A&P Exam 1

diffusion requires

a concentration gradient

Positive-feedback control systems

accelerate a change

the location at which the enzyme molecule binds to the substance it acts on is called the

active site

the definition of the parasagittal plane would be

any plane that is parallel to the midsagittal plane

the small water channels in the cell membrane are called

aquaporins

a semipermeable membrane is a must requirement for diffusion to occur

false

if the original DNA was ATCGGA, the messenger RNA formed from this DNA would be TUGCCT

false

of the two types of endoplasmic reticulum, rER is responsible for synthesizing lipids

false

red blood cells placed in a hypertonic solution may be destroyed because the blood cells will lyse

false

the three processes that comprise cellular respiration are glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the proton transport system

false

which is NOT an element (found in the periodic table)

glucose

the abdominal region in which the appendix is found is the

hypogastric

the abdominal region in which the urinary bladder is found is the

hypogastric

the body's thermostat is located in the

hypothalamus

which cell fiber is made of twisted strands of protein

intermediate filament

DNA

is a double helix strand of nucleotides

during which stage of mitosis do the centrioles move to the opposite poles of the cell

prophase

the correct order of the phases of mitosis is

prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase

withdrawing from a painful stimulus is an example of

responsiveness

an x-ray technician has been asked to take x-ray films of the liver. which of the abdominopelvic regions must be included?

right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac

which lipid is part of vitamin D

steroids

the end product of the process of translation is a

tRNA molecule

which factor can have an effect on the functioning of an enzyme

temperature, pH, and an increase in the amount of end product produced by a reaction

shivering to try to raise you body temperature back to normal would be an example of

the body trying to maintain homeostasis and a negative-feedback mechanism

if a cell were placed in a hypertonic solution

there would be a net loss of water out of the cell

the lungs are located in the

thoracic cavity

the ventral cavity contains the

thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

DNA is found in mitochondria

true

anticodons make up part of the transfer RNA, because they are opposite of the DNA codon

true

both the citric acid cycle and the electron transport system occur in the mitochondria

true

cholesterol is a type of steroid

true

enzymes are functional proteins that bring molecules together or split them apart in chemical reactions

true

facilitated diffusion is a metabolically inexpensive process

true

for osmosis to occur, a selectively permeable membrane must be present

true

in normal mitosis, the two daughter cells are identical genetically to the parent cell

true

kidneys are bilateral organs located in the abdominal region. but they are located outside the peritoneal membrane posterior to which is called retroperitoneal.

true

metabolism includes the processes of both anabolism and catabolism

true

one function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is to help maintain a low Ca++ concentration in the cell's interior

true

responsiveness or irritability is the ability to sense changes in the environment and then make necessary changes of the behavior according to them. this is the basis of homeostasis.

true

the ability of proteins to perform their function depends on their shape or conformation

true

the centromere holds two chromatids together

true

the mitochondria are unique organelles because they are able to replicate themselves

true

the most important end product in cellular respiration is ATP and oxygen is one of the reactants

true

the part of the serous membrane that lines the wall of the heart is called the pericardium

true

the process of glycolysis produces two molecules of pyruvate for every on molecule of glucose

true

the size of the molecule is an important factor in both dialysis and filtration

true

two types of lipids, phospholipids, and cholesterol, are important molecules in the cell membrane

true

when vesicles from the Golgi apparatus reach the cell membrane, the contents re secreted outside the cell

true

the mediastinum is located in the __________ cavity

ventral

the partial pleura covers the

walls of the thoracic cavity

the list abundant and important compound(s) in the body is(are)

water

the formation of surcrose involves the removal of a molecule of water. this is called

dehydration synthesis

another term for posterior is

dorsal

The two major cavities of the body are the:

dorsal and ventral

which terms CANNOT bee used in describing RNA

double stranded

phagocytosis is an example of

endocytosis

ATP is broken down in an anabolic reaction

false

the basic building blocks of nucleic acid are

nucleotides

which is the correct order of the organismal complexity

organelle-->cell-->tissue-->organ

the ______pressure of a solution is the pressure that prevents the movement of water by osmosis from pure water into the solution

osmotic

if the secretion of oxytocin during childbirth operated as a negative-feedback control loop, what effect would it have on uterine contractions?

oxytocin would inhibit uterine contractions

a structural lipid found in the cell membrane is a

phospholipid and steroid

the approximate pH of gastric fluid is

2

how many main tissue types are found in the human body

4

which organelle processes and packages material to be secreted

Golgi apparatus

interphase does not include which of the following

M phase

DNA is a major constituent of which cell organelle

Nucleus

the fundamental organizational unit of life is the

cell

in nondividing cells, DNA appears as threads that are referred to as

chromatin

all of the following occur as a result of meiosis except

chromosome number remains at 46

a sequence of three bases forms a(n)

codon

a plane through the body that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions is

coronal

after phagocytosis occurs, enzymes from which organelle can digest what is in the vesicles

lysosome

the structure in cells that is associated with the enzymatic breakdown (digestion) of foreign material is the

lysosome

the end product of the process of transcription is a

mRNA molecule

the therm most nearly opposite cortical would be

medullary