312 - Foundations of Nursing Exam 1

A client is admitted to the hospital with tuberculosis. Which statement by the nurse explains how to reduce the risk of transmission to others?

"All visitors who enter the room must wear special masks."

A pediatric client's caregiver states, "I will never give my child vaccinations." What is the priority nursing response?

"Help me understand your thoughts about vaccinations."

The nurse is conducting discharge teaching for a caregiver and a toddler. Which statement by the caregiver indicates the need for additional teaching?

"I will check my text messages while my child is in the tub."

A nurse is teaching a community group about bicycle safety. Which statement should be included when creating a teaching plan regarding bicycle safety?

"Parents are effective role models for children when they also wear helmets while riding."

The nurse is assessing an adolescent with an annual physical. The parent reports noticing a change in the child's behavior lately, including mood swings, withdrawal from the family, and failing school grades. The parent does not know what to do and asks the nurse for guidance. What is the most appropriate guidance from the nurse?

"These could be signs of substance use. Open communication and seeing a counselor who specializes in substance use would be beneficial."

Which statement indicates that a family understands the teaching that has been provided by the nurse related to car seat safety for a 9-month-old infant?

"We place our baby in a rear-facing car seat in the back seat of the car." NOT- "We place our baby in a front-facing car seat in the middle of the back seat of the car."

The nurse educator is reminding a group of new nurses about precautions. Which statement by a new nurse requires further teaching by the nurse educator?

"Wearing an N95 respirator is critical when I care for clients in droplet precautions." -really should wear N95 mask for airborne NOT- "Masks, gloves, and gowns should be used to protect from infectious agents."

In what time period did nursing care as we now know it begin?

18th to 19th century

Which nurse would be at the highest risk of causing a hazardous situation?

A nurse who has worked 32 hours of overtime this week

Research is included as an essential component of nursing by which of the following organizations? (Select all that apply.)

ANA International Council of Nurses Nursing specialty organizations

Based on its jurisdiction, which actions may a state licensing board of nursing take? Select all that apply.

Allow graduates of approved schools of nursing to take the NCLEX License nurses during the lifetime of the holder Deny licensing due to criminal actions

Which is an appropriately stated nursing intervention?

Ambulate 30 ft (9 m) twice a day with the assistance of a walker.

The first nursing journal owned, operated, and published by nurses was:

American Journal of Nursing

Which nursing group provides a definition and scope of practice for nursing?

American Nurses Association (ANA)

Husband not making meals right- Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

The nurse is caring for a client with a new diagnosis of cancer, and allows the client to verbalize fears relating to how to tell the children. The nurse's intervention reflects which aspect of nursing?

Art of nursing

The American Nurses Association's Commission on Nursing Education developed guidelines for the investigative function of nurses at different educational levels. Which guideline is for a nurse with an associate degree?

Assists in collection of data within an established, structured format

A nurse is reading a journal article about nursing research and evidence-based practice. Part of the article addresses the areas identified by the American Nurses Association (ANA) as relevant to quality outcomes for client care. Which areas would the nurse most likely find identified when reading the article? Select all that apply.

Client safety Nursing efficiency Population health Workforce mix`

Florence Nightingale introduced the concept of apprenticeship for nurses. Which statement is an example of this?

Completing clinical hours supervised by a nursing instructor

An abstract idea or object that relates to other abstract ideas or objects is which?

Concept

A nursing theory differs from a theoretical framework in which way?

Concepts and propositions are more specific

Which is true of concepts?

Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and the relationships among them. NOT: Concepts provide a means of testing knowledge.

The nurse is donning a pair of sterile gloves. The nurse correctly dons the first glove, but inadvertently inserts the thumb and index finger into the thumb hole of the second glove. The glove remains intact. Which action is most appropriate?

Continue to don the glove, then use the other gloved hand to carefully insert the finger into the proper hole.

In selecting sources to include in a literature review for a nursing research project, which would be most helpful?

Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature

Information is collected for analysis in both quantitative and qualitative research. What is the information called?

Data

The process of considering an idea as a whole and then dividing it into smaller, more specific ideas is which?

Deductive reasoning BIG --> SMALL

A public health nurse is working with a large group of clients who require a variety of patient care, health teaching, and health promotion. Using **Virginia Henderson's Basic Needs Theory** how should the nurse proceed in order to provide a variety of medical, health teaching, and health promotion interventions?

Determine general basic needs of the group and additional needs specific to each client. NOT: Assist individuals with health promotion in order to maximize their self-care potential.

The new nursing graduate is concerned about some of the critical changes that will be occuring in nursing. What changes does the nurse anticipate will impact nursing care?

Difficulty for nurses to remain current in a rapidly changing medical and technology environment

The nurse is setting up a sterile field to perform a catheterization when the client touches the end of the sterile field. What would be the nurse's next appropriate action?

Discard the sterile field and the supplies and start over.

The nurse is preparing a sterile field for a bedside procedure. During preparation, the client reaches over the field for the water pitcher. What would be the best action by the nurse?

