A&P II - Exam 2 (CH 18-20)
The inferior point of the heart is called the
apex
All of the following occur during exercise except
blood flow to skin decreases
After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.
brachial
The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to
chordae tendineae
The thoracic duct originates from an expanded chamber called the
cisterna chyli
The external iliac artery becomes the ________ artery as it enters the lower limbs.
femoral
An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.
internal cartoid
Which of the following is true regarding the inferior vena cava?
is considered a large vein
Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the
left atrium
Most of the mass of the heart lies to the ________ the midline of the medistinum.
left of
The ________ has a greater workload than the ________.
left ventricle; right ventricle
Which of the following does not directly affect blood flow through the body?
percent oxygenation of plasma
Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the
pulmonary valve
Rupture of the papillary muscles in the left ventricle may result in any of the following except
pulmonary valve stenosis
If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg.
100
Compute Joe's stroke volume if his end-systolic volume (ESV) is 40 mL and his end-diastolic volume (EDV) is 125 mL. (Module 18.16B)
85 ml
The cells directly responsible for cell-mediated immunity are the ________ cells.
T
The contraction phase of the upper chambers of the heart is called
atriole systole
________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed.
autoregulation
Most of the myocardial layer in the heart wall is composed of
cardiac muscle cells
The blood vessel that supplies blood to the liver, stomach, and spleen is the
celiac trunk
Capillaries that have a complete lining are called
continuous capillaries
Blood moves forward through veins because of all of the following except
contraction of smooth muscle in the wall of the veins
The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries.
coronary
stroke volume depends on all of the following except:
end-systolic volume
The pulmonary veins carry blood to the
heart
Which of the following would decrease heart rate?
increased parasympathetic stimulation of nodal fibers
In cardiac muscle, the depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of ________ membrane permeability to ________ ions.
increased; sodium
Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by the
precapillary sphincters
As blood travels from arteries to veins,
pressure drops
The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is called the ________ pressure.
pulse pressure
Lymphocytes
respond to antigens
The ________ collects blood from the entire small intestine and two-thirds of the large intestine.
superior mesenteric vein
The fusion of the brachiocephalic veins forms the
superior vena cava
Which of the following statements is false concerning the movement of fluid between capillaries and interstitial space?
the overall net filtration is usually zero
Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of the
thoracic duct
________ are large lymphoid nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx.
tonsils
Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve.
tricuspid
Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel lined with endothelium?
tunica intima
The muscular layer of a blood vessel is the
tunica media
The ________ vein is a deep vein that ascends along the medial side of the forearm.
ulnar
Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the heart back to the heart in the cardiovascular circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries
4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6 elastic arteries muscular arteries arterioles capillaries venules medium veins large veins
During ventricular systole, the
AV valves are closed
The first heart sound is heard when the
AV valves close
The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from
depolarization of the atria
The left ventricle pumps blood to the
aorta
The cells responsible for antibody-mediated immunity are the ________ cells.
B
Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.
QRS Wave
In which of the following would the blood flow be highest?
a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long
All of the following are true of the thymus gland except that it
activates B cells
