known as a/n antrotomy submucous resection rhinoplasty turbinectomy
submucous resection
What gynecologic setup would include various sizes of sterile cannulas?
suction curettage, for incomplete abortions and early terminations
Laser surgery preformed in the rectal area should be preceded by
suctioning of lower bowel to remove methane gas
A procedure done to give the colon a rest and is then reversed is
temporary colostomy
An advanced inflammation of the bowel could be conservatively treated with which procedure?
temporary colostomy
The surgical repair of a torn tendon is
tenorraphy
A cyst that is formed from the germ layer from the developing embryo is called a
teratoma (dermoid)
*CPR is instituted if A) the pulse is below 60, respirations are diminished, and blood pressure is dropping B) there is no pulse or blood pressure, and the pupils contract C) there is no pulse, respiration, or blood pressure, and the pupils are fixed and dilated D) the pulse is weak and irregular, blood pressure is lowered, and pupils are dilated
there is no pulse, respiration, or blood pressure, and the pupils are fixed and dilated
When current passes from the ESU through the active electrode, the energy is converted from electrical to ____
thermal
A synthetic local anesthetic that is effective on the mucous membrane and is used as a surface agent in ophthalmology is
tetracaine
What topical anesthetic is used most frequently for postoperative ocular instillation?
tetracaine
The most common congenital cardiac anomaly in the cyanotic group is
tetralogy of Fallot
instrumentation and equipment are processed according to their level of risk. the system is known as
the Spaulding method
Resolving power of an operating microscope means
the ability to discern detail
If cardiac arrest occurs in the OR, who is responsible for handling artificial ventilation? A) the anesthesiologist B) the circulating nurse C) the surgeon D) the scrub nurse
the anesthesiologist
*Who is responsible for recording all medications given during CPR in the OR? A) the scrub nurse B) the circulating nurse C) the anesthesiologist D) the surgeon's assistant
the circulating nurse
All of the following statement are true of the fiber optic light cord EXCEPT
the cord can be overflexed and coiled
All of the following statements refer to pilonidal cyst surgery EXCEPT
the cyst is removed, but the tract remains
bioburden refers to
the degree of microbial contamination
In surgery, cancer technique refers to
the discarding of instruments coming in contact with tumor after each use
chemical monitors are placed inside and outside of all packs to be sterilized. this monitor shows
the parameters such as heat and pressure have been reached
A pneumatic tourniquet is placed before
the patient is prepped and draped
The following statements regarding a grounding plate for electrosurgery are true EXCEPT
the plate must be placed directly over a bony prominence
AAAs commonly occur below
the renal arteries
when steam is used to sterilize a rubber tubing or catheter
the residual of distilled water should be left inside the lumen of the catheter
A patient was burned on the lip with a hot mouth gag. which of the following actions would have prevented this incident
the scrub nurse could have cooled the item in a basin with sterile water
The proper placement of the patient return electrode or grounding pad should be on
the surgical side
The binocular microscope provides stereoscopic vision. This refers to
the view afforded by double eyepieces
A cytologic specimen collector used in bronchoscopy is
lukens
The tube that collects bronchial washings is
lukens
In cochlear implantation, the receiver is placed into which bone of the skull to gather impulses and send it along to the cerebral cortex? parietal mastoid occipital frontal
mastoid
Cholesteatoma is treated by doing a tympanoplasty myringotomy stapedectomy mastoidectomy
mastoidectomy
Anything that has mass and occupies space is termed
matter
In an extreme patient emergency, a sponge count
may be omitted
Urethral meatal stenosis is corrected by a/n frenulotomy meatotomy ureteral dilation extirpation of the penis
meatotomy
the study of objects in motion is
mechanics
The most frequent site of cartilage tears in the knee joint are at the
medial meniscus
The most commonly used incision for surgical procedures of the heart is
median sternotomy
A reduction of negative pressure on one side of the thoracic cavity that causes the negative pressure on the normal side to pull in an effort to equalize pressure is called
mediastinal shift
The endoscope that provides a view of the middle of the thorax, between the two pleural sacs is
mediastinoscope
What instrument is used to view lymph nodes or masses in the space that medially separates the pleural cavities?
mediastinoscope
A chalazion is a chronic inflammation of the
meibomian gland
A tumor arising from the covering of the brain is an
meningioma
What is the most common congenital lesion encountered, requiring neurosurgical intervention?
meningomyelocele
endometrial ablation is performed to correct
menorrhagis
A cast applied from the hips to the head, which is used to immobilize cervical fractures is a
minerva jacket
If a knitted graph is preclotted, it
minimizes bleeding
A drug used to contract the sphincter of the iris during an intracapsular cataract extraction is
miochol
What is the most common acquired valvular lesion?
mitral stenosis
the device that enables a computer to send and receive information by phone line is called a
modem
Which breast procedure removes the entire breast and axillary contents but preserves the pectoral muscles?
modified radical mastectomy
*When performing a thorocotomy, the wound edges are covered to protect them from bruising with what? a. nothing is used to prevent loosing something b. moist lap pads or towels c. to and fros d. 4X4's
moist lap pads or towels
During a laparotomy, the surgeon packs the abdominal contents away from the diseased area with
moist laps
What is the most effective barrier to stop laser energy from penetrating healthy tissue? proper use of goggles covering reflective windows checking laser equipment after each use moist padding of surrounding tissue
moist padding of surrounding tissue
Before handing a Penrose drain to the surgeon
moisten it in saline
Each of the following are measures used to control the effects of the laser plume EXCEPT
moistened drapes
Intraabdominally, lap pads are most often used
moistened with saline
Patties are
moistened with saline
Peanuts and dissecting sponges are generally
moistened with saline
A technique employed for cervical biopsy is
multiple punches at 3,6,9, and 12 o' clock
A catheter commonly used in a gastrostomy is a
mushroom
A pezzer is a
mushroom catheter
The most common defects that occur when the embryonic development of the central nervous system (spinal cord and brain) fail to close completely is spina bifida, aencephaly and encephlocele. This condition is called
neural defect
Compression of subclavian vessels and brachial plexus at the superior aperture of the thorax is known as
thoracic outlet syndrome
Compression of the subclavian vessels and the brachial plexis usually caused by the first rib is surgically known as
thoracic outlet syndrome
What incision is indicated for an esophagogastrectomy?
thoracoabdominal
How many anastomoses must be completed to effect a single-lung transplant?
three
Galvanic corrosion is a process that occurs postoperatively because of mixed
use of metals for implant
A humi cannula is used in
used in uterine cavity for tubal with Meth blue during microscopic reconstruction of the fallopian tube
A surgical procedure in which a nerve is freed from binding adhesion for relief of pain and restoration of function is termed
neurolysis
Which of the following diseases CANNOT be treated by sympathectomy?
neuroma
Which incision is used when doing a TURP? suprapubic retropubic Pfannenstial none of the above
none of the above
Suction tubing is attached to the drapes with a/an
nonperforating clamp
Oxytocics are given in a cesarean after the baby's shoulder are delivered
to contract the uterus
Why is the table straightened before closing a kidney incision? - to facilitate easy respirations - to create better approximation of tissues - to facilitate better circulation - to prevent nerve damage
to create better approximation of tissues
Why must the electrocautery tip be kept clean?
to ensure electrical contact effectiveness
What nerves are carefully preserved during a pneumonectomy?
vagus, left recurrent laryngeal, and phrenic
Opacity of the vitreous humor is treated by performing a
vitrectomy
Which solution is NOT used during a transurethral prostatectomy? normal saline sorbitol mannitol glycine
normal saline
The umbilical cord proceeding the fetal head is
nuchal cord
The center of an atom is called the
nucleus
Irrigation is used with the ear drill to remove bone fragments to minimize transfer of heat from burr to surrounding structures to add moisture to control bleeding
to minimize transfer of heat from burr to surrounding structures
Why are only moist sponges utilized during electrocautery use?
to prevent fire
Why are bumpers or bolsters used on retention sutures?
to prevent the suture from cutting into the skin surface
Why are gown, gloves, drapes, and instruments changed following a breast biopsy and before incision for a mastectomy?
to protect margins of healthy tissue from tumor cells
Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery
to reduce oxygen consumption
The gel-like substance that fills the posterior chamber and nourishes the tissue layers is
vitreous humor
a repeated periodic disturbance or variation of energy carried through a medium from point to point is called
wave
when entering a room while the laser is in use you must
wear protective eyewear
People who are near the CO2 laser impact area can guard against corneal injuries by
wearing amber-tinted lenses
An item used for padding that has smooth and clingy layers called
webril
A small fine needle holder used in plastic surgery is a
webster
The self-retaining retractor used when performing a fem-pop bypass is
weitlaner
A tourniquet is utilized only
when hemorrhage is not controlled by other methods
A specially treated form of surgical gauze that has a hemostatic effect when buried in tissue is
oxycel
Nonclosure at birth of the duct that carries blood from the pulmonary artery directly to the aorta is termed
patent ductus arteriosus
the Latin expression "aeger primo" refers to
patient first
The tips of the active electrodes used in minimally invasive surgery (MIS) are coated with insulation to prevent
patient from being burned
The tourniquet is contraindicated if
patient's circulation to distal part of extremity is poor
A PCA pump affords
patient-controlled pain relief
All of the following are TRUE regarding the rigid bronchoscope EXCEPT
patients who have difficulty hyperextending the neck and difficult jaw manipulation
A dissecting sponge made of gauze that is used to dissect or absorb fluid is called a
peanut
Blunt dissection of the gallbladder from the sulcus of the liver requires the use of a
peanut
A congenital malformation of the chest wall with a pronounced funnel-shaped depression is called
pectum exavatum
The instrument used in a splenectomy is a
pedicle clamp
An endoscopic approach to pelvic and intrabdominal examination is
pelviscopy. Note, Many procedures can be done with this.
