a

Which type(s) of microorganisms have cells that do NOT contain organelles?

-Bacteria -Archaea

Which of the following is not true regarding viruses? a)Viruses are nonliving. b)Viruses are acellular. c)Viruses are smaller than most bacteria. d)Viruses are eukaryotic.

d)Viruses are eukaryotic.

is the light-fueled conversion of carbon dioxide to organic material.

photosynthesis

Which event helped establish the science of microbiology?

the development of the microscope

True or false: Lister first promoted the use of disinfecting agents prior to surgery.

true

True or false: Not all eukaryotes are microorganisms.

true

The term ______ is used to refer to the fact that microbes exist nearly everywhere on the earth.

ubiquitous

A(n) _____ is a microscopic agent, which is not cellular (acellular) and is composed of nucleic acids surrounded by a protein coat.

virus

Which defines spontaneous generation?

Abiogenesis

True or false: Viruses are considered living organisms and are classified under the Woese system as members of the domain Archaea.

False

What technology involves the deliberate modification of the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products?

Genetic engineering

Who established the four postulates to verify the germ theory and developed many of the laboratory techniques still used in microbiology labs today?

Koch

Which process uses the sun's energy to produce organic compounds and ATP from carbon dioxide and water?

Photosynthesis

The development of the established the science of microbiology by providing a means by which microorganisms could be viewed.

microscope

Organisms that are only visible with the aid of a microscope are ______.

microscopic

______ microbes that are associated with humans cause no harm.

most

The evolution of ______ photosynthesis in microorganisms generated an oxygenated atmosphere over time.

oxygenic

A(n) _____ is the general term used to refer to any disease-causing microorganism.

pathogen

In general, disease-causing organisms are referred to as ______.

pathogens

The deliberate manipulation of organisms by transferring genetic material from one organism to another, a type of genetic engineering, is known as _____ DNA technology.

recombinant

The concept of living things arising from vital forces in nonliving or decomposing materials was known as ______.

spontaneous generation

Which microbes have a true nucleus?

yeast and protists

Which two of the following groups of organisms arguably play the greatest role in biological decomposition?

-bacteria -fungi

Microbiology involves the study of microscopic organisms or agents, including ______.

-protozoa -helminths -archaea -viruses -bacteria -fungi

Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes, also known as akaryotes?

All lack a nucleus.

Which of the following processes is the decomposition of harmful chemicals by microbes?

Bioremediation

_____ is the specific process by which microbes carry out the decomposition of harmful chemicals.

Bioremediation/Biodegradation

The cells of which microorganisms contain organelles?

Eukaryotes

Who first promoted the use of disinfecting agents in surgical operating rooms?

Lister

Select the correct statement regarding photosynthesis.

Oxygenic photosynthesis is more efficient than anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Louis developed methods of making dairy products safer and the formation of beer and wine using microbes.

Pasteur

Who developed techniques for handling liquids (such as beer, wine and milk) and also completed studies on infectious disease agents?

Pasteur

Which scientist established a connection between infections in the maternity ward and physicians with unwashed hands coming directly from autopsies?

Semmelweis

What is biotechnology?

The use of microbes or their products for commercial or industrial purposes

Which microbe(s) do NOT have a true nucleus?

bacteria and archaea (and viruses)

All ______ are microorganisms, but not all ______ are microorganisms.

bacteria; eukaryotes

Designing organisms in the industrial setting that can provide human products through genetic engineering or clean up environmental waste through bioremediation is part of the subdiscipline of microbiology referred to as

biotechnology

_____ is the breakdown of dead matter and wastes into simple compounds that can be directed back into the natural cycle of living things.

decomposition

For human health and well-being, it is important to have a ______ microbiota.

diverse

Genetic _____ , or recombinant DNA technology, is a method of deliberately modifying the genetic structure of an organism to create novel products.

engineering

True or false: A virus is a cellular agent that possesses membrane-bound organelles.

false

True or false: Semmelweis first promoted the use of disinfecting agents during surgery, such as the spraying of phenol in the operating room.

false (it was Joseph Lister, Semmelweis noticed infections with maternity ward examinations when coming from the autopsy room)

Select the contributions of Robert Koch.

-Established postulates to verify the germ theory of disease -Confirmed the bacterial cause of anthrax

Recombinant DNA technology involves the transfer of ______ from one organism to another.

genetic material

Work by Louis Pasteur and other scientists to show that human diseases could arise from infection led to the _____ theory of disease.

germ

is a specialized area of biology that deals with living things ordinarily too small to be seen without magnification.

microbiology

The germ theory of disease stated that ______.

microorganisms could cause infection and disease