311 Exam 1
Evidence based management focuses on____________.
adding scientific evidence to the decision making process
The Director of HR at Multimedia Corporation is concerned about some stereotyping which has occurred in the work environment. To combat this stereotyping the HR director has decided to ____
adopt more transparent practices
Keith is an african-american construction worker who goes to college at night and studies construction management. One day while getting ready for his shift, Keith opened his locker and found that a coworker had placed a Confederate flag inside. Keith is a victim of which of the following forms of discrimination?
intimidation
If an organization is currently concerned about low commitment from employees who are demographically different than other employees within the organization, the employer can _______
create a positive diversity climate
Many workplace changes have occurred within the last few decades. The introduction of psychology and sociology has enabled management to improve workplace conditions. Which of the following would create the most significant challenges for managers in todays organization?
creating a positive work environment
Many workplace changes have occurred within the last few decades. The introduction of psychology and sociology has enabled management to improve workplace conditions. Which of the following would create the most significant challenges for managers in today's organizations?
creating a positive work environment
Because of both global and changing labor and trade markets, organizations are now much aware of the importance of ____
cultural differences
Employees can learn to regulate emotions through all of the following EXCEPT__________.
eliminating initial responses
a feeling directed at someone or something is called a(n) _____
emotion
Peggy and Sean are in terrible moods when they arrive at the office. Which of the following best explains why their coworkers will probably be in bad moods by the end of the day?
emotional contagion
Sue, an airline flight attendant, was being harassed by a passenger, which caused her to be upset. Rather than portraying her emotion, Sue maintained a cheery exterior. This is an example of __________________.
emotional dissonance
Keith is an African-American construction worker who goes to college at night and studies construction management. One day while getting ready for his shift, Keith opened his locker and found that a coworker had placed a Confederate flag inside. Keith is a victim of which of the following forms of discrimination?
intimidation
Which of the following is an aspect of deep-level diversity
introversion
The degree to which a person has a positive feeling about a job after evaluating the job's characteristics is known as _____
job satisfaction
After some diversity training at work , BOB has decided that he needs to make more of an effort to understand surface-level diversity traits such as ____
gender
After some diversity training at work, Bob has decided that he needs to make more of an effort to understand surface-level diversity traits such as _____________.
gender
Companies known as good places to work_____
generate superior financial results
Companies known as good places to work_________
generate superior financial results
The role of management has changed over time. Working with people from different cultures, regulatory norms, and holiday variances are all examples of the impact of ____
globalization
The role of management has changed over time. Working with people from different cultures, regulatory norms, and holiday variances are all examples of the impact of_______.
globalization
in the united states, research on felt and displayed emotionsindicates that employees should display positive emotions like ____, and suprress negative emotions like _____
happiness;anger
Individuals who have trouble regulating their emotions tend to be _____
high in neuroticism
The effects of dissonance can be reduced by _______
high rewards
A person's tendency to associate events that have no real connection is known as ___________.
illusory correlation
the fact that most people believe that weather impacts mood,despite evidence that suggests weather and mood are connected, is an example of ______
illusory correlation
Benefits of job satisfaction do not include__________.
increase stress in the workplace
Keith is a married, bilingual, African-American construction worker. Based on the organizational behavior model, this data represents which of the following to Keith's new employer?
inputs
High-performance employees are most attracted to organizations that have managers who excel in which of the following skill areas?
interpersonal skills
High-performance employees are most attracted to organizations that have managers who excel in which of the following skill areas?
interpersonal skills
Dwayne was recently promoted to a managerial position for the ABC Corporation. As part of Dwayne's new management role, his activities will include __________.
leading
Major job attitudes include all of the following EXCEPT ________.
performance appraisel systems
deep-level diversity traits might include
personality
Deep-level diversity traits might include ______________________.
personality
___________include the capacity to do tasks that demand stamina, dexterity, strength, and similar characteristics.
physical abilities
Organizational behavior is an applied behavioral science built on all of the following fields EXCEPT __________.
