A2 EX.5 PREP U CH.33

A client's family member asks the nurse why disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs. Which statement by the nurse correctly explains the cause of DIC? "DIC is caused when hemolytic processes destroy erythrocytes." "DIC occurs when the immune system attacks platelets and causes massive bleeding." "DIC is a complication of an autoimmune disease that attacks the body's own cells." "DIC is caused by abnormal activation of the clotting pathway, causing excessive amounts of tiny clots to form inside organs."

"DIC is caused by abnormal activation of the clotting pathway, causing excessive amounts of tiny clots to form inside organs."

A client with megaloblastic anemia reports mouth and tongue soreness. What instruction will the nurse give the client regarding eating while managing the client's symptoms? "Eat low-fiber blended foods only." "Eat cold, bland foods with a large amount of water." "Eat larger amounts of bland, soft foods less frequently." "Eat small amounts of bland, soft foods frequently."

"Eat small amounts of bland, soft foods frequently."

The nurse is collecting data for a client who has been diagnosed with iron-deficiency anemia. What subjective findings does the nurse recognize as symptoms related to this type of anemia? "I have a difficult time falling asleep at night." "I have an increase in my appetite." "I feel hot all of the time." "I have difficulty breathing when walking 30 feet."

"I have difficulty breathing when walking 30 feet."

A home care nurse visits a client diagnosed with atrial fibrillation who is ordered warfarin. The nurse teaches the client about warfarin therapy. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching? "I'll use an electric razor to shave." "I'll report unexplained or severe bruising to my doctor right away." "I'll eat four servings of fresh, dark green vegetables every day." "I'll watch my gums for bleeding when I brush my teeth."

"I'll eat four servings of fresh, dark green vegetables every day." Dark, green vegetables contain vitamin K, which reverses the effects of warfarin. The client should limit his intake to one to two servings per day.

A female client with the beta-thalassemia trait plans to marry a man of Italian ancestry who also has the trait. Which client statement indicates that she understands the teaching provided by the nurse? "If my fiancé was of Middle Eastern descent, I wouldn't be worried about having children." "Thalassemia is treated with iron supplements." "I'll see a genetic counselor before starting a family." "I need to learn how to give myself vitamin B12 injections."

"I'll see a genetic counselor before starting a family."

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

A hereditary condition in which red blood cells break down when the body is exposed to certain drugs.

A client is hospitalized 3 days prior to a total hip arthroplasty and reports a high level of pain with ambulation. The client has been taking warfarin at home, which is now discontinued. To prevent the formation of blood clots, which action should the nurse take? Administer the prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox). Have the client limit physical activity. Encourage a diet high in vitamin K. Monitor partial thromboplastin (PTT) time.

Administer the prescribed enoxaparin (Lovenox).

Which of the following is the most common hematologic condition affecting elderly patients Thrombocytopenia Bandemia Anemia Leukopenia

Anemia

A nurse caring for a client who has hemophilia is getting ready to take the client's vital signs. What should the nurse do before taking a blood pressure? Ask if taking a blood pressure has ever produced bleeding under the skin or in the arm joints. Ask if taking a blood pressure has ever produced pain in the upper arm. Ask if taking a blood pressure has ever caused bruising in the hand and wrist. Ask if taking a blood pressure has ever produced the need for medication.

Ask if taking a blood pressure has ever produced bleeding under the skin or in the arm joints.

When teaching a client with iron deficiency anemia about appropriate food choices, the nurse encourages the client to increase the dietary intake of which foods? Dairy products Beans, dried fruits, and leafy, green vegetables Fruits high in vitamin C, such as oranges and grapefruits Berries and orange vegetables

Beans, dried fruits, and leafy, green vegetables

Which is a symptom of hemochromatosis? Weight gain Inflammation of the mouth Inflammation of the tongue Bronzing of the skin

Bronzing of the skin

A young client is diagnosed with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PD). After reviewing the client's recent activities, what instruction should the nurse recommend to the client? Consult a health care provider about ingesting trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection. Stop drinking excessive caffeinated beverages in less than 24 hours. Quit cigarette smoking. Discontinue exposure on a sun tanning bed.

Consult a health care provider about ingesting trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole for a urinary tract infection.