The procedure to treat organic sexual impotence is spermatocelectomy varicocelectomy testicular implant penile implant
penile implant
A Furlow insertor is used in
penile implantation
All of the following drains are considered active postoperative drains that are attached to an external force EXCEPT
penrose
An example of a passive drain is
penrose
Which item retracts the spermatic cord structure in herniorrhaphy?
penrose drain
A sterilant that is used on endoscopes that is bactericidal, fungicidal, and sporicidal in 20-30 minutes processing time is
peracetic acid
the chemical sterilant used in the STERIS method of cleaning is
peracetic acid
Conservative treatment of occlusive disease involving recanalization to restore the lumen of a vessel is called
percutaneous transluminal angoiplasty (PTA)
The term used to denote the function accomplished by the cardiopulmonary bypass machine is
perfusion
Following a hemorrhoidectomy?
petroleum gauze packing is placed in the anal canal
Rectal packing is made of
petroleum-treated gauze
Which of the following is NOT a type of ureteral catheter tip?
pezzar
The curved transverse incision used for pelvic surgery is
pfannenstiel
A Cavitron unit is used for
phacoemulsification
Which of the following uses ultrasonic energy to fragment the lens in extracapsular cataract extraction?
phacoemulsifier
Which of the following meninges lies closest to the brain?
pia mater
White balancing a video camera in endoscopy requires the scrub person to focus the camera on
white sponge, white wall, glove wrapper (d)
As grossly soiled instruments are returned to the scrub, they should be?
wiped off with a sponge moistened with water or soaked in a basin of stile distilled water.
A technique utilizing the insertion of a needle or wire through a needle in order to identify suspicious breast tissue is a
wire localization
The procedure where a hooked wire is inserted under fluoroscopy into the suspicious tissue called
wire localization
If arch bars remain in the patient postoperatively, what must be kept with the patient at all times to access the airway in case of emergency? endotracheal tube naso endotracheal tube wirecutter tracheostomy tray
wirecutter
Temporal mandibular joint (TMJ) arthroplasty is performed for all these disorders EXCEPT grinding of the teeth trauma wisdom teeth arthritis
wisdom teeth
Amputated extremities are
wrapped and refrigerated in the morgue
An enzymatic drug commonly used with anesthetic solutions to increase tissue diffusion is
wydase
Which suction tip has an angle and is used in the mouth or throat?
yankauer
What self-retaining retractor is used to maintain traction of brain tissue?
yasargil
All of following are true of white balancing EXCEPT
you can use the back of sterile drape or a surgical sponge
The ideal candidate for a noncemented total hip arthroplasty is
young and healthy person
An esophageal diverticulum is also known as
zenker diverticulum
Raney clips are
hemostatic scalp clips
A head drape consists of
Medium sheet, towel, towel clip
any time that an objects velocity is changing we say it is
accelerating
A laser plume is composed of
carbionized particles, water, and odor
The Sengstaken-Blakemore tube is used for
esophageal hemorrhage
A postoperative complication attributed to glove powder entering a wound it
granulomata
Which procedure would not require a pressure dressing?
hysterectomy
An endoscopic investigation of the uterus and tubes is a
hysteroscopy
The intestinal layer in order, from inside to outside, is
mucosa, submucosa, serosa (b)
The only arteries in the body that carry deoxygenated blood to the lungs are
pulmonary
Traction applied directly on bone via pins, wires, or tongs is
skeletal
What is the correct order of dressing a surgical wound: (1) place dressing, (2) wash the incision, (3) cover sterile dressing with a towel, and (4) remove drapes? (a) 1,2,3,4 (b) 2,1,3,4 (c) 3,4,1,2 (d) 3,4,2,1
(b) 2,1,3,4
Which magnifying powers are available for the microscope eyepieces?
10x, 12.5x, 16x, 20x
A lumbar or simple flank incision for ureter or kidney surgery may include removal of which ribs? 5 and 6 7 and 8 9 and 10 11 and 12
11 and 12
Most outlets in the operating room run on
110v
the code of ethics of the Association of Surgical Technologists include:
1) to follow the principles of asepsis 2) report any unethical conduct or practice to proper authorities 3) to respect and practice the patients legal and moral rights for quality patient care
Arrange the following procedure of removing drapes at the end of the procedure in proper order?
1, 3, 2, 4
to kill spores,an item must be immersed in a 2% aqueous solution of glutaraldehyde for
10 hrs
The range of focal lengths of the objective lenses in the operating microscope is
100-400 mm
Equate the radiation exposure in fluoroscopy as compared to that of a single x-ray
10:1
Which degree endoscope is used ONLY in maxillary sinus surgery? 30° 70° 90° 120°
120°
Miochol solution is prepared for a cataract procedure no more than ____ minutes before the actual instillation
15
The maximum pressure allowed to prevent the possible intraoperative complications of bradycardia, blood pressure changes, and potential gas emboli during a laparoscopic procedure is
15 mm Hg
the amount of pressure necessary in a steam sterilizer set at 250°F is
15-17 lbs
Plates and screws are the primary means of repairing facial fractures. What is the order of instrumentation used for this procedure? (1) power drill with drill bit (2) placement of plate (3) placement screws (4) depth gauge 1,2,3,4, 2,3,4,1 3,4,1,2 2,1,4,3
2,1,4,3
The size of the suture is based on it diameter an example of a suture with the same diameter is a 2-0 silk and
2-0 nylon
in a high-speed flash sterilizer, unwrapped instruments are exposed for a minimum
3 min
the minimum exposure time for unwrapped instruments in a flash sterilizer that is set at 257°F (132°C) is
3 minutes
activated glutaraldehyde is used to disinfect endoscopes for
20 mins
glutaraldehyde is a high-level disinfectant, that is, a sporicidal, bacteriocidal, and virocidal at 2% concentration for _______________, it is also a tuberculocidal
20 mins
wrapped basin sets may be sterilized by steam under pressure at 250°F for a minimum of
20 minutes
The proper setting for a tourniquet applied to an arm is
250-300 mm Hg
to achieve 270°F, the required pressure is
27 psi
The smallest diameter on a French scale is a
3
The closing counts are done in what order
3,1,2,4
If the count is incorrect the proper order or procedural steps are 1. radiograph is taken 2. search initiated 3. notify surgeon
3,2,1
*When cardiac arrest occurs, resuscitative measures must begin within A) 2 minutes B) 3-5 minutes C) 2-7 minutes D) 5-8 minutes
3-5 minutes
When are counts done in the OR
Before beginning of case at beginning of wound closure and at skin closure
To activate a fire extinguisher, what will be the correct order of the following: (1) sweep (2) aim (3) squeeze (4) pull?
4,2,3,1
When performing a C-section the first count is initiated
Before closing the uterus
A common size chest tube is a
30 Fr
a wrapped tray of instruments is sterilized in a gravity displacement sterilizer at 250°F for
30 minutes
Continuous irrigation following TURP is accomplished by use of a - suprapubic cystotomy tube - 30-cc three-way Foley catheter - 5-cc three-way Foley catheter - 30-cc two-way Foley catheter
30-cc three-way Foley catheter
Morbid obesity is defined as BMI (Body Mass Index) greater than
40
Bradycardia is defined as ___ beats per minute
40-60
There are ___ cervical vertebrae
7 cervical vertebrae
Water temperature for plaster cast application is
70-75 Fahrenheit
What term is referred to the ability of humans and robots to determine which direction sound is coming from? A. Biaural hearing B. Unidirectional hearing C. Voice activated D. Automated hearing
A) Biaural hearing
Which of the following parts for robotic surgery should not be sterilized? A. Manipulators B. The collar that connects the endoscope C. The endoscope D. Surgical instrumentation
A) Manipulators
Sterilization of component parts for endscopic robotic surgery is best accomplished by A. STERIS system B. Steam sterilization C. Hydrogen peroxide sterilizer D. ETO gas sterilization
A) STERIS system
The #1 arm of the robot holds A. Scope and camera B. Instruments C. Insulation tubing D. None of the above
A) Scope and camera
The "right to left" movement of a robotic arm is called A. Yaw B. Roll C. Pitch D. X-y-z-axis rotation
A) Yaw
The ability of a machine, microscope, human, and robot of differentiate between two objects is called A. Resolution B. Binaural vision C. Cylindrical geometry D. Degrees of freedom
A)Resolution
A general consent form is A. A form authorizing all treatments or procedures B. A form for all patients having general anesthesia C. A form for all patients having hazardous therapy D. Another name for an operative permit
A. A form authorizing all treatments or procedures
The patient is premedicated and brought to the operating room (OR) for a cystoscopy and an open reduction of the wrist. Upon arrival in the OR, it is observed that the patient has only signed for the cystoscopy. The correct procedure would be to A. Cancel surgery until a valid permission can be obtained B. Have the patient sign for the additional procedure in the OR C. Ask the patient verbally for consent and have witnesses attest to it D. Let the surgeon make the decision as to whether surgery could be done
A. Cancel surgery until a valid permission can be obtained
The procedure that is performed for dialysis that produces a direct anastamosis between an artery and a vein is
AV fistula
Not all patient are suitable for MIS. The term is for patient who have scarring of internal organs due to previous abdominal surgeries is
Abdominal adhesions
Retention sutures with bolsters would be used in what type of incision
Abdominal midline
A panniculectomy is also known as... Abdominoplasty Z-plasty Mammoplasty Otoplasty
Abdominoplasty
Microtia refers to... Protrusion of the external ear Absence of the external ear Abnormally small ear Imperforate ear
Absence of the external ear
In an instrument count
All instruments and parts must be counted
Damage to loss or specimens results in
All of the above
The skin provides which of the following vital functions: Protects underlying tissues snd organs Excretes organic wastes and stores nutrients Excretes water and dissipates heat as a means of thermoregulation All of the above
All of the above
This procedure is performed on a patient with chronic and end-stage renal disease to aid in filtering the blood and removing ingested toxins? AV fistula AV shunt Peritoneal dialysis All of the above
All of the above
What components are required for a fire and are found in an OR setting/
All of the above
What type of specimen requires immediate analysis
All of the above
Which of the following is considered a foreign body
All of the above
During a thyroidectomy, the surgeon identifies and preservers which of the following structure(s): recurrent laryngeal parathyroid glands superior laryngeal All the above
All the above
Maxillomandibular fixation (MMF) is a procedure used to realign the teeth or to maintain the patients normal bite position. Which of the following is used during MMF? Arch bars Bicoronal plate Bicortical screw Plates and screws
Arch bars
What term is used when likening "robotic vision" to "human vision?" A. Sensitivity B. Binocular vision C. Depth perception D. Resolution
B) Binocular vision
The most popular robotic system used today is A. AESOP HR B. DaVinci system C. Surgical navigation D. Both A and B
B) DaVinci System
STSAs responsibility when changing instruments on the robotic arm is A. Advance the instruments B. Guide the instruments C. Choose the next instrument D. Wash instrument
B) Guide the instruments
The position used for a robotic assisted prostatectomy is a A. Lateral kidney B. Low lithotomy C. Pfannenstial D. Prone
B)Low lithotomy
What term is used when the surgeon performs the surgical procedure miles away from the surgeon? A. Expert system B. Telesurgery C. Coordinate geometry D. Degrees of freedom
B)Telesurgery
Implied consent A. Is the preferred option for consents B. Is allowed by law in emergencies when no other authorized person may be contacted C. Is never legally valid D. Is the permission for surgical action
B. Is allowed by law in emergencies when no other authorized person may be contacted
All off the following instruments have teeth EXCEPT
Babcock
The Fallopian tube is grasped with a
Babcock
All of the following are required for repair of a nasal fracture EXCEPT
Ballenger swivel knife
Nasal cartilage is incised with a
Ballenger swivel knife
The most common type of skin cancer is... Basal cell Melanoma Squamous cell Nevi
Basal cell
Which procedure would utilize a Mason-Judd retractor?