physiology
________is a mood dimension consisting of positive emotions such as excitement, alertness, and elation at the high end and contentness, calmness, and serenity at the low end.
positive affect
Employee satisfaction is related to
positive customer outcomes
Positive emotions are related to effective leadership for all of the following reasons EXCEPT
positive emotions in leaders increase analytic performance of followers
Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is defined as ____
positive talk, helping others, and going beyond normal expectations at the job
Two employees were very different in terms of age, gender, and other demographic data, however they shared a common love of dogs and gardening as well as family commitment. What other commonalities might bond these employees in terms of deep-level diversity ?
similar personality
Two employees were very different in terms of age, gender, and other demographic data, however they shared a common love of dogs and gardening as well as family commitment. What other commonalities might bond these employees in terms of deep-level diversity?
similar personality
Which of the following identifies the most important difference between social psychology and anthropology?
social psychology seeks to understand change in groups; whereas, anthropology seeks to understand behavior in groups.
The nine basic physical abilities described in the textbook include all of the following except
stationary strength
What is the relationship between job satisfaction and job performance?
strong positive
One study of graduate students found that ________________.
students who scored well on decision making tasks incorporated emotions into the process Your answer is correct.B.
When it comes to job performance, older workers have ____________.
the same job performance as a younger worker, or better
Research has shown that women and minorities do have greater interest in employers that make special efforts to highlight commitment to diversity. Which of the following demonstrates the best way to apply diversity efforts when building a diverse team within the organization?
the selection process
Much research has been conducted on measuring and recording employee satisfaction, and there are numerous intricate techniques for gathering information. Which of the following is the most helpful to management to record this type of information?
the single global rating
Sociology contributes to OB through___________.
the study of people in relation to their enviroment
The cognitive component of an attitude is best described by
the thought or description that underlines an attitude
Which of the following identifies a typical difference between the way men and women perform on the job?
there are no consistent differences between men and women relevant to job performance
Which of the following identifies a typical difference between the way men and women perform on the job?
there are no consistent differences between men and women relevant to job performance
It may be important for supervisors to work to keep employees happy because____________.
they are both more creative and more open in their thinking
Biographical characteristics are important because ________.
they help identify ways in which employees differ
An individual who comes to the organization having earned a degree in psychology would be best suited for a position involving which of the following activities?
training, job satisfaction, employee selection and performance appraisals, and work design
Stereotyping is judging someone based on _________.
perceptions
MOre than 90% of all Fortune 500 companies have some sort of policy that covers
sexual orientation
More than 90% of all Fortune 500 companies have some sort of policy that covers ______________
sexual orientation
Which of these is NOT identified as a challenge or opportunity within OB?
Fewer companies are using temporary workers.
An overall intelligence factor, as suggested by the positive correlation among specific intellectual abilities, is known as which of the following?
GMA
Keith is a married, bilingual, African-American construction worker. Based on the organizational behavior model, this data represents which of the following to Keith's new employer?
Inputs
Jenna is a store manager currently engaging in her leadership role by creating conditions within which productive work can be achieved. In which of the following activities is Jenna most likely to be engaging?
Jenna is helping motivate her employees
Jenna is a store manager currently engaging in her leadership role by creating conditions within which productive work can be achieved. In which of the following activities is Jenna most likely to be engaging?
Jenna is helping motivate her employees
A manager who is working with a supplier who better understands a unique customer and is engaged in which of Mintzenberg's ten management roles?
Liaison
According to research, some of the highest levels of job satisfaction exist in _______.
Mexico
Which of the following best describes the difference in job satisfaction between low-income individuals and people who make a comfortable living?
Money has a greater effect on job satisfaction among low-income people than among comfortable-income people
Which of the following identifies the most important difference between social psychological and anthropology?
Social psychology seeks to understand change in groups, whereas, anthropology seeks to understand behavior in groups
An individual who comes to the organization having earned a degree in psychology would be best suited for a position involving which of the following activities?
Training, job satisfaction, employee selection and performance appraisals, and work design
In which of the following situations does the correlation between pay and job satisfaction lessen?
