A&P biol2301 ch 7
a bone fracture is a __________
an abnormal break in a bone
which organs are protected by bones
brain, heart, lungs, reproductive organs
another name for the calcification of bone is ______________
mineralization
which blood vessels supplies the diaphysis of a long bone
nutrient artery
which statement characterizes canaliculi
nutrients pass through them, they contain osteocyte cytoplasmic extensions, they extend from lacunae to lacunae
compact bone makes up _______of bone mass
80%
Match the fracture type to the best description: avulsion-, comminuted-, complete-, compression-,
Avulsion- complete severing of body part, Comminuted- bone is splintered into several small pieces between the main parts, complete- bone is broken into two or more pieces, Compression- bone is squashed as in vertebra during fall
Rickets is caused by vitamin__________ deficiancy
D
which statement characterizes the functions of cartilage
It covers the end of long bones, it provides a model for the formation of bones
which statement correctly describes compact bone
It forms the external walls of a long bone, it is solid and relatively dense, it contains trebeculae
calcium is required for ________
blood clotting, initiation of muscle contraction, stimulation of the heart
which tissue type are found in bones
blood, nervous tissue, osseous connective
which are examples of short bones
bones of the wrist, some bones of the foot
in bone fracture repair, a fribocartitaginous callus is replaced with a _________ callus
bony
ligaments and tendons are made up of _________
dense regular connective tissue
the elongated cylindrical shaft of a long bone is called ______
diaphysis
the primary ossification is located in the ___________of long bone
diaphysis
the bones of the upper and lower limbs are produced through ____________ ossification
endochondrial
an incomplete layer of cells that line the medullary cavity of a bone is called _______
endosteum
a thin line of compact bone in the epiphysis of a mature bone is called
epiphyseal line
choose the bones that are produced through intramembranous ossification
flat bones of skull, mandible, maxilla
place the stages of bone repair in order
fracture hematoma, fibrocartliginous callus, bony callus, bone is remodeled
match the fracture type with its description: greenstick-, linear-, oblique-, transverse-<
greenstick-partial fracture; convex side of bone breaks and the other side is bent, linear-fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone oblique- diagonal fracture at an angle between linear and transverse, transverse-fracture at right angles to the long axis of the bone
the process of blood cell formation is called
hemopoiesis
which statement is true regarding cartilage
it is found in the head, arms, legs, and trunk of the body, it contains cells and matrix, it is more flexible than bone
which statement describes an osteon
it is microscopic, it runs parallel to the diaphysis of a long bone, it contains the central canal, it is also called the haversian system
chondrocytes occupy small spaces called ________
lacunae
bones of the skeletal function as a system of __________ that are pulled when skeletal muscles are pulled
levers
Based on shape, the most common type of bone is __________
long bone
the process of bone formation is called ___________
ossification
a tough fibrous layer covering the outer surface of a long bone is called __________
periosteum
Which is a function of bone
protection of organs
the epiphysis of a long bone closest to the body trunk is __________ epiphysis
proximal
based on the shape, bones that have the length about equal to their width are classified as __________ bone
short
which are examples of flat bone
shoulder blade bone, bones of the roof of the skull, the breast bone (sternum)
the broken bone does not penetrate the skin in a __________
simple fracture
which statement characterize central canals of osteons
they contain nerves, they are a cylindrical channel, they contain blood vessels
which statement characterize osteocytes
they reside in lacunae, they maintain bone matrix
true or false: bone growth begins during embryologic development
true