Bladder
Which needle would be used on a liver resection
Blunt
Chromic and plain gut suture originate from
Both A and B
Marsupialization of a Bartholin cyst involves the
Both A and B (A) suturing the posterior wall of the cyst to the skin edges (B) removal of anterior wall of cyst
The best measure for staff protection against HIV is
Both A and B A) handling all needles and sharps carefully B) using barriers to avoid direct contact with blood and body fluids
What is the most commonly used donor tendon for a free flexor tendon graft? Palmaris longus Plantaris tendon Abductor pollicis longus Both A and B
Both A and B (Palmaris longus, Plantaris tendon)
Free jejunal tissue transfers are frequently successful as adjunct surgical revisions following... Laryngoesphagectomy Esophagectomy iliectomy Both A and B
Both A and B (laryngoesophagectomy, esophagectomy)
An alternative to abdominal hysterectomy utilizing an endoscope is surgically termed a/an
Both A and C (A) laparoscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH) (C) pelviscopic-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (PAVH)
Pelviscopy differs from laparoscopy in the
Both A and C (A) utilization of a larger trocar and scope (C) utilization of a 30-degree angled scope
Bulky dressings added to the intermediate layer of a three-layer dressing are used to... Eliminate dead space Concentrate pressure in one area Immobilize a body part Both A and C
Both A and C (Eliminate dead space, Immobilize a body part)
Bacteria cultures obtained during surgery are
Both B and C
Risks associated with prep solutions pooling under a patient include?
Both B and C
What syringe is used to evacuate bladder, prostate or Stone fragments? Cystoscope Ellik Toomey Both B and C
Both B and C
Which suture needle is contrindicated for a repair of nerve tissue
Both B and C
Adherent, occlusive dressings that are used when slight or no drainage is expected are transparent polyurethane film such as... Telfa Bioclusive Opsite Both B and C
Both B and C (Bioclusive, opsite)
Where is the robot positioned during a prostatectomy? A. Right side B. Left side C. Between legs D. At the head
C) Between legs
Reconstruction of the fallopian tube setup would include
Bowman lacrimal probes
Urethral strictures can be dilated by use of each of the following EXCEPT: - Phillips filiform and followers - Van Buren sounds - Braasch bulb - McCarthy dilators
Braasch bulb
What type of biopsy is performed during a flexible endoscopic procedure
Brush biopsy
The goal of deformable modeling is A. Replace an MRI B. Translate a surgeons hand movements C. Achieve a three-dimensional model D. Position the manipulators
C) Achieve a three-dimensional model
The patient is scheduled for an appendectomy. After completing this procedure, the surgeon decides to remove a mole from the shoulder while the patient is still under anesthesia. No permission was obtained for this. The circulating nurse should A. Report it to the anesthesiologist B. Report it to the chief of surgery C. Report it to the supervisor or proper administrative authority D. Let the surgeon proceed because it is his or her responsibility to obtain the consent
C. Report it to the supervisor or proper administrative authority
The ultimate responsibility for obtaining consent lies with the A. OR supervisor B. Circulating nurse C. Surgeon D. Unit charge nurse
C. Surgeon
accreditation for surgical technology programs is
CAAHEP
Lesion of the larynx and vocal chords can be addressed surgically using which laser? Nd: Yag Holmium CO2 Argon
CO2
The preferred type of fire extinguisher used for operating room fires is?
CO2
What combination of lasers are particularly useful in surgery of the larynx and vocal chords? CO2 and argon CO2 and helium neon CO2 and Nd:YAG argon and helium neon
CO2 and helium neon
The risks of cone biopsy are minimized by using the
CO2 laser
Vaporization and coagulation of hemorrhoidal tissue can be accomplished with
CO2 laser
Which surgery requires an incision under the upper lip above the teeth? Caldwell-Luc Submucous resection Frontal sinus operation Frontal sinus trephination
Caldwell-Luc
Extrauterine disease of the female reproductive system may utilize any of the following laser via a colposcope or laparoscope EXCEPT
Candela
Laser lithotripsy utilizes the tunable pulsed-dye laser known as diode Nd:YAG Candela argon
Candela
During minimally invasive surgery (MIS), what is used to achieve a pneumoperitoneum?
Carbon dioxide
A mentoplasty involves augmentation of... Chin Lips Ears Nose
Chin
the commercial name for glutaraldehyde is
Cidex
Which setup would include a Gomco clamp?
Circumcision
most packaged sterilized equipment from a manufacturer such a sutures, sponges, and disposable drapes are sterilized by means of
Cobalt 60 (ionizing radiation)
Which of the following medications would be used as a topical anesthetic before nasal surgery? Numorphan Codeine Cocaine Marcaine
Cocaine
Skeletal traction is accomplished with
Crutchfield tongs
When the scrub person is draping a nonsterile table, he or she must?
Cuff the drape over his or her gloved hands
When using a skin gun the staples go through which two layers
Cuticular and subcuticular
The STSRs responsibility when setting up for a robot case includes A. Check all instruments prior to using B. White balance and calibrate camera C. Determine where the third arm will be placed D. All of the above
D) All of the above
The technical term for the extent that a robotic joint or joints can move clockwise or counterclockwise and around the axis A. Manipulation B. Degree of freedom C. Roll D. Degrees of rotation
D) Degrees of rotation
What term identifies the arms of a robot in surgery? A. Articulations B. Ratchets C. Graspers D. Manipulators
D) Manipulators
Conditions of signing a consent form include A. Signed voluntarily B. Patient must be competent C. Patient must sign before preoperative medications are given D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Consents are required for A. Anesthesia B. Blood and blood products C. Experimental treatments D. All of the above
D. All of the above
The surgical consent is signed A. Before induction B. In the holding area C. The morning of surgery D. Before administration of preoperative medications
D. Before administration of preoperative medications
An informed consent A. Authorizes routine duties carried out at the hospital B. Protects patient from unratified or unwanted procedures C. Protects the surgeon and the hospital from claims of an unauthorized operation D. Both B and C
D. Both B and C
The surgical consent form can be witnessed by each of the following EXCEPT A. The surgeon B. A nurse C. An authorized hospital employee D. The patient's spouse
D. The patient's spouse
Which statement regarding the withdrawal of a consent by a patient is NOT true? A. The surgeon informs the patient of the dangers if the procedure is not carried out B. The surgeon informs the hospital administration of the patient's refusal C. The surgeon obtains a written refusal from the patient D. The surgeon may do the procedure if he documents that it is necessary as a lifesaving measure
D. The surgeon may do the procedure if he documents that it is necessary as a lifesaving measure
A long thoracic forceps is a
Debakey
Removal of nonviable tissue from a nonhealing or traumatic wound is known as... Debridement Undermining Grafting Mohs surgery
Debridement
When preparing a pateint for a breast biospy, a breast scrub is either eliminated or done very gently because of ?
Didpersal of cancer cells
A bougie is a
Dilator
Which procedure is followed if the scrub is pricked with a needle? Change glove only Discard needle, change glove Place new glove over old Change gown and gloves
Discard needle, change glove
Stones are sent to pathology in
Dry container
What kind of retractor is generally used in areas near viable nerves or blood vessels?
Dull rake
A progressive disease of the palmar fascia is termed... Dupuytren's contracture Tendinitis Carpal tunnel syndrome Synovitis
Dupuytren's contracture
On which setup would a Beaver knife handle be found
Eye
The disposable circular staple designed to hold two tubular structures together after resection is known as
EEA
what method of sterilization is used on objects that cannot tolerate heat, moisture, and the presence of steam sterilization
ETO
Which type of surgery would require several patent suction cannulas and suction often controlled by a foot pedal?
Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT)
The condition in which to urethral meatus is located on the top side of the penis? Penile implant Hypospadias Epispadias Meatotomy
Epispadias
Burned tissue that is nonelastic and may constrict underlying structures is... Eschar Split thickness skin graft Keloid None of the above
Eschar
What bandage effects the process of exsanguination of a limb prior to the used of a tourniquet? Kling Elastoplast Esmarch Ace
Esmarch
On which setup would bougies be found
Esophagoscopgy
In which procedural setup would a T-tube be found?
Exploration of the common bile duct
If a sterile field becomes moistened during a case
Exter drapes are added to area
Which body organ is most susceptible to laser injury?
Eye
Radiation exposure of the staff is monitored with
Film badges
A rib retractor is a
Finochietto
The main purpose of the skin prep is to
Remove dirt, oil, and microbes, and to reduce the microbial count
All are guideline for proper handing of a telescope EXCEPT
always hold the scope by its shaft
In preparation for surgery, skin should be washed and painted?
From the incision site to the periphery in a circular motion
When draping a table, the scrub nurse should drape
Front to back
Which statement demonstrates a break in technique during the draping process?
Gloved hands may touch the skin of the patient
An abdominal wall defect may be reconstructed using
Gore-Tex patch
What is the self-retaining retractor used in vaginal procedures?
Graves
Deaver and Richardson retractors have an advantage over the Balfour and O'Conner/ O'Sullivan retractors in that they provide
Greater adjustability
In which surgical specialty would a Humi Cannula be used
Gynecologic
Macromastia in males is reffered to as... Accessory Gynecomastia Small breasts None of the above
Gynecomastia
Uterine dilators are
Hanks
Which instrument is a retractor
Harrington
A surgical treatment for scoliosis could employ the use of ?