When a person reaches a level of comfortable living
affect describes
a broad range of feelings and includes both emotions and moods
Task performance is reflective of___________.
a combination of effectiveness and efficiency in doing your core job
A variable's general effect recognizes that ____________________.
a give variable may have some impact
A variable's general effect recognizes that ____
a given variable may have some impact
Eric has been at his job for more than five years but has been passed over for promotion three times. Each time Eric was not considered he became angrier and angrier at the situation, until he started thinking about getting a new job. Eric's anger about being passed over for promotion represents which piece of his attitude?
Affective
Which of the following best describes cognitive dissonance?
An incompatibility between two of a person's beliefs, behavior, or attitudes
Which of the following is most likely to influence behavior?
Attitudes that are easily accessed by memory
In physical science, laws such as the law of gravity allow scientists to predict a behavior in a wide range of situations. For example, an apple, an orange, and a pinecone will all eventually fall from a tree. Why are laws of behavior difficult to apply in the field of organizational behavior?
Because contingency variables impact individual action
Maria has been at her job for three years but it is very dissatisfied and is ready to find a new job. When she goes home she tells her partner that she is going to look for a new job that has better benefits and pay and in which she can grow her career. This statement is an example of which part of Maria's attitude toward her job?
Behavioral
often, two people act very differently in the same situation, and the same person's behavior changes in different situations. For example, not everyone is motivated by money, and people may have behave differently at a restaurant than they do at a back yard BBQ. Which of the following would describe an individual's behavior in the situation in which x leads to y, but only under conditions specified in z?
Contingency variable
Job satisfaction is best measured through ___________.
a mixture of the single global rating and the summation of job facets method
Although EI has been shown by researchers to lead to improved workplace performance , the use of EI testing is not recommended during the selection process because ____
EI tests are not necessarily predictive of performance
Some researchers are commented on the limited applicability of EI testing even though EI has been shown to correlate with job performance because _____
EI uses self-assessment
The Director of HR at Multimedia Corporation is concerned about some stereotyping which has occurred in the work environment. To combat this stereotyping the HR director has decided to________________.
adopt more transparent practices
The director of HR at multimedia corporation is concerned about more stereotyping which has occurred in the work environment. to combat this stereotyping the HR director has decided to ____
adopt more transparent practices
Individual differences in the strength with which people experience emotions are known as which of the following?
affect intensity
Amber could not help but be angry over the amount of her raise after so many of her fellow workers received a better raise than she did. Amber's anger represents the _________ component of an attitude.
affective
Kyle was excited when he received a raise at work. Afterward, he told friends and family that he was really enjoying both the job and the working conditions overall. This is an example of ___________.
affective events theory
employees are affected by both emotional incidents that occur at work and incidents that occur at home. What theory supports the influence of emotions on job performance and satisfaction
affective events theory
Deep-level differences between individuals include all of the following EXCEPT
age
Demographic characteristics include __________.
age
Deep-level diversity includes all of the following EXCEPT_________.
age
deep-level differences between individuals include all of the following EXCEPT_________.
age
Managers need to be aware of exit and neglect behaviors in response to dissatisfaction because they impose a negative influence on the organization and its employees. These behaviors are initiated and felt by the employee rather than imposed by management. In addition to these behaviors , which are generally perceived to have a negative effect, voice and loyalty are also possible responses. Again, these are behaviors initiated by the employee. With this information, what can a HR director do to maximize the possibility the dissatisfied employees will respond with voice
all of the tactics listed on this question could be very successful in eliciting a positive voice or loyalty response in the event they become dissatisfied in the
Giner works for an organization that requires employees to engage in a variety of socially responsible projects as part of the job, although work hours are not reduced by this participation. In order to have a positive impact on job satisfaction, the organization may choose to ____
allow Ginger to decide whether she wants to participate or not
Several notable leaders, including Jeff Bezos exhibit the demographic trait of ______ which has been noted as a hallmark of some very successful leaders
bald head
Several notable leaders, including Jeff Bezos exhibit the demographic trait of ____________which has been noted as a hallmark of some very successful leaders
bald head
In physical science, laws such of gravity allow scientists to predict a behavior in a wide range of situations. for example
because contingency variables impact individual action
Emotions and moods can affect all of the following EXCEPT___________.