A patient with chronic renal failure is examined by the health care provider for anemia. Which laboratory results will the nurse monitor? Decreased total iron-binding capacity Increased reticulocyte count Increased mean corpuscular volume Decreased level of erythropoietin

Decreased level of erythropoietin

A client with anemia has been admitted to the medical-surgical unit. Which assessment findings are characteristic of iron deficiency anemia? Itching, rash, and jaundice Nights sweats, weight loss, and diarrhea Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor Nausea, vomiting, and anorexia

Dyspnea, tachycardia, and pallor

The nurse is educating a patient with iron deficiency anemia about food sources high in iron and how to enhance the absorption of iron when eating these foods. What can the nurse inform the client would enhance the absorption? Eating apple slices with carrots Eating a steak with mushrooms Eating leafy green vegetables with a glass of water Eating calf's liver with a glass of orange juice

Eating calf's liver with a glass of orange juice

A thin client is prescribed iron dextran intramuscularly. What is most important action taken by the nurse when administering this medication? Rubs the site vigorously Injects into the deltoid muscle Employs the Z-track technique Uses a 23-gauge needle

Employs the Z-track technique

A male client has a hemoglobin count of 10.2 gm/dl, a hematocrit value of 36%, and a low ferritin level. What question should the nurse ask first? Can you explain your typical diet? Have you experienced abdominal pain? How much alcohol do you drink? Are you taking iron supplements?

Have you experienced abdominal pain?

The nurse is performing an assessment for a client with anemia admitted to the hospital to have blood transfusions administered. Why would the nurse need to include a nutritional assessment for this patient? It is part of the required assessment information. It is important for the nurse to determine what type of foods the patient will eat. It will determine what type of anemia the patient has. It may indicate deficiencies in essential nutrients.

It may indicate deficiencies in essential nutrients.

During the review of morning laboratory values for a client reporting severe fatigue and a red, swollen tongue, the nurse suspects chronic, severe iron deficiency anemia based on which finding? Enlarged mean corpuscular volume (MCV) Elevated hematocrit concentration Elevated red blood cell (RBC) count Low ferritin level concentration

Low ferritin level concentration

A client with a diagnosis of pernicious anemia comes to the clinic reporting of numbness and tingling in his arms and legs. What do these symptoms indicate? Insufficient intake of dietary nutrients Neurologic involvement Severity of the disease Loss of vibratory and position senses

Neurologic involvement

A nurse is caring for a client with iron deficiency anemia. Which food or beverage will the nurse suggest to the client to eat or drink when taking supplemental iron? Kidney beans Milk Orange juice Leafy green vegetables

Orange juice

A client diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus comes to the emergency department with severe back pain. The client is taking prednisone daily and reported feeling pain after manually opening the garage door. What adverse effect of long-term corticosteroid therapy is most likely responsible for the pain? Hypertension Osteoporosis Truncal obesity Muscle wasting

Osteoporosis

A client awaiting a bone marrow aspiration asks the nurse to explain where on the body the procedure will take place. What body part does the nurse identify for the client? Sternum Femur Ankle Posterior iliac crest

Posterior iliac crest

The nurse obtains a unit of blood for the client, Donald D. Smith. The name on the label on the unit of blood reads Donald A. Smith. All the other identifiers are correct. What action should the nurse take? Refuse to administer the blood Administer the unit of blood Ask the client if he was ever known as Donald A. Smith Check with the blood bank first and then administer the blood with their permission

Refuse to administer the blood

A client is prescribed 325 mg/day of oral ferrous sulfate. What does the nurse include in client teaching? Decrease intake of fruits and juices Take with dairy products Take 1 hour before breakfast Decrease intake of dietary fiber

Take 1 hour before breakfast

A patient is taking prednisone 60 mg per day for the treatment of an acute exacerbation of Crohn's disease. The patient has developed lymphopenia with a lymphocyte count of less than 1,500 mm3. What should the nurse monitor the client for?

The onset of a bacterial infection

A client is treated for anemia. What is the nurse's best understanding about the correlation between anemia and the client's iron stores? There is a strong correlation between iron stores and hemoglobin characteristics. There is an inverse relationship between iron stores and hemoglobin levels. There is a strong correlation between iron stores and hemoglobin levels. There is a weak correlation between iron stores and hemoglobin levels.

There is a strong correlation between iron stores and hemoglobin levels.

Folate deficiency occurs in people who rarely eat which of the following? Meat Fruit Uncooked vegetables Bread

Uncooked vegetables

Which medication is the antidote to warfarin? Aspirin Clopidogrel Vitamin K Protamine sulfate

Vitamin K

The most common cause of iron deficiency anemia in men and postmenopausal women is menorrhagia. iron malabsorption. chronic alcoholism. bleeding.

bleeding.

pancytopenia

deficiency of all types of blood cells bnormal decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets

hemochromatosis

excess iron deposits throughout the body bronze of skin affects liver and pancreas

A client with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is admitted to an acute care facility. The nurse monitors the client's platelet count and observes closely for signs and symptoms of bleeding. The client is at greatest risk for cerebral hemorrhage when the platelet count falls below what number? 135,000/?l. 20,000/?l. 10,000/?l. 75,000/?l.

10,000/?l.

A client with sickle cell crisis is admitted to the hospital in severe pain. While caring for the client during the crisis, which is the priority nursing intervention? Limit foods that contain folic acid Encouraging the client to ambulate immediately Limiting the client's intake of oral and IV fluids Administering and evaluating the effectiveness of opioid analgesics

Administering and evaluating the effectiveness of opioid analgesics