Harrington rods
Which setup would include distraction and compression components?
Harrington rods
Rib removal for surgical exposure of the kidney requires all of the following EXCEPT a
Heaney clamp
Rib removal for surgical exposure of the kidney requires all of the following EXCEPT a/n Alexander Periosteotome Doyen raspatory Heaney clamp Stille shears
Heaney clamp
What mode would be utilized to maintain drainage postoperatively in radical neck surgery? Penrose drain Hemovac Sump drain T-tube
Hemovac
A kidney pedicle clamp is a
Herrick
What procedure cannot be performed through a pelviscope?
Hysterectomy
A rectal speculum is a
Hill
Endoscopic visualization of the uterine cavity is called
Hysteroscopy
What cranial nerve is responsible for the sense of smell?
I
An instrument used in laparoscopy to manipulate the uterus for increase structure visibility is the?
Hulka
Intraoperative chromotubation can be effected by all of the following surgical cannulaes EXCEPT
Hulka
After the interior pillar of a tonsil is incised with a #12 blade, the tonsil is freed from its attachments with a Sluder guillotine Laforce guillotine Hurd dissector Boettcher scissors
Hurd dissector
A penile defect in which the urethra ends on the ventral surface of the penile shaft or in the perineum is termed... Epispadias Chordee Phimosis Hypospadias
Hypospadias
The technique applied to the patient who is unable to be weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass is
IAPB and VADs (d)
Orthopedic implants are covered by all of the following rules EXCEPT
If the implant is driven by force, a driver with a metal head must be used
An emergency drug useful in ventricular fibrillation or tachycardia is A) Aramine B) atropine C) Inderal D) calcium chloride
Inderal
Which item would not be included on a setup for a transvenous (endocardial) pacemaker?
Intra-aortic balloon pump
In an appendectomy a purse string suture is used to
Invert the stump of the appendix
Betadine is categorized as a/an
Iodophor
STSR should________ to prevent buildup of heat created by friction
Irrigate the active tip (high-speed drills)
The radiographic diagnostic test used to outline the structures of the kidney ureters and bladder is known as MRI retrograde pylogram GU radiograph KUB
KUB
Before insertion of the penile implant, the insertion site, as well as the implant itself is irrigated with normal saline Betadine sterile water Kanamycin and Bacitracin
Kanamycin and Bacitracin
A scar that is hypertrophic and bulbous and usually does not reduce over time is... Papilloma Keloid Eschar Nevis
Keloid
What procedure accomplishes correction of myopia?
Keratophakia and Keratotomy (d)
A rongeur used extensively in surgery of the spine and in neurosurgery is the
Kerrison
Skeletal traction of a lower leg is accomplished with the use of a
Kirschner wire
Gastrointestinal decompression during a general surgical procedure can be effected by the use of a
Levine tube, and miller-abbot tube (d)
A craniotomy may employ the use of a ______ for expose.
Leyla-Yasargil
Specialized instrumentation for a cleft lip repair would include
Logan's bow
The tube that collects bronchial washings is
Lukens
A device used to correct and counteract internal bleeding conditions and hypovolemia is an
MAST
A vesicourethral abdominal suspension is known as a
Marshall- Marchetti
How is inhalation of the laser plume best prevented?
Mechanical smoke evacuator on field
In order to reduce friction between the skin and the blade of the dermatome, the site is prepped with... Methylene blue Betatine Chloraprep Mineral oil
Mineral oil
What surgery is performed to treat otitis media?
Myringotomy
The laser used to destroy small recurrent bladder tumors is the CO2 Argon Nd:YAG both A and B
Nd:YAG
A prep that includes from the chin to the nipple line or the waist and around the side of the body to the OR table on each side is indicated for what type of surgery?
Neck (radical)
When using a sterile syringe, the scrub nurse should... Always let the surgeon always let the surgeon attach the needle Always use a Leur-Lok tip Never use a Leur-Slip (plain tip) Never touch the plunger except at the end
Never touch the plunger except at the end
Soiled sponges are
Never touched with bare hands
endotracheal tubes and other anesthetic equipment can easily ignite in the presence of laser energy and
O2 rich anesthetic agents
Which item in the optical lens system is responsible for magnification?
Oculars, and Objective lens (d)
A urology perineal retractor system is called
Omni-tract
What is a Lebsche used for
Open the sternum
The ideal place to do the shave prep is in the ?
Operating room (OR) suite
Which drug is given to aid in placental expulsion?
Oxytocic
AA medical imaging technique that reveals the body's dynamic activities is
PET
The majority of benign salivary gland tumors occur in which gland? Sublingual Submaxillary Parotid Submandibular
Parotid
An amputated limb is sent
Pathology
When would the used of Esmarch be contraindicated?
Patient has had recent injury, or recent cast (b)
What is the preferred procedure for recurrent or persistent carcinoma of the cervix after radiation therapy has been completed?
Pelvic exenteration
When closing a uterus in a cesarean the edges of the uterine incision are clamped with which of the following?
Pennington
The first closing count is performed on which abdominal layer
Peritoneum
All of the following instruments can be found on a nasal setup EXCEPT
Potts forceps
An enterocele differs diagnostically from a rectocele by its contents and its position in the perineum. Its location is in the
Pouch of Douglas
Which is the antisolution of choice for a skin prep
Povidone-iodine
When prepping a contaminated such as a colostomy, the procedure includes?
Prep the clean surrounding area first then with clean sponges, prep the contaminated area
Which of the following is a monofilament suture?
Prolene
A forceps used to remove stones in biliary surgery is a
Randall
Stones forceps on a kidney set are
Randall
Which of the following actions by the scrub person is NOT an acceptable sterile technique principle?
Reaching behind sterile team memebers to receive instruments so they do not collect on the patient
A Minin is a
Retropubic bladder retractor
A face lift is termed a... Blepharoplasty Mentoplasty Rhytidectomy Lipectomy
Rhytidectomy
A Bailey is a
Rib approximator
A Doyen is a
Rib raspatory
All of the following are self retaining retractors EXCEPT
Richardson
Which endoscope is used to perform surgical assessment and operative procedures such as a TURP?
Rigid endoscope
Cooling and flushing of pancreas, liver, and kidneys of cadaver donors is accomplished by cannulation of the organ and infusion of large amounts of cold saline solution Ringer's lactate solution sterile water Sack's solution
Ringer's lactate solution
A Sauerbruch is a
Rongeur
Who directly responsible for receiving and handling the specimen on the sterile field
STSR
Instruments added to the sterile field after the case is in progress are counted by
STSR and circulator
Another name for submucous resection is septoplasty rhinoplasty antrostomy trephination
Septoplasty
Any area that is consider contaminated?
Should be scrubbed last or separately
Which procedure require a sterile setup
Skeletal traction
What is the body's primary defense against infection?
Skin
Good contact between a skin graft and the recipient site is facilitated by use of a/n... Stent dressing Elastoplast Splint-Ace bandage dressing Biologic dressing
Stent dressing
During the sponge count procedures which action would constitute an UNACCEPTABLE technique
Soiled sponges used for prep remain in kick bucket and are not part of count
Which of the following sutures would commonly cause the least tissue reaction
Stainless steel
When local anesthetic is passed to the surgeon, Hand syringe with cap on State kind and percentage of solution State amount being handed Show surgeon the label
State kind and percentage of solution
A dressing that is held in place by long suture ends crisscrossed and tied is called a... Passive Strip closure Proxi-strip Stent
Stent
A method of applying dressing to an unstable area, such as the face or neck, utilizing long sutures tied over the dressing for stability is known as... Pressure Stent One-layer Three-layer
Stent
a 30 minute singke-use sterilization system useful for endoscope is
Steris
A name given to a suture ligature that is passed through a vessel or a duct for ligation is
Stick tie
A seamless, stretchable material often used to cover extremities during draping is
Stockinette
A keith needle is
Straight needle with the cutting point
Which of the following dilators are used to dilate the urethra Hanks Hagar Cysto Van Buren
Van Buren
Rectal surgery prep is done?
Surrounding area is prepped first, anus last
Counted items include
Suture reels
What term is used for a suture thread preattached to a needle
Swagged
Which breast reconstruction procedure reconstructs the breast without the use of implants?
TRAM
If the surgical technician in the scrub role recieves a broken needle back from the surgeon they should
Tell the surgeon immediately
Which term refers to the amount of force needed to break the suture
Tensile
The initial count requires
That the count be done aloud by circulator and scrub
A cutting needle would be used on
The bowel
All of the following statements regarding the preparation for a skin graft are true EXCEPT The dermatome is placed on the recipient table The donor site is prepared with a colorless antiseptic agent Separate setups are necessary for skin preparation of recipient and donor sites Items used in preparation of the recipient site must not be permitted to contaminate the donor site
The dermatome is placed on the recipient table
The following statements regarding counts are true EXCEPT
The relief scrub or circulator does not need to repeat count if only one of them is relieved
Conization of the cervix may be accomplished by all of the following EXCEPT
Thomas uterine curette
A strand of suture material attached to the top of an adson clamp or a right angle is
Tie on a passer
What drug is used to effect coronary thrombolysis in the cardiac catheterization laboratory?
Tissue plasminogen activator and streptokinase (d)
Blunt nerve hooks are selected for a _______ setup
Vagotomy
Syndactyly refers to... An extra digit An absent digit Webbing of the digits An ear protrussion
Webbing of the digits
An item used for padding that has smooth and clingy layers is called... Webril Stockingette Telfa Gypsum
Webril
A self retaining retractor is a
Weitlaner
At which point in a cesarean is a bulb syringe used?