bonus structure
When Paul received a raise at work, he believed the raise was below what he should have received. This belief is an example of the ________component of an attitude.
cognitive
All of the following can cause increases in job satisfaction EXCEPT _________.
cognitive ability
An incompatibility between an attitude and a behavior is known as ___________
cognitive dissonance
Often, two people act very differently in the same situation, and the same person's behavior changes in different situations. For example, not everyone is motivated by money, and people may behave differently at a restaurant than they do at a back yard BBQ. Which of the following would describe an individual's behavior in the situation in which x leads to y, but only under conditions specified in z?
contingency variable
Situational factors that change the relationship between two variables are known as which of the following?
contingency variables
One of the diversity challenges managers have to deal with is that, in addition to differences in the employee groups that make up their staff, people are much more mobile in today's world. If an American manager, James, were to accept an assignment in Latin America, for example, he would need to be particularly aware of the ________ of the workforce.
cultural identity
The attitudes relationship can be modified by all of the following EXCEPT
cultural identity
The summation of job facets measurement of job satisfaction identifies key elements of the job including all of the following EXCEPT _____
cultural identity
An HR Director wants to institute a new plan that will increase employee job satisfaction. This will not only improve profitable overall, but it will do so by improving ____
customer satisfaction
One of the diversity challenges managers have to deal with is that, in addition to differences in the employee groups that make up their staff, people are much more mobile in todays world. if an american manager, james, were to accept an assignment in latin america, for example, he would need to be particularly aware of the ___ of the workplace
cutural identity
The majority of research studies have shown a correlation between age and ______
decreased turnover
The majority of research studies have shown a correlation between age and __________.
decreased turnover
Mintzberg divided managerial roles into ten different roles. Managers engaged in transmitting information to employees would be engaged in which of the following informational roles?
disseminator
Mintzberg divided managerial roles into ten different roles. Managers engaged in transmitting information to employees would be engaged in which of the following informational roles?
disseminator
during which point in the week are people in the worst mood?
early in the week
Job satisfaction ratings were consistently high over a thirty-year period, and then job satisfaction ratings declined dramatically in 2007. What might be the reason for this decline?
economic conditions
Challenges that bring new opportunities for managers to use OB concepts include___________.
economic pressures
Today's more pressing challenging and opportunities in OB include which of the following?
economic pressures
Today's more pressing challenging and opportunities in OB include which of the following?
economic pressures
Amber noticed that one of her employees, Ahmed, was increasingly short-tempered at work and didn't seem to enjoy his job as much as he used to. After watching Ahmed for a few weeks, Amber realized that a change in the way that Ahmed was receiving critical information was leading to frustration and anger. Amber decided to sit down with Ahmed and work through some ideas to reduce his frustration. Ambers ability to recognize these emotions in Ahmed is an example of ____
emotional intelligence
An employee's focus on emotions that are preferred by the employer while in the workplace is known as ________.
emotional labor
Which of the following best describes the difference between emotional and emotional dissonance?
emotional labor is displaying emotions because your job requires you to do so; emotional dissonance is the tension between your displayed and felt emotions
which of the following best describes affective events theory?
emotional reactions to events at work influence job performance
Someone's ability to identify and then modify emotions is an example of __________.
emotional regulation
People who scored high on _________ are less likely to react strongly to negative events.
emotional stability
employees who score low on ____ are more likely to have a strong reaction to negative events
emotional stability
Several studies have indicated that strategic decision making is enhanced by using ______
emotions
Anger, contempt, enthusiasm, envy, fear, joy, and love are all examples of which of the following?
emotions
Which of the following methods of communicating about diversity could have a positive effect?
emphasizing job performance
Many organizations have cultures and policies that protect employee who disclose sexual orientation. The EEOC has also held that discrimination based on sexual orientation violates the civil rights act of 1964. current federal regulations however only specifically prohibit discrimination on sexual orientation if the employee is _____
employed with the federal government
Positive customer outcomes are related to __________.
