a
Which type(s) of microorganisms have cells that do NOT contain organelles?
-Bacteria -Archaea
Which of the following is not true regarding viruses? a)Viruses are nonliving. b)Viruses are acellular. c)Viruses are smaller than most bacteria. d)Viruses are eukaryotic.
d)Viruses are eukaryotic.
is the light-fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material.
photosynthesis
Which event helped establish the science of microbiology?
the development of the microscope
True or false: Lister first promoted the use of disinfecting agents prior to surgery.
true
True or false: Not all eukaryotes are microorganisms.
true
The term ______ is used to refer to the fact that microbes exist nearly everywhere on the earth.
ubiquitous
A(n) _____ is a microscopic agent, which is not cellular (acellular) and is composed of nucleic acids surrounded by a protein coat.
virus
Which defines spontaneous generation?
Abiogenesis
True or false: Viruses are considered living organisms and are classified under the Woese system as members of the domain Archaea.
False
What technology involves the deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products?
Genetic engineering
Who established the four postulates to verify the germ theory and developed many of the laboratory techniques still used in microbiology labs today?
Koch
Which process uses the sun's energy to produce organic compounds and ATP from carbon dioxide and water?
Photosynthesis
The development of the established the science of microbiology by providing a means by which microorganisms could be viewed.
microscope
Organisms that are only visible with the aid of a microscope are ______.
microscopic
______ microbes that are associated with humans cause no harm.
most
The evolution of ______ photosynthesis in microorganisms generated an oxygenated atmosphere over time.
oxygenic
A(n) _____ is the general term used to refer to any disease-causing microorganism.
pathogen
In general, disease-causing organisms are referred to as ______.
pathogens
The deliberate manipulation of organisms by transferring genetic material from one organism to another, a type of genetic engineering, is known as _____ DNA technology.
recombinant
The concept of living things arising from vital forces in nonliving or decomposing materials was known as ______.
spontaneous generation
Which microbes have a true nucleus?
yeast and protists
Which two of the following groups of organisms arguably play the greatest role in biological decomposition?
-bacteria -fungi
Microbiology involves the study of microscopic organisms or agents, including ______.
-protozoa -helminths -archaea -viruses -bacteria -fungi
Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes, also known as akaryotes?
All lack a nucleus.
Which of the following processes is the decomposition of harmful chemicals by microbes?
Bioremediation
_____ is the specific process by which microbes carry out the decomposition of harmful chemicals.
Bioremediation/Biodegradation
The cells of which microorganisms contain organelles?
Eukaryotes
Who first promoted the use of disinfecting agents in surgical operating rooms?
Lister
Select the correct statement regarding photosynthesis.
Oxygenic photosynthesis is more efficient than anoxygenic photosynthesis.
Louis developed methods of making dairy products safer and the formation of beer and wine using microbes.
Pasteur
Who developed techniques for handling liquids (such as beer, wine and milk) and also completed studies on infectious disease agents?
Pasteur
Which scientist established a connection between infections in the maternity ward and physicians with unwashed hands coming directly from autopsies?
Semmelweis
What is biotechnology?
The use of microbes or their products for commercial or industrial purposes
Which microbe(s) do NOT have a true nucleus?
bacteria and archaea (and viruses)
All ______ are microorganisms, but not all ______ are microorganisms.
bacteria; eukaryotes
Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the subdiscipline of microbiology referred to as
biotechnology
_____ is the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds that can be directed back into the natural cycle of living things.
decomposition
For human health and well-being, it is important to have a ______ microbiota.
diverse
Genetic _____ , or recombinant DNA technology, is a method of deliberately modifying the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products.
engineering
True or false: A virus is a cellular agent that possesses membrane-bound organelles.
false
True or false: Semmelweis first promoted the use of disinfecting agents during surgery, such as the spraying of phenol in the operating room.
false (it was Joseph Lister, Semmelweis noticed infections with maternity ward examinations when coming from the autopsy room)
Select the contributions of Robert Koch.
-Established postulates to verify the germ theory of disease -Confirmed the bacterial cause of anthrax
Recombinant DNA technology involves the transfer of ______ from one organism to another.
genetic material
Work by Louis Pasteur and other scientists to show that human diseases could arise from infection led to the _____ theory of disease.
germ
is a specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.
microbiology
The germ theory of disease stated that ______.
microorganisms could cause infection and disease