When the fetal head is delivered
Preliminary preparation of the patient's skin begins
With a preoperative shower
The most widely used method of scar revision next to scar removal is... Chemical peel Sanding Z-plasty Palnning
Z-plasty
A grounding pad is not required for electrocautery in
a bipolar unit
Which wound is assigned to tissue healing by granulation? a- Secondary intention b- Third intention c- Fourth intention d- Inflammatory intention
a secondary intention
Which of the following is considered a break in sterile technique?
a sterile person sits or leans against a nonsterile surface
A central venous pressure (CVP) catheter insertion requires
a sterile setup
if a patient falls because he or she was left unattended, the OR tam member could be cited in a lawsuit for
abandonment
Extrauterine pregnancies can occur in the
abdominal cavity and tube - Note, A salpingostomy is done before rupture
An immobilization device used after total hip arthroplasty is
abduction pillow
Immobilization of the hip joints after surgery is accomplished by the use of
abduction pillow
A benign tumor arising from the eighth cranial nerve, which may grow to a size that produces neurologic symptoms, is a/n myoma acoustic neuroma teratoma fibroma
acoustic neuroma
A slow growing tumor of the vestibular branch of the eighth cranial nerve is
acoustic neuroma
What intraoperative test determines the needed reversal or addition of heparin?
activated clotting time (ACT)
An ESU unit used in the operating room (OR) completes an electrical circuit by carrying the current from the machine to the patient by way of the
active electrode
The sterile component of the electrosurgical unit (ESU) is the
active electrode
What is the sterile component used with the electrosurgical unit?
active electrode
a document which a person gives instructions about his or her medical care in the event that the individual cannot speak is
advanced directives
When current moves in one direction and then reverses to return to the source, it is known as
alternating current
the maximum distance that an object moves from its central position is called
amplitude
Current is measured in
amps
The word "fenestrated" refers to?
an Opening
Maintenance of acceptable blood pressure and prevention of the development of air emboli in the neurosurgical patient can be effect by preoperative utilization of
an antigravity suit
A benign anal wall "slit" type of lesion requiring excision is an
anal fissure
An abnormal localized dilatation of an artery resulting from mechanical pressure of blood on a weakened wall is called
aneurysm
What is the procedure used to correct accidental vitreous loss during a cataract extraction?
anterior vitrectomy
A Nissen Fundoplication procedure is done to correct
antireflux disease
An imperforate anus means
anus is closed
On the following are ideal requirements of cadaver donors EXCEPT - any age - free of infection or malignancy - normotensive up until death - under hospital observation before death
any age
The correct procedure for sterile dressing application is
apply dressing before drape removal
Cultures obtained during surgery
are passed off the sterile field into a bag or container held by the circulator
The laser used most commonly for retinal detachment, tear, or hole is
argon
When laser emission is primarily absorbed in tissue by hemoglobin or melanin?
argon
cryoablation uses a high pressure gas called
argon
which laser produces a visible blue-green beam
argon laser
A noninvasive process to treat glaucoma by means of slit lamp is an
argon or Nd:YAG laser
The intraoperative diagnostic test that measures tissue perfusion is
arterial blood gases
The most important laboratory test done to measure pulmonary function is
arterial blood gases
Decompression of the portal circulation can be achieved by all of the following EXCEPT
arteriovenous shunt
A surgical procedure designed to stiffen or fuse a joint is called
arthrodesis
Joint reconstruction is known as
arthroplasty
Polymethlmethacrylate (PMMA) is a type of bone cement most commonly used in what procedure?
arthroplasty procedures
Arrange the large intestine in the correct order from proximal to distal
ascending, transverse, descending, sigmoid, rectum (b)
a patient signs a permission form for surgery, but because of a language barrier he/she does not fully understand what they have signed. this could constitute a liability case for
assault and battery
During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, the surgeon generally stands
at the left side of the patient
The buildup of fat residue on a vessel wall is
atherosclerosis
An imperforation or closure of a normal opening is called a/n
atresia
A Foley catheter is placed into the presurgical hysterectomy patient to
avoid injury to the bladder
*A telethermometer monitors the body temperature during surgery. It can be placed in all of th following areas EXCEPT the A) rectum B) esophagus C) axilla D) tympanic area
axilla
Which nonadherent surgical dressing is used for a clean surgical wound and also care of specimens? a- Sterile gauze b- Telfa c- ABD d- Aeroform
b- Telfa
A sunburn is classified as a a- second degree burn b- first degree burn c- third degree burn d- not clssified
b- first degree burn
Another name for a scar is a- fibrin b- keloid c- hydrocolloid d- infection
b- keloid
A surgical wound that is sutured together heals by a- granulation b- primary intention c- inflammation means d- second intention
b- primary intention
What type of pressure dressing is molded into a thick pad that fits into the graft area and is secure with sutures? A- Supportive B- stent C- flat D- Tegaderm
b- stent
The affected tube is grasped with
babcock
The instrument most commonly used to grasp the mesoappendix during an appendectomy is a
babcock
What instrument is used to reapproximate the ribs following an open thoracotomy?
bailey
A solution used for eye irrigation is
balanced salt solution
In a cesarean birth, the uterus is opened with a knife and extended with a/an
bandage scissor
A procedure done to correct recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder that involves reattachment of the rim of the glenoid fossa is called a
bankart
When using a water seal drainage system, the collection unit must remain
below the level of the chest tube
What item should be on the scrub person's instrument table while the laser is in use
basin of sterile water or saline
A forceps used in nasal surgery is a
bayonet
A forceps used in nasal surgery is a/n bayonet Russian rat-tooth alligator
bayonet
when placing tubing in an activated glutaraldehyde solution, one should
be certain that the interior of the tubing is completely filled
what is the shelf life of Cidex
between 14 and 28 day
A regional block that uses the tourniquet is an
bier block
What is the incision approach used to effect a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?
bifrontal approach
Placement of a vascular graft proximal to and inclusive of the common iliac vessels will necessitate the use of an
bifurcated graft
In what procedure is a portion of the stomach removed with an anastomosis created between the stomach and a jejunum?
bilroth II
positive insurance that sterilizations have been achieved can only be obtained through
biologic control test
Forceps or an instrument that contains two contact points which are used to coagulate tissue are called
bipolar
Which electosurgical unit provides precise control of the coagulated area?
bipolar
An ESU used for delicate surgery is a
bipolar unit
Complications can occur during endoscopy, such as
bleeding, and perforation (c)
Which is the most necessary item for a blood transfusion
blood filter
A safer alternative laser retardant endotracheal tube used for CO2 laser surgery of the larynx is made of copper stainless steel silicone both A and B
both A and B
A reverse sterilization procedure in the male is called a/n vasostomy vasovasostomy epididymovasostomy both B and C
both B and C
Hirschsprung disease is synonymous with
bowel obstruction
Stereotactic surgery takes place in the
brain
Tissues expanders are used in
breast reconstruction
A ambu bag is a
breathing bag
An endoscopy procedure that does not require a sterile set up is
bronchoscopy
The procedure of choice for removal of a foreign body in a child's tracheobronchial tree is
bronchoscopy
A Sarot is a
bronchus clamp
Occluding peripheral vessels is achieved with the use of
bulldog
The Keller and McBride procedures are types of
bunionectomy procedures
Intra-abdominal pressure during the instillation of CO2 for creation of pneumoperitoneum is 10-15 mm Hg. A pressure reading higher than this may indicated that the needle may be
buried in fatty tissue or in the omentum, or in a lumen of the intestine (d)
Which operative procedure facilitates the draining of a subdural hematoma?
burr holes
What will be the correct order of wound healing process: (1) remodeling (2) proliferation, and (3) inflammatory? A- 1,2,3 B- 2,3,1 C- 3,2,1 D- 2,1,3
c 3,2,1
Which type of wound healing requires debridement and continuous irrigation? a- Primary b- Secondary c- Third d- Fourth
c third
What type of gauze dressing is used on a circumcision? a- Sponge b- Tegaderm c- Vaseline gauze d- Roll gauze
c- Vaseline gauze
Gauze packing is used a- on a small incision b- wrapping a limb c- in nose or open wound d- when compression is needed
c- in nose or open wound
Which burn classification is characterized by dry white skin and generally have pain associated with this burn? a- first degree b- second degree c- third degree d- fourth degree
c- third degree
Which of the following burns cause destruction of the entire thickness of skin? a- first degree b- second degree c- third degree d- fourth degree
c- third degree
Which classification of wound healing is involved with perforated bowel? a- secondary intention b- primary intention c- third intention d- fourth intention
c- third intention
All are precautions when handling fiberoptic cables EXCEPT
cables are only gas sterilized
An emergency drug that increases myocardial contractility is A) calcim chloride B) Levophed C) Lasix D) Isuprel
calcium chloride
Defogging the video camera is usually the responsibility of the
camera operator
Mersilene mesh
can be steam sterilized once, if unused but not soiled
The tunable dye laser used to disintegrate kidney stones is the
candela
Passage of a sterile catheter into the heart via the brachial or femoral artery for the purpose of image intensification is called
cardiac catheterization
*Which pulse is checked during a cardiac arrest effort? A) radial B) carotid C) pedal D) brachial
carotid
A Javid shunt is used during a
carotid endarterectomy
Chronic cerebral ischemia most often leads to
carotid endarterectomy
Compression of the median nerve at the volar surface of the wrist is known as
carpal tunnel syndrome
When a tracheostomy tube is inserted, the obturator is quickly removed and the trachea is suctioned with a catheter Frazier Poole Yankauer
catheter
All of the following are considered good methods of maintaining strict asepsis within an orthopedic surgical suite EXCEPT
charcoal masks
Intraoperative cholangiograms can be performed either through open abdominal or laparoscopic procedures using a contrast medium directly into the common bile duct through a
cholangiocath
Which gallbladder procedure ALWAYS requires intraoperative x-rays?
cholangiogram
Gastrointestinal technique is required in all of the following procedures EXCEPT
cholecystectomy
A direct visualization of the common bile duct is done by means of an
choledochoscope
Direct visualization of the common bile duct is accomplished with a
choledochoscope
A setup that would include a 1000-cc bag of normal saline, sterile IV tubing, an IV pole, and a pressure bag is
choledochoscopy
The use of noninvasive high-energy shock waves to pulverize gallstones into small fragments for easy passage through the common bile duct and out the body is called
cholelithotripsy
When the male penis is curved ventrally with the meatus and the glans in close proximity to each other, it is called paraphimosis phimosis epispadias chordee
chordee
In a gastrointestional closure, the mucosa of the intestinal tract is closed with
chromic 4-0 or 3-0
The path which electricity travels from its energy source and back again is called
circuit
All of the following are indication for external fixation EXCEPT
clean long-bone fractures
During orthopedic surgery the suction tubing should be
cleared frequently
What cold solution is used to preserve a donor lung before transplant into a recipient?
