A level English Language- Gender terminology
What are the variables for the difference approach(6)
*age *class *ethinicity *education *occupation *sexuality
Co-referental
2 expressions which have the same referent e.g tommy and boy
Generic terms
A noun that refers to a whole class, collective noun (Guys/folks)
Representation
A portrayal of events through language and man-making resouces (graphology)
Semantic derogation
Process where words may aquire a negative connotation (sexist language)
Ritual abuse
Banter
Sex
Biological features (Male and female). It is predefined, we are born as one sex or another
Gender neutral
Expression/word that can't be taken to only one gender
Stereotype
Oversimplifyed representation of a person, group or event
Gender bias
Language that reveals a certain amount of discrimination towards a certain gender
Institutional sexism
Language used to refer to men and women
Detrioration
Process of becoming progressively worse
Is women's language marked or unmarked?
Marked
Gender
Socially expected characteristics of each sex (masculine and femenine) which is alterable as we are not born into gender roles, but we are socialised from an early age
Appropriation
The act of taking something, e.g '*****' was offensive but now in 21st century it is not
Pejoration
The downgrading of a words meaning. The meaning gets worse (e.g silly was innocent, now stupid)
Gender socialisation
The process by which we aquire social knowledge through socialisation.
Convert prestige
The rebellious attitude that men adopt by seeking independence (Attached to non-standard english)
Stigmative
To describe or regard something as worthy of disgrace or great disappointment (prostitute or stupid)
Objectification
To present someone as an object (thing)
Lexical Asymmetry
Unequal word used fo female version (bachelor vs spinster, lad vs slut= connotations)
What is a marked term?
Words that change to original words depending on gender, e.g Actor- actress, Man-Woman
Pejorative
judgmental term usually implying disapproval or critisicm
Amelioration
opposite of pejoration, words meaning get better, (sick and pretty)
Referents
words used to refer to a person or thing, (boys, girls)