Discard the supplies and field and prepare a new sterile field.

What is the best nursing intervention to promote health in a client at risk for heart disease?

Emphasizing a client's strengths to encourage weight loss

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson

Upon review of a client's microbiology culture results, the nurse recognizes which organism as indicative of normal flora?

Escherichia coli in the intestinal tract

The registered nurse is performing a nutritional assessment to ensure that the client's diet is optimal for wound healing. The nurse's intervention can be traced back to which key contributor to nursing?

Florence Nightingale

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

In order for the nurse to be able to apply the knowledge that has been obtained in the formal education process, which theory would best break whole concepts into parts and then determine how the parts would work together as a whole?

General systems theory

A nurse is implementing the principles of surgical asepsis while inserting a client's indwelling urinary catheter. Which action should the nurse perform?

Hold sterile objects above waist level to prevent accidental contamination.

The statement, "More frequent handwashing will significantly lower the rate of infection in hospitalized clients," is an example of what research component?

Hypothesis

The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) tells the nurse that a client is very confused and trying to get out of bed without assistance. What is the appropriate action by the nurse?

Initiate use of a bed alarm.

A nurse educator is discussing the role of nursing based on the American Nurses Association (ANA). Which statement best describes this role?

It is the role of nursing to provide a caring relationship that facilitates health and healing.

A nurse practicing in the early Christian period might perform which nursing action characteristic of this era?

Making organized visits to the sick NOT: Carrying out menial tasks based on the orders of the priest-physician

The nurse understands that for nursing to be considered a profession, many things need to be in place. Which element is not part of those considerations?

Multidisciplinary approach NOT: Strong service orientation

What is the best explanation for the way evidence-based practice (EBP) has changed the way nursing care is delivered?

Nursing care now uses EBP as a means of ensuring quality care. NOT: Nursing care now incorporates research studies into client care.

What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century,?

Nursing education NOT: Treatment issues

Which represents the basic framework of the research process?

Nursing process NOT: Nursing Theory

Which is most similar to a nursing model?

Nursing theory

A nurse is reviewing a quantitative research study. Which aspects of this type of study would the nurse need to keep in mind? Select all that apply.

Objectivity is valued. Biases are controlled to avoid contamination.

When preparing to use a bottle of sterile saline for a dressing change, the nurse notes that the date it was opened was two days ago. What should the nurse do?

Obtain a new bottle of sterile saline.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving an intravenous therapy through an IV pump. Which intervention should the nurse implement to ensure electrical safety?

Obtain a three-prong grounded plug adapter.

What might a nurse need to do to ensure the continuation of his or her nursing license?

Obtain continuing education credits. NOT: Obtain a master's degree.

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

Person NOT- Health

The nurse is caring for a client who has active tuberculosis and is under airborne precautions. The health care provider prescribes a computed tomography (CT) examination of the chest. Which action by the nurse is appropriate?

Place a surgical mask on the client and transport to the CT department at the specified time.

A client in a long-term care facility has become increasingly unsteady. The nurses are worried that the client will climb out of bed and fall. Which measure would be a priority recommendation for this client?

Placing the client in a bed with a bed alarm

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

Preventing skin breakdown

A nurse researcher is collecting nominal data. What type of research is being conducted?

Quantitative research

Nurses working in bed management are assigning clients from the emergency room to semiprivate rooms. Clients with which two diagnoses are appropriate to room together, based on safety and infection control standards?

Reactive airway disease and exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD)

The client is confused and wanders at night at home. The daughter who is the caregiver is seeking assistance with this problem. The daughter states, "I am so worried about my father. What can I do and still get some rest at night?" What instructions would the nurse provide to the daughter? Select all that apply.

Reduce stimulation, noise, and light a few hours prior to bedtime. Provide low lights in the rooms in which her father may wander. Encourage her father to toilet prior to bedtime. Place locks on any doors to the outside that her father would be able to open.

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?

Scientific literature review NOT: Problem area identification

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply.

Student nurses Novice nurses

A client is to have an indwelling urinary catheter inserted. Which precaution is followed during this procedure?

Surgical asepsis technique

Which explanation accurately differentiates the role of the registered nurse (RN) from that of the licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)?

The LPN/LVN should work under the supervision of an RN.

A nurse is providing care for clients in a long-term care facility. What should be the central focus of this care?

The client receiving the care NOT: The nurse as the caregiver

The nurse typically delegates a situational assessment to the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) for the home care client with heart failure. Which finding causes the nurse to perform this assessment rather than delegate it?

The client went to the emergency department to be evaluated after a fall. NOT- The regulations of the Nurse Practice Act state this cannot be done.

A nurse working on a busy acute care unit is planning care for a group of clients. Which nursing action best exemplifies the primary focus of the nurse's role?

The nurse comforts a client who received bad results from a diagnostic test. NOT: The nurse adjusts the environment of the client to facilitate provision of care.

A nurse prefers to use an alcohol-based hand rub when providing care for clients. In which case is this practice contraindicated?