collins
A fracture that consists of multiple bone fragments is
comminuted
A choledochoduodenostomy is an anastomosis between the
common bile duct and duodenum
The purpose of a set of Bakes would be
common duct dilation
the transfer of thermal energy by contact is called
conduction
Which of the following is NOT a reason for a pressure dressing? Prevents edema Conforms to body contour Absorbs extensive drainage Distributes pressure evenly
conforms to body contour
Orchiopexy is performed to treat
congenital and undescended testicle
When bowel technique for an intestinal procedure is utilized
contaminated instruments are discarded, gloves are changed
The advantage of using Javid Shunt during a carotid endarterectomy is
continuous cerebral blood flow
Technique use in arthroscopic MIS hysteroscopy and cystoscopy to expand the body cavity is
continuous irrigation
The three lumens of a foley are used for inflation, drainage, and
continuous irrigation
The condition involving premature closure of infant cranial suture lines is referred to as
craniosynostosis
A gigli saw is used during a
craniotomy
A fatal disease of the nervous system that is caused by a prion (infectious protein) which cannot be destroyed by normal disinfection and sterilization is
creutzfeldt-jakob disease
To establish a tracheostomy, a midline incision is created in the neck, below the suprasternal notch hyoid bone cricoid cartilage corniculate cartilage
cricoid cartilage
according to the Spaulding method system,what risk is assigned to sterile body tissue including the vascular system
critical
What skeletal traction requires the use of sterile supplies for application of a traction appliance?
crutchfield
Which of the following are tongs providing skeletal traction for cervical fracture/dislocation?
crutchfield
Surgical creation of a lesion in the treatment of a disease such as Parkinson is called
cryosurgery
surgery using extremely cold instrument to destroy tissue is called
cryosurgery
A technique used for retinal detachment which involves a cold probe is
cryothermy
Needles aspiration of the cul-de-sac is surgically termed
culdocentesis
To confirm the diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy what is sometimes necessary to perform a
culdocentesis
The electrical circuit of the electrocautery when
current dlows to generator to active electrode, through tissue, and back to generator via the inactive electrode
the arrow or small hand, which appears on the screen to identify the location of currently addressed information is known as
cursor
In a cholecystectomy, which structures are ligated and divided?
cystic duct and cystic artery
in which procedure would the use of a high-level disinfectant be acceptable instrument preparation
cystoscopy
Insertion of a suprapubic catheter into the bladder for drainage away from the vaginal and urethral area is Foley catheter ileal conduit cystostomy Stamey procedure
cystostomy
Papanicolaou indicates
cytologic study of cervical smear
A Strong thin transparent liquid useful in sealing certain wound edges is a- dermabond b- tincture of benzoin c- collodian d- Both A and B
d- Both A and B
The main purpose of Webril is a- cast padding b- under pneumatic tourniquet c- pressure dressing d- Both A and B
d- Both A and B
What type of dressing is most often used on a skin graft a- Pressure b- Stent c- Flat d- Both A and B
d- both A and B
Inflammation or infection of the lacrimal sac is
dacrocystorhinitis
What procedure is done for chronic dacrocystitis?
dacrocystorhinostomy
Care of the microscope would include all of the following EXCEPT
damp dust lenses with detergent-disinfectant before use
Fiberoptic cable integrity is questionable when
dark spots are evident
If the floor or wall becomes contaminated with organic debris during a case, the circulator
decontaminates promptly
Surgical removal of fibrinous deposits on the visceral and parietal pleura is called
decortication of the lungs
When using laser, nonreflexctive instrumentation
decreases accidental direct reflection of the laser beam to another area
The action to be followed if a patient is experiencing a cardiac arrythmia, specifically a ventricular fibrillation, would be to
defibrillate
The purpose of the "slit" lamps in eye surgery is
defining depth perception
A total hip replacement would be indicated when the patient has
degenerative hip joint disease
When using an anticholinergenic, such as atropine, during eye surgery, the pupils will
dilate
A laminaria tent is used to
dilate cervix
In balloon angioplasty, the dilating balloon is inflated with
diluted solution of contrast media
A hernia occurring in Hesselback's triangle is called
direct
In which hernia does the herniation protrude into the inguinal canal but NOT the cord?
direct
What special technique is employed during a hysterectomy?
discard instruments used on cervix and vagina
The term transduodenal sphincterotomy indicates surgery of the
distal end of the common bile duct
The portion of the small intestine where a Meckles diverticulum arises is the
distal ileum
A colles fracture is a fracture of
distal radius
In cystoscopy, the irrigating solution is distilled water glycine mannitol sorbitol
distilled water
______ borders the outer perimeter of an atom and is ________ charged
electron, negatively
Which action drains venous blood during tourniquet application?
elevate extremity before tightening tourniquet
In which procedure could a Fogarty catheter be utilized?
embolectomy
A postoperative complication of the GYN patient in lithotomy position for an extended period of time is
emboli
Removal of the entire eyeball is
enucleation
During ear surgery, pledgets generally used to control bleeding are soaked in saline heparin thrombin epinephrine
epinephrine
An incision made during normal labor to facilitate delivery with less trauma to the mother is a/an
episiotomy
Exsanguination of a limb before tourniquet inflation is accomplished with wrapping the elevated extremity with
esmarch
Limb exsanguination is accomplished by using
esmarch bandage
During neurosurgical procedures, venous stasis in the lower extremities and maintenance of blood pressure may be aided by all of the following EXCEPT
esmarch bandage wrapped groin to toe
the chemical agent used in gas sterilization is
ethelyne oxide
sterility was previously measured by time but now is considered invalid. the principle now used is
event-related sterility and terminal sterilization
When viscera has protruded outside of the body, the condition is called
evisceration
Pathology of an ectopic pregnancy includes all EXCEPT
excercising during first trimester
An entire tumor/mass removal is termed
excisional biopsy
Removal of the entire contents of the orbit is
exenteration
Dextran is used parenterally to
expand blood plasma volume
The hysteroscope may be used to identify or remove all of the following EXCEPT
fallopian adhesions
true/false: Peel packages can be used on all instruments including large heavy instruments and micro instruments
false
true/false: solutions may be autoclaved along with other items as long as they are on a shelf alone
false
The three main components of a knee arthroplasty are
femoral, tibial base plate, patella component (a)
In which surgery would a tunneler be used?
femoral-popliteal bypass
The suction tip that is right angled and is used for small amounts of fluid such as in brain surgery is
ferguson-frazier
Orchiopexy can be defined as fixation of an ovary uterine suspension testicle removal fixation of a testicle
fixation of a testicle
What type of bone is the cranium?
flat
The c-arm employs the use of
fluoroscope
Why is a 30-cc bag foley used after a transurethral resection (TUR) of the prostate?
hemostasis
The position which facilitates a symmetrical outcome during a mastoplexy is
fowlers
Removal of plaque during a carotid endarterectomy require
freer elevator
Benign outpouchings of synovium from intercarpal joints are called
ganglia
what is the medium or elements activated to transmit photons in a laser beam
gas, solid, liquid dye
In which procedure would a tourniquet be contraindicated?
gasgrenous toe amputation
*All of the following are results from aspiration of gastric contents during anesthesia EXCEPT A) impeded blood gas exchange B) impaired lung function C) gastric decompression D) chemical pneumonitis
gastric decompression
A palliative invasive procedure done to prevent malnutrition or starvation is known as
gastrostomy
Either a floey, mallecot, pezzer, or mushroom catheter can be inserted for
gastrostomy
What kind of tube is used to decompress the stomach or as a means of feeding the patient?
gastrostomy tube
*The responsibility of the scrub nurse in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is to A) bring in the emergency cart B) keep a record of all medication given C) help with the intravenous and monitoring lines D) give attention to the sterile field and surgeon's needs
give attention to the sterile field and the surgeon's needs
A condition cause by inadequate drainage of aqueous humor is
glaucoma
What eye disease uses argon slit lamp with a noninvasive procedure, which if successful, prevents the need for more invasive surgery?
glaucoma
A type of malignant brain tumor is
glioma
All are environmental disinfectants used for low-level disinfection and terminal decontamination EXCEPT...
gluteraldehyde
Which of the following hyperosmotic drugs is given preoperatively solely by oral administration to induce osmotic pressure and thereby reduce intraocular pressure in surgery?
glycerol
A Babcock is used to
grasp delicate structures
the fourth force found only in nature and not in the nucleus is known as
gravitational force
on the surface of the earth what causes objects to accelerate downward
gravity
Migrating clots that have formed in the lower extremities can be intercepted on the way to the heart or lungs by a
greenfield filter
What is the treatment of choice for capturing emboli that arise from the pelvis or lower extremities?
greenfield filter
Which fracture most commonly occurs in childhood?
greenstick
A separate wire that is an essential protection against an electrical shock is
ground
When operating a piece of electrical OR equipment, the most vital prong for safety purposes is the
ground
The inactive electrode of the cautery is the
ground pad
Which condition MOST acceptable when using electrocautery
ground pad placed close to operative site
Balloon angioplasty is accomplished with the use of a _____ catheter
gruntzig
A hulka forceps is used in
gynecologic surgery as a uterine dilator introduced to the cervix, it manipulates the uterus for visualization.
