A&P II - Exam 2 (CH 18-20)

The inferior point of the heart is called the

apex

All of the following occur during exercise except

blood flow to skin decreases

After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery.

brachial

The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to

chordae tendineae

The thoracic duct originates from an expanded chamber called the

cisterna chyli

The external iliac artery becomes the ________ artery as it enters the lower limbs.

femoral

An important artery that supplies blood to the brain is the ________ artery.

internal cartoid

Which of the following is true regarding the inferior vena cava?

is considered a large vein

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the

left atrium

Most of the mass of the heart lies to the ________ the midline of the medistinum.

left of

The ________ has a greater workload than the ________.

left ventricle; right ventricle

Which of the following does not directly affect blood flow through the body?

percent oxygenation of plasma

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the

pulmonary valve

Rupture of the papillary muscles in the left ventricle may result in any of the following except

pulmonary valve stenosis

If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg.

100

Compute Joe's stroke volume if his end-systolic volume (ESV) is 40 mL and his end-diastolic volume (EDV) is 125 mL. (Module 18.16B)

85 ml

The cells directly responsible for cell-mediated immunity are the ________ cells.

T

The contraction phase of the upper chambers of the heart is called

atriole systole

________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed.

autoregulation

Most of the myocardial layer in the heart wall is composed of

cardiac muscle cells

The blood vessel that supplies blood to the liver, stomach, and spleen is the

celiac trunk

Capillaries that have a complete lining are called

continuous capillaries

Blood moves forward through veins because of all of the following except

contraction of smooth muscle in the wall of the veins

The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries.

coronary

stroke volume depends on all of the following except:

end-systolic volume

The pulmonary veins carry blood to the

heart

Which of the following would decrease heart rate?

increased parasympathetic stimulation of nodal fibers

In cardiac muscle, the depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of ________ membrane permeability to ________ ions.

increased; sodium

Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by the

precapillary sphincters

As blood travels from arteries to veins,

pressure drops

The difference between the systolic and diastolic pressures is called the ________ pressure.

pulse pressure

Lymphocytes

respond to antigens

The ________ collects blood from the entire small intestine and two-thirds of the large intestine.

superior mesenteric vein

The fusion of the brachiocephalic veins forms the

superior vena cava

Which of the following statements is false concerning the movement of fluid between capillaries and interstitial space?

the overall net filtration is usually zero

Most of the lymph returns to the venous circulation by way of the

thoracic duct

________ are large lymphoid nodules that are located in the walls of the pharynx.

tonsils

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve.

tricuspid

Which of the following is the innermost layer of a blood vessel lined with endothelium?

tunica intima

The muscular layer of a blood vessel is the

tunica media

The ________ vein is a deep vein that ascends along the medial side of the forearm.

ulnar

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the heart back to the heart in the cardiovascular circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6 elastic arteries muscular arteries arterioles capillaries venules medium veins large veins

During ventricular systole, the

AV valves are closed

The first heart sound is heard when the

AV valves close

The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from

depolarization of the atria

The left ventricle pumps blood to the

aorta

The cells responsible for antibody-mediated immunity are the ________ cells.

B

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing.

QRS Wave

In which of the following would the blood flow be highest?

a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long

All of the following are true of the thymus gland except that it

activates B cells