A&P biol2301 ch 7

a bone fracture is a __________

an abnormal break in a bone

which organs are protected by bones

brain, heart, lungs, reproductive organs

another name for the calcification of bone is ______________

mineralization

which blood vessels supplies the diaphysis of a long bone

nutrient artery

which statement characterizes canaliculi

nutrients pass through them, they contain osteocyte cytoplasmic extensions, they extend from lacunae to lacunae

compact bone makes up _______of bone mass

80%

Match the fracture type to the best description: avulsion-, comminuted-, complete-, compression-,

Avulsion- complete severing of body part, Comminuted- bone is splintered into several small pieces between the main parts, complete- bone is broken into two or more pieces, Compression- bone is squashed as in vertebra during fall

Rickets is caused by vitamin__________ deficiancy

D

which statement characterizes the functions of cartilage

It covers the end of long bones, it provides a model for the formation of bones

which statement correctly describes compact bone

It forms the external walls of a long bone, it is solid and relatively dense, it contains trebeculae

calcium is required for ________

blood clotting, initiation of muscle contraction, stimulation of the heart

which tissue type are found in bones

blood, nervous tissue, osseous connective

which are examples of short bones

bones of the wrist, some bones of the foot

in bone fracture repair, a fribocartitaginous callus is replaced with a _________ callus

bony

ligaments and tendons are made up of _________

dense regular connective tissue

the elongated cylindrical shaft of a long bone is called ______

diaphysis

the primary ossification is located in the ___________of long bone

diaphysis

the bones of the upper and lower limbs are produced through ____________ ossification

endochondrial

an incomplete layer of cells that line the medullary cavity of a bone is called _______

endosteum

a thin line of compact bone in the epiphysis of a mature bone is called

epiphyseal line

choose the bones that are produced through intramembranous ossification

flat bones of skull, mandible, maxilla

place the stages of bone repair in order

fracture hematoma, fibrocartliginous callus, bony callus, bone is remodeled

match the fracture type with its description: greenstick-, linear-, oblique-, transverse-<

greenstick-partial fracture; convex side of bone breaks and the other side is bent, linear-fracture is parallel to the long axis of the bone oblique- diagonal fracture at an angle between linear and transverse, transverse-fracture at right angles to the long axis of the bone

the process of blood cell formation is called

hemopoiesis

which statement is true regarding cartilage

it is found in the head, arms, legs, and trunk of the body, it contains cells and matrix, it is more flexible than bone

which statement describes an osteon

it is microscopic, it runs parallel to the diaphysis of a long bone, it contains the central canal, it is also called the haversian system

chondrocytes occupy small spaces called ________

lacunae

bones of the skeletal function as a system of __________ that are pulled when skeletal muscles are pulled

levers

Based on shape, the most common type of bone is __________

long bone

the process of bone formation is called ___________

ossification

a tough fibrous layer covering the outer surface of a long bone is called __________

periosteum

Which is a function of bone

protection of organs

the epiphysis of a long bone closest to the body trunk is __________ epiphysis

proximal

based on the shape, bones that have the length about equal to their width are classified as __________ bone

short

which are examples of flat bone

shoulder blade bone, bones of the roof of the skull, the breast bone (sternum)

the broken bone does not penetrate the skin in a __________

simple fracture

which statement characterize central canals of osteons

they contain nerves, they are a cylindrical channel, they contain blood vessels

which statement characterize osteocytes

they reside in lacunae, they maintain bone matrix

true or false: bone growth begins during embryologic development

true