4.1 Study Guide

Define linear guide

A line drawn or visualized on the surface of the skin to represent the approximate location of some deeper lying structures

Describe the Triangle of Scarpa

AKA femoral triangle; upper third of thigh contains femoral nerve, artery and vein; inguinal ligament is base of triangle, medial border is sartorius muscle, lateral border is adductor longus muscle

Describe the anatomical guide of the facial artery

Along the inferior border of the mandible just anterior to the angle of the mandibular

The popliteal vein continues as which vein?

Anterior tibial vein

Describe the anatomical limits of the left subclavian artery

Begins at level of second costal cartilage; terminates at lateral border of 1st rib

List the anatomical limits of the right subclavian artery

Begins at sternoclavicular articulation and terminates at lateral border of 1st rib

List the anatomical limits of the right common carotid artery

Begins at the level of the right sternoclavicular articulation and extends to the superior border of thyroid cartilage

Describe the anatomical limits of the left common carotid artery

Begins at the level of the second costal cartilage and extends to the superior border of thyroid cartilage

While embalming a body from the right common carotid artery, you realize the right axillary artery is obstructed. What other artery could you use to embalm the portion of the body that is not receiving distribution?

Brachial artery

Describe the linear guide of the common carotid artery

Draw/visualize a long on the surface of the skin from a point over the sternoclavicular articulation to a point over the anterior surface of the base of respective earlobes

Describe the linear guide of the ulnar artery

Draw/visualize line on skin from center of the antecubital fossa on forearm to a point between the 4th and 5th fingers

Describe anatomical position

Erect position with face directed forward, arms at the side with palms of the hands facing forward

Describe the anatomical limits of the axillary artery

Extends from a beginning point at the lateral border of the first rib to the inferior border of the tendon of teres major muscle

Describe the anatomical limits of the ulnar artery

Extends from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of elbow to medial palm of hand

Describe the anatomical limits of the radial artery

Extends from a point approximately 1 inch below and in front of the bend of the elbow to a point over base of the thumb

Describe the anatomical limits of the popliteal artery

Extends from a point beginning at the opening of adductor magnus muscle to lower border of the popliteus muscle

What is the linear guide of the dorsalis pedis artery?

From center of anterior surface of ankle joint to point between first and second toe

Which branch of the aortic arch supplies blood to the left arm?

Left subclavian artery

On an autopsied body, you are able to raise the right common iliac artery; which areas of the body will be embalmed by injecting this artery?

Legs and feet

Describe the anatomical guide of the radial artery

Lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi radialis muscle

Describe the anatomical guide of the ulnar artery

Lies just lateral to the tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

Define anatomical guide

Method of locating a structure (artery or vein) by reference to an adjacent known or prominent structure

While embalming a body from the right femoral artery, you realize there is a blockage in the right common iliac artery. Can you use the left femoral artery to embalm the remainder of the body (assuming there are no other blockages)?

No

If embalming a body (with no vascular obstructions) from the right axillary artery, what regions will be embalmed by facing the arterial tube to the proximal direction? Distally?

Proximal - shoulder and neck Distal - arm, hand

Define anatomical limit

The point of origin and point of termination of a structure in relation to adjacent structures

The brachial artery bifurcates into what two other vessels?

Radial and ulnar arteries

What vessel would you raise to perform a sectional embalming on the hand only?

Radial or ulnar artery

When embalming an autopsied body using the brachiocephalic artery, what regions of the body will be embalmed by that single injection?

Right arm and hand

Describe the anatomical guide of the common carotid artery

The right and left common carotid arteries are located posterior to the medial border of the SCM, on their respective sides of the neck

Describe the anatomical guide of the axillary artery

The axillary artery is located just behind the medial border of the coracobrachialis muscle

If the body you are embalming has an obstruction in the radial artery, which other artery could be used to supply embalming fluid to the hand?

Ulnar artery

Describe the linear guide of the anterior tibial artery

a line drawn from the lateral border of the patella (kneecap) to the anterior surface of the ankle

The subclavian artery continues as which artery?

axillary arteries

Describe the linear guide of the brachial artery

from the center of the base of the axillary space to center of forearm just below the bend of the elbow

Describe the linear guide of the posterior tibial artery

from the center of the popliteal space to a point midway between the medial malleolus and calcaneal tendon

Which vein accompanies the right common carotid artery?

internal jugular vein

When embalming an autopsied body using the left subclavian, what regions of the body will be embalmed by that single injection?

left arm, hand, shoulder and some of the neck

Describe the anatomical guide of the brachial artery

lies posterior to the medial border of the belly of the biceps brachii muscle

Describe the anatomical guide of the popliteal artery

located between the popliteal surface of the femur and the oblique popliteal ligament

Describe the anatomical guide of the external iliac artery

medial border of the psoas major muscle

Describe the linear guide of the radial artery

on surface of the forearm from center of the antecubital fossa to center of base of the second digit (index finger)

Describe the linear guide of the femoral artery

on the surface of the thigh from the center of the inguinal ligament to the center point on the medial condyle of the femur

List the four parts of the aorta

the ascending aorta, the aortic arch, the thoracic (descending) aorta and the abdominal aorta

List the three branches of the aortic arch (from R to L)

the brachiocephalic artery, the left common carotid artery, and the left subclavian (literally "under the clavicle") artery

The femoral artery is a continuation of which artery?

the external iliac artery

What area of the body is supplied blood by the ulnar artery?

the hands and fingers

List the two branches of the brachiocephalic artery

the right common carotid artery and the right subclavian artery

Describe the linear guide of the axillary artery

through the center of the base of the axillary space and parallel to the long axis of the upper extremity when abducted

Describe the anatomical guide of the femoral artery

through the center of the femoral triangle bounded laterally by the sartorius muscle and medially by the adductor longus muscle

Describe the linear guide of the popliteal artery

visualize a line on the surface of the skin from the center of the superior border of the popliteal space parallel to the long axis of the lower extremity to the center of the inferior border of the popliteal space

Describe the anatomical limits of the femoral artery

begins at a point behind the center of the inguinal ligament...ends at the opening of the adductors longus muscle

Describe the anatomical limits of the brachial artery

begins at the inferior border of the tendon of the teres major muscle and terminates at a point just inferior to the antecubital fossa (bend of the elbow)

Describe the anatomical guide of the subclavian artery

Clavicle