A&P I chapter 16

Which of the following statements concerning the preganglionic neurons of the ANS is true? A) All parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine. B) Only parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine. C) All sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine. D) Only sympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete norepinephrine.

A) all parasympathetic preganglionic neurons secrete acetylcholine

The activation of alpha and beta adrenergic receptors A) generally produces a stimulatory response. B) generally produces no response. C) only occurs when epinephrine from the adrenal glands binds to them. D) occurs when acetylcholine binds to them.

A) generally produces a stimulatory response

A sudden increase in blood pressure A) initiates a sympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate. B) initiates a local reflex that decreases heart rate. C) initiates a parasympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate. D) both A and B. E) both B and C.

A) initiates a sympathetic reflex that decreases heart rate

The white ramus communicans contains A) preganglionic sympathetic fibers. B) postganglionic sympathetic fibers. C) preganglionic parasympathetic fibers. D) postganglionic parasympathetic fibers.

A) preganglionic sympathetic fibers

A cholinergic neuron A) secretes acetylcholine. B) has receptors for acetylcholine. C) secretes norepinephrine. D) has receptors for norepinephrine. E) secretes both acetylcholine and norepinephrine.

A) secretes acetylcholine

Splanchnic nerves A) are part of the somatic division. B) have preganglionic neurons that synapse in the collateral ganglia. C) exit from the cervical region of the spinal cord. D) travel from the spinal cord to the sympathetic chain ganglia. E) all of the above.

B) have preganglionic neurons that synapse in the collateral ganglia

Sympathetic axons reach organs through all of the following except A) abdominopelvic nerve plexuses. B) head and neck nerve plexuses. C) thoracic nerve plexuses. D) pelvic nerves. E) spinal nerves.

B) head and neck nerve plexuses

Which of these is expected if the sympathetic division is activated? A) Secretion of watery saliva increases. B) Tear production increases. C) Air passageways dilate. D) Glucose release from the liver decreases. E) All of the above.

C) Air passageways dilate

When acetylcholine binds to nicotinic receptors, A) the cell's response is mediated by G proteins. B) the response can be excitatory or inhibitory. C) Na+ channels open. D) it only occurs at the effector organ. E) all of the above.

C) Na+ channels open

Given these structures: 1. gray ramus communicans 2. white ramus communicans 3. sympathetic chain ganglion Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order an action potential passes through them from a spinal nerve to an effector organ. A) 1,2,3 B) 1,3,2 C) 2,1,3 D) 2,3,1 E) 3,2,1

D) 2, 3, 1

Given these structures: 1. collateral ganglion 2. sympathetic chain ganglion 3. white ramus communicans 4. splanchnic nerve Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order an action potential travels through them on the way from a spinal nerve to an effector organ. A) 1,3,2,4 B) 1,4,2,3 C) 3,1,4,2 D) 3,2,4,1 E) 4,3,1,2

D) 3, 2, 4, 1

The sympathetic division A) is always stimulatory. B) is always inhibitory. C) is usually under conscious control. D) generally opposes the actions of the parasympathetic division. E) both A and C.

D) generally opposes that actions of the parasympathetic division

Which of these is not a part of the enteric nervous system? A) ANS motor neurons B) neurons located only in the digestive tract C) sensory neurons D) somatic neurons

D) somatic neurons

Which of the following statements regarding the adrenal gland is true? A) The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release acetylcholine. B) The parasympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine. C) The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release acetylcholine. D) The sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine.

D) the sympathetic division stimulates the adrenal gland to release epinephrine

Which of these cranial nerves does not contain parasympathetic fibers? A) oculomotor (III) B) facial (VII) C) glossopharyngeal (IX) D) trigeminal (V) E) vagus (X)

D) trigeminal (V)

Given these statements: 1. neuron cell bodies in the nuclei of cranial nerves 2. neuron cell bodies in the lateral gray matter of the spinal cord (S2-S4) 3. two synapses between the CNS and effector organs 4. regulates smooth muscle Which of the statements are true for the autonomic nervous system? A) 1,3 B) 2,4 C) 1,2,3 D) 2,3,4 E) 1,2,3,4

E) 1, 2, 3, 4

Nicotinic receptors are located in A) postganglionic neurons of the parasympathetic division. B) postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division. C) membranes of skeletal muscle cells. D) both A and B. E) all of the above.

E) all of the above

The parasympathetic division A) is also called the craniosacral division. B) has preganglionic axons in cranial nerves. C) has preganglionic axons in pelvic nerves. D) has ganglia near or in the wall of effector organs. E) all of the above.

E) all of the above

Which of these structures is (are) innervated almost exclusively by the sympathetic division? A) gastrointestinal tract B) heart C) urinary bladder D) reproductive tract E) blood vessels

E) blood vessels

The cell bodies of the postganglionic neurons of the sympathetic division are located in the A) sympathetic chain ganglia. B) collateral ganglia. C) terminal ganglia. D) dorsal root ganglia. E) both A and B.

E) both A and B