employee satisfaction
Employees who are committed to an organization are less likely to ___________
engage in work withdrawl
Rather than looking at individual characteristics, unfair discrimination assumes _____
everyone in the group is the same
Rather than looking at individual characteristics, unfair discrimination assumes ________.
everyone in the group is the same
emotional labor represents an employee's ______
expression of organizationally desired emotions
Which of these is a major concern for employers when addressing diversity?
fair treatment
a number of researchers have indicated that moral judgements are largely based on ___
feelings
which of the following best describes the difference between felt emotions and displayed emotions?
felt emotions are the employees real emotions; displayed emotions are the emotions an organization requires an employer to show
Companies known as good places to work generate superior__________.
financial performance
Which of the following jobs would be considered a customer service job?
flight attendant
which of the following jobs would be considered a customer service job?
flight attendant
Management by Walking Around (MBWA) has several limitations including _____
focus
Management by Walking Around (MBWA) has several limitations including ___________.
focus
sleep quality affects mood, and increased fatigue puts workers' health at risk of disease, injury and depression. studies show that adults report sleeping less than adults a generation ago. As a result, a of the US workforce suffers from sleep deprivation, sleeping ____ per night
less than six hours per night
There is currently no federal legislation specifically addressing discrimination based on _______.
level of education
A manager who is working with a supplier who better understands a unique customer need is engaged in which of Mintzberg's ten management roles?
liasion
Vivian is the CEO of a large corporation. Vivian has identified hidden barriers to advancement for minorities in her company and wants to improve the diversity of her managerial. Which of the following strategies should Vivian use?
make advancement-selection systems more transparent
The study of emotions and mood can have a very real effect on the operation of a business in terms of employee satisfaction, turnover, health and safety (and resulting associated costs), and ultimately profitability of the organization. What can managers do to influence and improve mood in the workplace?
managers can use humor and give their employees small tokens of appreciation for a job well done
The systematic study of organizational behavior relates to
measuring the validity of behavior
In several different studies, researchers have shown a relationship between corporate social responsibility and increased job satisfaction. This relationship is particularly true for ___
millennials
Which of the following identifies a key difference in the way minorities and Caucasians perceive workplace discrimination?
minorities perceive discrimination to be more prevalent in the workplace than caucasians do
Which of the following identifies a key difference in the way minorities and caucasians perceive workplace discrimination
minorities perceive discrimination to be more prevalent in the workplace than caucasians do
Groups benefit from diversity when they ____
mix different types of expertise
Vince is a manager who tells a funny and appropriate joke during a staff meeting. Which of the following outcomes is most likely?
morale improves
Henry realized that he no longer looked forward to going into work after a mandatory reorganization shifted both the specific tasks he was doing and how the tasks were accomplished. According to the summation of job facets measurements of job satisfaction, Henry's job satisfaction was impacted by a change ___
nature of the work
Stereotype threat describes the way in which we agree with___________.
negative views of a group
A negative response that passively allows conditions to worsen (chronic absenteeism or lateness, reduced effort, and increased error rate) is a condition normally associated with subordinates rather than management personnel. The HR director is attempting to minimize the negative ramifications of this response, known as ____. In concert with this goal of reducing the negative, she is also striving to increase_____, which generally result in employees going beyond the normal expectations of their jobs.
neglect; organizational citizenship behavior (OCB)
Safeway stores currently have several open positions which require physical abilities have been identifies as abilities that may be needed to perform physical tasks?
nine
Which of the following is not one of the nine basic physical abilities?
number aptitude
Tammy studies absenteeism, employee turnover, management, and productivity within her organization . In which of the following fields of study does Tammy work?
organizational behavior
________is a field of study that investigates the impact individuals, groups, and structure have on behavior within organizations with the goal of improving an organization's effectiveness.
organizational behavior
Identifiying with the goals of an organization and a desire to stay with that organization is known as _____
organizational commitment
Management functions include which of the following?