Pathologic enlargement of the male breast is called
gynecomastia
Which item is an air drill?
hall
The fire extinguisher of choice for a laser fire is an
halon
Surgery that requires incision of the long extensor tendon of the interphalangeal joint of the four lateral toes and subsequent fusion is called
hammer toe correction
The condition that involves the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of the foot is called
hammertoe
the paper form of data in computer technology is the
hard copy
Why is a 30-cc bag Foley used after a TURP? - hemostasis - decompression - creation of negative pressure - aspiration
hemostasis
A sterile barrier between the face and head used in nose and throat procedure is a/
head drape
A drug used as a lubricant and as vesicoelastic support to maintain separation of tissues before removal of lens during cataract surgery is
healon
In cataract surgery, a vesicoelastic drug sometimes used to occupy space in the posterior cavity of the eye is
healon
The most frequent condition requiring the use of a permanent pacemaker are
heart block, bradyarrhythmia
Which of the following is not used for urethral dilation?
hegar dilator
The following are types of brain tumors EXCEPT
hematoma
Place the stages of fracture healing in order
hematoma formation, fibrin, invasion of osteoblasts, callus formation, remodeling (a)
What is the purpose for the surgical creation of an arteriovenous fistula?
hemodialysis
The use of distilled water during a highly invasive genitourinary procedures such as a transurethral resection of the prostate is prohibited for irrigation because of the potential for - hemolysis of RBC - electrolytic dissipation of current - increase of blood pressure - body fluid shift
hemolysis of RBC
Bleeding arising from the respiratory tract is called
hemoptysis
The prime consideration in a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysmectomy is
hemorrhage control
The procedure to treat venous distention causing pain, bleeding, and prolapse outside the anal canal is known as
hemorrhoidectomy
Thrombosed vessels of the rectum are known surgically as
hemorrhoids
Which catheter facilitates the infusion of chemotherapeutic drugs?
hickman
A Free Lock compression screw system is indicated for correction of an ___ fracture
hip
when open to the internet, what function can be used to return to a recently opened site that you have not saved on your computer
history
liability is a legal rule that
holds each individual responsible for his or her own acts
In a simple electrical circuit, the wire that connects to the switch is
hot
The procedure that provides visualization of the internal contour of the uterus is a
hysteroscopy
visual display on the desktop of shortcuts to available programs are called
icons
The drug added to a local ophthalmic anesthetic to increase diffusion is
hyaluronidase
An abnormal accumulation of fluid in the scrotum is a/n hydrocele enterocele varicocele hydronephrosis
hydrocele
Excision of the tunica vaginalis is a vagotomy vasectomy varicocelectomy hydrocelectomy
hydrocelectomy
A ventricular atrial shunt, a ventricular peritoneal shunt, and an in vitro shunt are performed for the condition called
hydrocephalus
A ventriculoperitoneal shunt treats
hydrocephalus
An untreated condition in infants that causes the skull to enlarge is called
hydrocephalus
Which bone is transected with bone-cutting forceps before removal of a thyroglossal cyst?
hyoid
*An anesthetic complication characterized by progressive elevation of body temperature is known as malignant A) hypothermia B) hypervolemia C) hypersalemia D) hyperthermia
hyperthermia
Each are measures to prevent heat loss in newborn, infant, or children in the OR EXCEPT
hypothermia blanket is prepared
A precipitous drop in the patients blood or fluid volume is
hypovolemia
A common complication of extubation is
hypoxia
*Dark blood in the operative field may indicate that the patient is A) hyperkalemic B) hypovolemic C) hypotensive D) hypoxic
hypoxic
Dark blood in the operative field may indicate that the patient is
hypoxic
In which situation should sterility be questioned?
if a sterilized pack is found in an unsterile workroom
When performing in ileal conduit for urinary diversion, the ureters are implanted into bladder ileum trigone large intestine
ileum
When performing a femoral-femoral bypass, the atherosclerotic disease is in the
iliac artery
The most common site for a bone graft is
iliac crest
A common donor site for an autogenous bone graft is
ilium
In Orthopedic surgery, the viewing of the progression of a procedure on a television screen is known as
image intensification
In orthopedic surgery, the viewing of the progression of a procedure on a television screen is known as
image intensification
*The first and most important step for successful resuscitation in cardiac arrest is A) the precordial thump B) artificial ventilation C) immediate opening of the airway D) external cardiac compression
immediate opening of the airway
After surgery on a shoulder, the arm may be bound against the side of the arm for
immobilization
An abduction pillow would be used to
immobilize hip joints after hip surgery
A washer-decontaminator, used after instruments are presoaked, uses which of the following processes to remove blood and protein? A) impingement B) cavitation C) steam under pressure D) chemicals
impingement
An irreducible hernia whose abdominal contents have become trapped in the extra-abdominal sac is called an
incarcerated hernia
bullying, equipment failure, and incorrect count would require an
incident report
Electrosurgery can be used to
incise tissue, coagulate blood vessels, destroy or remove diseased tissue (d)
The purpose of the kidney bar or kidney lift is to - increase the space between the lower ribs and iliac crest - increases the space between the ribs - stabilize the patient - support the body in the flexed position
increase the space between the lower ribs and iliac crest
All of the following statements are true about knee-chest positioning for laminectomy EXCEPT
increased ease of ventilation
why is ethylene oxide diluted with an inert gas
it increase its effective sterilization
what is the function of an aerator in EO sterilization
it is a separate unit used to decrease the aeration time
why would gas sterilization be chosen over steam
it is less damaging to the instruments
what is of extreme importance when using activated glutaraldehyde for sterilization
items must be rinsed thoroughly before use
Another name for the kraske position is
jackknife
A selected alternative to a conventional ileostomy that denies spontaneous stool exiting from the stoma and requires catheterization of the stoma daily to evacuate the contents is an
kock pouch
Severe vertigo may be relieved by stapedectomy myringotomy labyrinthectomy endolymphatic shunt
labyrinthectomy
Bowman probes are used in
lacrimal surgery
An instrument used to elevate the thyroid lobe during surgical excision is a
lahey
Which case would require the use of cottonoid strips?
laminectomy
LAVH is removal of the uterus by combined approach using
laparoscopic and vaginal
Sterility can be accomplished by all of the following lowing procedure
laparscopy, minilaparotomy, and posterior colpotomy. not a Culdscopy
Penile condylomata are most successfully removed by dermabrasion laser cautery ultrasound
laser
the following is true of lasers
laser is an acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation
The following statements regarding lasers are true EXCEPT
laser unit is in "on" position during the entire case
When preforming a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, the catheter is placed in the ___ and ___.
lateral ventricle, peritoneal cavity
Radio waves are considered ___ waves.
magnetic
Loupes are used for
magnification
A blood warmer is used to
maintain 89-105 Fahrenheit temperature
*Intraoperative and postoperative emergency procedures require the scrub person to A) immediately intervene with patient care B) attend the anesthesiologist during crisis C) maintain sterile field D) A and B
maintain sterile Mayo with instruments
Total parenteral nutrifion (TPN)
maintains patients nutrition
What is the facial bone that makes up the chin? frontal zygomatic maxilla mandible
mandible
The fracture treated with arch bars is
mandibular
The drug of choice for adequate diuresis of a living donor before, during, and postremoval of the kidney is urea protamine sulfate Ringer's lactate solution mannitol
mannitol
What medication is used to prevent increased intracranial pressure and reduce cerebral or spinal edema?
mannitol
A sheet of vascular tissue that supplies blood and lymph to the lower section of the small intestines is
mesentery
Bunionectomy is also known as
metacarpal arthroplasty
When an MRI is used, the primary risk to the patient is the presence of
metal
Discharge of urine from the urinary bladder is called plasma flow albumin urea renal clearance micturition
micturation
All of the following are used for hemostasis in a neurosurgical procedure EXCEPT
monopolar coagulation
In MIS, large specimen and dense tissue are reduced to small pieces by a process called
morcellization
When working in the bladder, why is more or higher electrical current necessary during cautery use?
more current is needed when working in solution
the component part of the computer that controls the cursor is called the
mouse
The dressing used after nasal surgery is
moustache
Which dressing is used after nasal surgery? collodion moustache pressure Telfa
moustache
A thymectomy is commonly performed for malignant tumors and
myasthenia gravis
Dilating eye drops are called
mydriatics
Drugs that dilate the pupil but permit focusing are
mydriatics
A neurologic study in which a radiopaque substance is injected into the subarachniod space through a lumbar puncture is called
myelogram
Imaging studies used to visualize the spinal cord are an MRI and ___
myelography
Fluoroscopy is required for all of the following vascular procedures EXCEPT
myocardial pacing electrode
A procedure done on young women who evidence benign uterine tumors but who wish to preserve fertility is a
myomectomy (myomo is muscle tumor)
A surgical schedule would describe the procedure to treat acute otitis media as a myringotomy stapes mobilization fenestration operation Wullstein procedure
myringotomy
Middle ear ventilation is facilitated by antrostomy myringotomy stapedectomy turbinectomy
myringotomy
A tube placed into the tympanic membrane to facilitate aeration is the
myringotomy tube
Nasal polyps are removed with either a polyp forceps or a/n antrum rasp Coakley curette Freer elevator nasal snare
nasal snare
Which of the following can be used as a cutting electrode?
needle tip, spatula, wire loop (d)
The safest method for loading a blade on a knife handle is to use
needleholder
A water seal drainage system restores ____ pressure to the thoracic cavity
negative
A closed-wound suction system works by
negative-pressure vacuum
failing to observe or act in a situation that the individual should have known about and acted on is called
negligence
A Wilms' tumor, the most common intra-abdominal childhood tumor is known as a/n
nephroblastoma
Another name for a "no hands" technique is
neutral zone
the three laws of motion that are the basics of classical mechanics are the work of
newton
what scientist expanding hookes wave theory theorized that light can bend because it is a wave
newton
for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction reference
newtons third law
The power source of Hall's power equipment is
nitrogen
Which agent is NOT used to inflate a pneumatic tourniquet?
nitrous oxide
Does PPE include surgical and/or patient care gloves
no
must all instruments in instrument trays be closed
no
*A safety precaution used when a patient is being shocked with the defibrillator is A) no one is to touch the patient or anything metallic in contact with the patient B) available personnel gently but firmly support the exremities to protect the patient from injury C) the person holding the electrodes does not touch the patient but anyone else can D) the person holding the electrodes is the only one who may touch the patient
no one is to touch the patient or anything metallic in contact with the patient
Bariatric surgery treats
obesity
Which theroy explains the flow of electricity?
ohm's
Which procedure is inappropriate when caring for optic lenses?
oil and fingerprints are removed by soaking in solvent for 10 minutes and drying with a cotton ball
In which surgery would a small fragment compression set be used?
olecranon fracture
A congenital defect where the abdominal contents are outside the body at birth is
omphalocele
Failure of the intestines to encapsulate within the peritoneal cavity of a newborn is called
omphalocele
Which position is used following a tonsillectomy? dorsal recumbent on side, horizontally reverse Trendelenburg supine
on side, horizontally
When handing skin towels to the surgeon, where should the scrub person stand in relation to the surgeon?
on the same side of the table as the surgeon
how should basins be positioned in the autoclave
on their sides
Which statement is true regarding a STERIS system for endoscope sterilization?
only one scope or a few instruments can be processed in a cycle
Which specialty would employ the use of a slit lamp and the laser?
ophthalmic
Wescott scissors are used in
ophthalmic surgery
Removal of a testis or the testes is called orchiopexy orchiectomy epididymectomy vasectomy
orchiectomy
Orthopedic saws are identified by the movement of the blade. Which saw blade is mounted along the same axis as the handle and moves back and fourth?
