A & P II: Blood Quiz 1 & 2
erythropoietin, erythrocytes
A decrease in blood oxygen increases the release of __________________ from kidneys and liver, and it stimulates the production of _________________ by red bone marrow.
four protein chains and four heme groups
A hemoglobin molecule is composed of ________ ___________ _________ and ________ ________ ___________.
liver, spleen, bone marrow
Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the _________, __________, and _________ ____________.
iron ions, antibodies
Beta-globulins (example: transferrin) transport ________ _____, whereas immunoglobulins are ________________.
connective
Blood is correctly classified as a ________________ tissue.
globin, heme
Hemoglobin contains ________, a protein combined with an iron-containing pigment called ________.
55,45
In a given volume of blood, about ________% is plasma and ________% is formed elements.
increase the viscosity of blood
One of the unhealthy effects of blood doping is to _____________ the __________ of __________.
bright red
Oxygen-rich blood is ________ _______ in color.
collagen in connective tissues
Platelets become sticky and adhere to each other when exposed to _____________ in _____________ __________.
form stacks
Rouleaux refers to the ability of RBCs to ________ _________.
platelets, leukocytes
The "buffy coat" in a centrifuged blood sample is composed of ____________ and _______________.
erythrocytes
The clinical definition of the hematocrit refers to the percentage of ________________ in blood.
fibrin
The enzyme thrombin converts fibrinogen into strands of ________, which form a blood clot.
oxygen, carbon dioxide
The hemoglobin found in erythrocytes is able to chemically attach to ____________ or __________ ____________.
oxygen
The hemoglobin within erythrocytes plays a major role in the transport of ________ by the blood.
albumins
The most abundant plasma proteins are the ___________.
hematocrit
The percent fraction of formed elements relative to whole blood is the _________________.
Hemopoiesis
The process of producing the formed elements of blood is called __________________.
Erythropoietin
Two organs that help detect low red blood cell numbers and produce the hormone, __________ to correct this are the kidneys and liver.
5 liters
Typically, an adult's body contains on average about ____ _________ of blood.
-transport body heat -defense against toxins and pathogens -transport of gases -transport of nutrients and waste
What are some functions of blood? (4 functions)
liver
Which organ secretes most of the plasma proteins?
Protection
Which term best describes the function of blood when considering the presence of leukocytes and antibodies?
liver, spleen
Worn-out red blood cells are removed from circulation by the ________ and ________.