The nurse is caring for a client with a C. difficile infection.

A nurse is caring for a client who is diagnosed with tuberculosis. Which nursing intervention promotes infection control based on nursing practice standards for safety?

The nurse places the client in a private room with monitored negative air pressure.

A nurse is completing an intake assessment. The nurse notes that an older adult male client appears to have bruises in varying stages of healing. Which action by the nurse indicates an understanding of her responsibilities?

The nurse should question the client about the source of the bruises.

A nurse is preparing to file a safety event report after a client experienced a fall. Which statement is correct regarding the filing of a safety event report?

The nurse should record the incident in the client's medical record and fill out a safety event report separately. NOT- The nurse should include a note on the client's chart that mentions the report.

A nurse was injured when a client with Alzheimer disease struck the nurse on the side of the head during a transfer. The nurse has completed an incident report. Which statement about an incident report is most accurate?

The report provides a detailed and objective account of the circumstances before, during, and after the event.

Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?

Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.

A registered nurse wishes to work as a nurse researcher. Which is true regarding nurse researchers?

They are responsible for the continued development and advancement of nursing.

Personal protective equipment (PPE) is used in health care facilities for primarily which reason?

To protect both the staff and clients from becoming infected by one another

Which types of knowledge are subjective? (Select all that apply.)

Traditional knowledge Authoritative knowledge

Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client'Unds understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?

Undergoing the informed consent process with the client

The nurse is preparing to apply a prescription ointment to the client's wound. After reviewing the image, what is the most important step for the nurse to take?

Use a sterile cotton-tipped applicator to apply the prescription to the site

The nurse is providing an in-service educational program for the interprofessional health care team about infection control precautions. What teaching will the nurse include? Select all that apply.

Wear personal protective equipment (PPE). Keep client's environment clean. Practice hand hygiene

The RN is working with hospital administrators to transform care at their facility. Which nursing competency will be critical for the nurse to utilize?

Work effectively in interdisciplinary teams

The nurse is caring for a client who has been repetitively pulling at IV lines and the urinary catheter. After other methods of diverting the client's behaviors fail, the health care provider orders chemical restraints. Which treatment does the nurse anticipate?

administration of an antipsychotic agent to alter the client's behavior NOT- asking the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) to sit with the client

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

adults

The nurse is caring for an older adult with pulmonary tuberculosis. Which precautions will the nurse begin?

airborne

The nurse caring for clients at an outpatient clinic determines that which client is at greatest risk for infection?

an 80-year-old woman NOT- an 18-month-old infant

The nurse recognizes that assessment for sensory-perceptual alterations is a priority for which client?

an 84-year-old male with four recent driving violations

A nurse visits an older adult client at home and assesses the safety of the client's environment. Which article can be a threat to the client's safety?

area rugs kept on the stairs without carpet

the nurse graduated several years ago from a 2-year nursing program at a community college near the home city. Recently, the nurse has considered moving from providing direct client care into an administrative role, but recognizes the need for further education to be considered for such a position. The nurse most likely possesses which nursing qualification?

associate degree

A nurse mentoring second-year nursing students from a community college plans clinical experiences for them. These students will most likely graduate in which time frame?

at the end of the year

A client suffers from bloody diarrhea after eating contaminated food at a local restaurant. The client has been infected with a(an):

bacteria. NOT: virus

The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis. The prior shift's nurse has placed the client in droplet precautions. Which is the appropriate nursing action?

change to airborne precautions NOT- continue with droplet precautions

The nurse is caring for a client who requires frequent airway suctioning. Which precautions will the nurse select for the client?

droplet

A prospective student is interested in alternate emerging pathways to the nursing profession instead of the traditional programs. What pathways should the student be advised to research? Select all that apply.

entry level master's degree programs RN completion programs for LPNs

A school nurse is aware of poisoning risks in the adolescent population. Poisoning in this age group is most often related to:

experimentation with drugs and inhalants.

The nurse is preparing to help mobilize a client with an abdominal wound that is colonized by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the shown actions should the nurse perform before assisting the client?

gown and gloves

The primary aim of the Healthy People 2020 initiative is:

health promotion.

What was one barrier to the development of the nursing profession in the United States after the Civil War?

lack of educational standards

A client comes to the emergency department reporting becoming very ill after consuming shrimp and lobster. How will the nurse document this condition?

noncommunicable disease

From 1900 to 1940, research in nursing focused on:

nursing education and teaching.

The nurse notices a student preparing to enter the room of a client with pulmonary tuberculosis with only gloves on. What is the appropriate nursing intervention?

remind the student that a fitted N95 respirator is required

The nurse is working at a local elementary school. A mother arrives to pick up her 6-year-old son and has her 2-year-old daughter in tow. Based on the nurse's developmental knowledge of toddlers, which behavior would most concern the nurse?

the 2-year-old leaning against the screen of a window in a classroom

Which care intervention should the nurse anticipate when providing care to a client admitted with a possible diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB)?

wearing a particulate respirator for all client care and interaction