organizing
management functions include which of the following
organizing
According to the organizational behavior model, attitudes, task performance, profitability , employee behavior, and cohesion are all examples of _____
outcomes
According to the organizational behavior model, attitudes, task performance, profitability, employee behavior, and cohesion are all examples of __________.
outcomes
Social relationships among co-workers have been shown to relate to __________.
overall job satsifaction
Zappos works to improve customer service employee satisfaction by ______
paying employees to leave after training
Researchers have indicated that people in a good mood are more often creative than people in a bad mood because ______
people in a good mood produce more ideas
A marketing department at a large international organization is engaged in the statistical analysis and compilation of information on users who logged into the organizations website and made purchases within the last year. The marketing department may be using big data to ___
predict behavior of current customers
A marketing department at a large international organization is engaged in the statistical analysis and compilation of information on users who logged into the organization's website and made purchases within the last year. The marketing department may be using big data to _______.
predict behavior of current customers
The systematic study of organizational behavior relates to ___
predicting behavior
The systematic study of organizational behavior relates to____________.
predicting behavior
Gayle is part of a new team at work with a goal of developing a training program for new employees. Based on the organizational behavior model outlined in this chapter, Gayle's communication with her new group is an example of ____
processes
Gayle is part of a new team at work with a goal of developing a training program for new employees. Based on the organizational behavior model outlined in this chapter, Gayle's communication with her new group is an example of_________.
processes
An employer's belief in the degree to which they influence their work environment, their competencies, the meaningfulness of their job, and their perceived autonomy is known as____
psychological empowerment
Tammy studies absenteeism, employee turnover, management, and productivity within her organization. In which of the following fields of study does Tammy work?
psychology
Organizational leaders should examine their workforce to determine whether target groups have been underused. if that is the case, which of the following can be an effective way to correct the problem?
recruiting materials to show the minority individuals in positions of power within the organization
Emotional intelligence includes the ability to___________.
regulate emotions
Research has indicated that tenure and job productivity are ____
related and not linear
Systematic study focuses on ________.
relationships
which of the following best describes the difference between surface-level acting and emotional suppression?
surface-level acting doesn't change the emotion and the individual simply puts forth what they believe the correct emotional response should be while emotional suppression allows the individual to feel deal with the emotion, but at a later time.
Which of the following does not lead to more positive adaptation in diversity experiences?
target groups are underutilized
You have just been promoted to manage a team of production specialists at work. You soon realize that many of the employees seem withdrawn from their work and the team, citing issues such as stress, negative attitudes about a supervisor , and poor interactions with co-workers. To combat these problems you examine group cohesion, which focuses on ____
the ability of the group to stick together
You have just been promoted to manage a team of production specialists at work. You soon realize that many of the employees seem withdrawn from their work and the team, citing issues such as stress, negative attitudes about a supervisor, and poor interactions with co-workers. To combat these problems you examine group cohesion, which focuses on _________.
the ability of the group to stick together
The emotional or feeling segment of an attitude, which is viewed to be the more critical part of an attitude, is called___
the affective component
Evidence-based management bases decisions on which of the following ?
the best available data
Evidence-based management bases decisions on which of the following?
the best available data
Few universal principles exist in organizational behavior because___________.
the complexity of humans limits our ability to make sweeping generalizations about ourselves and others
Which of the following is the best description of job involvement?
the degree to which people identify psychologically with their jobs
Deep-level diversity focuses on __________.
values
Which of the following responses to dissatisfaction in a job involves actively trying to improve the situation?
voice
Jamal has become very quiet at work. He no longer actively participates in team meetings and organizational functions and seems to be the first one out the door every night. Jamal is exhibiting _____
withdrawn behavior
Jamal has become very quiet at work. He no longer actively participates in team meetings and organizational functions and seems to be the first one out the door every night. Jamal is exhibiting ________.
withdrawn behavior
research conducted on smiling within the workplace has indicated _____
your feelings about power dictate whether or not you return a smile
The OB model outlined in this text has three types of process variables including ______, ________, and ________
inputs, processes, and outcomes
