A&P Chapter 9 - part 1

Mike falls off his skateboard and sprains his ankle. Which of the following most likely occurs with this type of accident?

A ligament is stretched and collagen fibers in the ligament are damaged.

Joints can be classified structurally as fibrous. synovial. cartilaginous. bony.

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following is one of the four major types of synarthrotic joints? suture gomphosis synostosis synchondrosis

All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following occurs when the articular cartilage is damaged? The exposed surface appears rough. Friction in the joint increases. Normal synovial joint function is unable to continue. The matrix begins to break down.

All of the answers are correct.

________ subdivide synovial cavities, channel the flow of synovial fluid, and allow for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces.

Menisci

A movement away from the midline of the body is called

abduction.

A slightly movable joint is a(n)

amphiarthrosis.

Bursae are found in all of the following areas except

around many synovial joints.

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following question: What type of tissue occurs at the structure labeled "3"?

articular cartilage

Which of the following movements is a good example of flexion?

bending the elbow

The surface of articular cartilage is

both slick and smooth.

A ________ is a tender nodule formed around bursae over the base of the great toe.

bunion

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following question: Identify the structure at label "1."

bursa

Small pockets of synovial fluid that reduce friction and act as a shock absorber where ligaments and tendons rub against other tissues are called

bursae

Structurally, the pubic symphysis is classified as a ________ articulation.

cartilaginous

Identify the incorrect pair.

chondrosis; freely moving joint

The joint between the forearm bones and the wrist is a ________ joint.

condylar

A freely movable joint is a(n)

diarthrosis

A synovial joint is an example of a(n)

diarthrosis

A ________ occurs when articulating surfaces are forced out of position.

dislocation

A collagenous type of connective tissue that reinforces the synovial joint and is found outside the joint capsule is called the

extracapsular ligament.

Usually found outside the capsule, ________ protect the articular cartilages and act as packing material for the joint.

fat pads

Syndesmosis is to ligament as symphysis is to

fibrous cartilage.

Curling into the "fetal position" ________ the intervertebral joints.

flexes

The movements known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

foot

The synarthrosis that binds the teeth to the bony sockets is a

gomphosis

Monaxial joints are known as ________ joints.

hinge

The ankle joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

hinge

The elbow joint is an example of a(n) ________ joint.

hinge

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

hyperextension

Which of the following is not a function of synovial fluid?

increases osmotic pressure within joint

A common injury to the ankle occurs by excessive turning of the sole inward, called

inversion

The three functions of synovial fluid are nutrient distribution, shock absorption, and

lubrication

In a triaxial articulation,

movement can occur in all three axes.

To pinch with a thumb and finger involves a movement called

opposition

Which of the following types of joints is monaxial, but capable of only rotation?

pivot

Ankle extension is also called

plantar flexion.

An example of a synchondrosis is the articulation of the

ribs with the sternum.

The joint between the trapezium and metacarpal bone of the thumb is an example of a ________ joint.

saddle

The intervertebral disc joint is called a

symphysis

A suture is an example of a(n)

synarthrosis

An immovable joint is a(n)

synarthrosis

A ligamentous connection such as an antebrachial interosseous membrane is called a

syndesmosis

Figure 9-1 A Simplified Sectional View of the Knee Joint Use Figure 9-1 to answer the following question: Identify the structure labeled "2."

synovial membrane