oscillating
Bone healing is termed
osteogenesis
Electrical stimulation is artificially applied postoperative electrical current that influences
osteogenesis
An infection in bone is termed
osteomyelitis
An infectious musculoskeletal condition affecting the bone and marrow is
osteomyelitis
Decreased bone mass results in a condition called
osteoporosis
What procedure is performed to reconstruct the external ear?
otoplasty
Which structure(s) are identified and preserved in thyroid surgery?
parathyroid glands
Electrical impulses that stimulate the heart muscle is achieved with
pacemaker
In pilonidal cystectomy, the defect frequently is too large to close and requires use of
packing and pressure dressing
A Whipple operation is surgically termed a
pancreatoduodenectomy
When both direct and indirect hernias occur in the same inguinal area, the defect is termed
pantaloon
A drug used intraoperately for its antispasmodic effect on the smooth muscle of the vessel wall is
papaverine hydrochloride
What drug is used intraoperatively in a topical manner for its direct effect on the muscle of the vessel wall?
papaverine hydrochloride
A motic drug is
piolcarpine
In laminectomy, herniated disc fragments are removed with a
pituitary rongeur
Premature separation of the placenta from the uterine wall is
placentia abruption
The goal of a carotid endarterectomy is to remove
plaque
The use of each of the following items are measures employed to reduce laser-induced injuries EXCEPT
plastic vaginal and rectal speculums
Equipment needed to repair a femoral neck fracture using a compression screw and sliding plate includes all of the following EXCEPT
pneumatic tourniquet
In a surgical procedure employing the use of the laser, prep solution on the patients skin should be pat-dried because
pooled fluids can retain laser heat and subsequently burn tissue
Baker's cysts are found in the
popliteal fossa
A temporary biologic dressing is
porcine
A whipple procedure consists of removal of
portion of pancreas, duodenum, portion of jejunum, distal stomach, and distal portion of common bile duct
located on the back of the CPU are special openings called ______ for plugging in cables for adding additional computer components
ports
Which factor is not accomplished by chest drainage
positive pressure reestablishment
A low-molecular-weight protein that, when combined with heparin, causes a loss of anticoagulant activity postoperatively is
protamine sulfate
The antagonist to heparin sodium is
protamine sulfate
When performing an arteriotomy, the surgeon will require a #11 blade and
potts smith scissor
the rate at which work is done is known as
power
What is the first step in handling the used and unused intruments after a case is completed? A) washer-sterilizer B) presoaking in a basin C) ultrasonic cleaner D) milking
presoaking in a basin
Sponges and towels used near the laser tissue impact site are kept wet in order to
prevent ignition of these materials by reflected beam
Heparin is utilized during vascular surgery to
prevent thrombosis
Which synthetic mesh may be used in the presence of infection?
prolene
All of the following statements are true of ureteral catheters EXCEPT that they
provide direct visualization of the bladder
A fleshy, triangular encroachment onto the cornea is surgically termed an
pterygium
The mechanical strength of the weak eye muscle due to strabismus in a pediatric patient can be corrected by all the following EXCEPT
recession
the longer wavelengths of the color spectrum are seen in what color
red
Hypothermia is employed in cardiac surgery to
reduce oxygen consumption
A gastroplasty
reduces stomach size
the bending of a light ray as it passes from one substance to another is called
refraction
when using a high-level disinfectant, always
rinse the items with sterile distilled water before using
An x-ray's protographic image is called a
roentgenogram
The instruments used to enlarge the burr hole made during a craniotomy is a
rongeur
Which movement in a power instrument drills holes or inserts screws, wires, or pins?
rotary movement
The procedure traditionally performed to treat gastric ulcers and gastric carcinoma and is currently used to treat morbid obesity is
roux en y
The laser used primarily for port-wine stain lessons of the skin is the
ruby
The surgery performed to remove the embryo while preserving the tube is
salpingostomy
Which vessels are harvested for a coronary artery bypass?
saphenous vein and internal mammary artery
During cranial surgery, the patient's hair is
saved with the patients chart
Biopsy of this node is performed before a thorocotomy to stage cancer staging or to confirm a diagnosis:
scalene
a hardware component that converts printed text or picture to digital information for use in documents is called the
scanner
The most commonly fractured carpal bone is the
scaphoid
A procedure to treat retinal detachment is
scleral buckling
A lateral curvature of the spine is
scoliosis
Harrington rods are used to treat
scoliosis
In a penile implant, the inflation pump is located in the distal penis proximal penis scrotum groin
scrotum
Which of the following conditions is not an acceptable aseptic technique?
scrub nurse folds arms with hands at axillae
web research is generally conducted with the help of
search engines
GI endoscopes are characterized by__________________ under the Spaulding sterilization system
semicritical
The patient coming to the OR with rupture of esophageal varices may have an _____ in place to control bleeding
sengstaken-blakemore
What procedure involves the injection of dye and/or a radioactive material into the breast mass to tract the lymph nodes?
sentinel node biopsy
A motorized device whose action prevents venous stasis and reduces risk of deep-vein clotting in high risk patients is
sequential pneumatic compression boots
What is the correct order from the outermost to the innermost tissue layers that make up the wall of the stomach?
serosa, mucosa, muscularis, and submucosa (a)
The patella is what type of bone?
sesmoid
A procedure to prevent cervical dilatation that results in release of uterine contents is a
shirodkar
A Putti-Plat is used to correct
shoulder
Operative accessibility in thyroid surgery may be aided by the use of an
shoulder braces
A common postoperative patient complaint following a laparoscopic procedure is
shoulder pain
The most commonly used implants in hand surgery are made of flexible
silastic
The breast procedure preformed to remove extensive benign disease is an
simple mastectomy
An Auvard is a
speculum
the property of matter that causes a matter to resist change in motion is called
speed
Transduodenal sphincterotomy refers to the incision made into the ____ to relieve stenosis
sphincter of oddi
Incomplete closure of the spine is
spina bifida
The condition evidenced by incomplete closure of the vertebral arches in newborns is
spina bifida
A Steffee plate is a
spinal implant
A left subcostal incision indicates surgery of the
spleen
Which organ is removed either because of trauma, a blood condition, or as a staging procedure for malignancy?
spleen
Right angled pedicle clamp would be found on a set up for
splenectomy
The graft used for a vaginoplasty is
split thickness skin graft
Which graft must be obtained with a dermatome?
split-thickness mesh graft
Specimens may be passed off the sterile OR table by the scrub person on all of the following items EXCEPT
sponge
the operative paperwork completed by the RN contains
sponges, sharps, and instrument count specimens medications given
the process of terminal decontamination follows every surgical case. Decontamination of the walls consists of
spot clean where soiled
Which of the following endotracheal tubes can prevent a fire? stainless steel silicone latex red rubber
stainless steel
Upon craniotomy closure, the bone flap is sutured on with
stainless steel suture
In which hernia is the blood supply of the trapped sac contents compromised and in danger of necrosing?
stangulated
What is the proper wrapping procedure utilizing an Esmarch bandage?
start at the distal end of the extremity
The position of Mrs. Smedley on the OR table is
supine
The proper position for the patient undergoing arthroscopic knee surgery is
supine position, foot of the table flexed at 90 degrees
Positioning for a single lung transplant, the donor patient is ___ and the recipient patient is ___.
supine; lateral
Abdominal resection of the prostate gland through an incision into the bladder is known surgically as a - retropubic prostatectomy - suprapubic prostatectomy - transurethral prostatectomy - suprapubic cyststomy
suprapubic prostatectomy
a product used to buffer the computer hardware against high electrical voltages is called a
surge protector
Laparoscopic tubal occlusion may utilize all of the following methods of effecting sterilization EXCEPT
surgitie ligating loop
A stamey endoscopic procedure is performed to
suspend the vesicle neck
The procedure employing the use of a self-retaining laryngoscope and microscope is called a _____
suspension microlaryngoscopy
The position when the surgeon choose an open approach for emergent surgery for ectopic pregnancy is
suspine
What device is used to control the flow of electricity at the will of the operator?
switch
The system controlling the "fight or flight" response of the body is
sympathetic
A medical term used for the condition characterized by fusion of the fingers and toes is
syndactyle
Mersilene is an
synthetic mesh
The cardiac phase when the ventricles contract is
systole
Which drain is specifically used for drainage of bile?
t-tube
Which tube may be inserted to produce a continuous postoperative drainage of the common bile duct?
t-tube
What substance is introduced through a thoracoscope to deal with recurrent pleural effusion attributable to advanced cancer?
talc
The congenital deformity known as clubfoot is surgically referred to as
talipes varus
Which type of endoscopy camera produces the truest color?
three-chip
All are urethral catheters EXCEPT Whistle tip Spiral tip braasch bulb three-way Foley
three-way Foley
The lung is divided into anatomical regions. The right lung has ___ lobes, and the left lung has ___ lobes
three; two
An enzyme extract from bovine blood used as a topical hemostatic agent is
thrombin
"scratch" marking is done in surgery of the
thyroid
Surgery on the medial malleolus would be of the
tibia
Compression force of the distal femur upon the tibia produces varying types of fractures of the
tibia plateau
Which of the pulmonary function tests measures the amount of air exhaled during normal respiration?
tidal volume
A protective skin coating is accomplished with
tincture of benzoin
The active electrode on the electrocautery is the
tip
Microscopic reversal of the male sterilization procedure is termed spermatogenesis orchiopexy vasovasostomy vasectomy
vasovasostomy
Which item is NOT a component of a cardiopulmonary bypass system?
ventricular fibrillator
In which incision could retention sutures be used?
vertical midline
The simplest abdominal incision offering good exposure to any part of the abdominal cavity is the
vertical midline
A condition causing leakage of urine into the vagina is a/an
vesicvaginal fistula
Retraction of fine structures and blood vessels during vascular surgery is accomplished by use of
vessel loops
Intestinal obstruction by twisting of the intestines is
volvulus
Twisting of the bowel is known as
volvulus
Malabsorption of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and resultant hydrocephalus are corrected by a neurosurgical
vp shunt and va shunt (d)
Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) disintegrates stones by introducing shock waves into the body through the medium of water air gas saline
water
the following equipment must be available during a laser laryngoscopy
water and wet cottonoids
The standard metric unit of power is
watt
A continuously variable magnification system is afforded to the eye surgeon by the
zoom lens with foot control
