A&P- study guide
Epithelial function - simple columnar
absorption, secretion, or ion transport
structural element of connective tissue - in loose CT, the nondividing cells that store nutrients
adipocytes
Connective tissue type - insulates the body
adipose connective tissue
Connective tissue type - stores fat
adipose connective tissue
Connective tissue type - composed of the basement membrane; surrounds and cushions blood vessels and nerves; its gel-like matrix contains all categories of fiber and many cell types
areolar connective tissue
Exocrine glands classified as compound tubular glands with _____ ducts and with secretory cells located in _____ secretory units.
branching, tubular
muscle tissue type - contains cylindrical cells with branching ends
cardiac
muscle tissue type - banded appearance
cardiac, and skeletal
muscle tissue type - involuntarily controlled
cardiac, and smooth
structural element of connective tissue - living elements that maintain the firm, flexible matrix in the cartilage, occupies lacunae
chondrocytes
structural element of connective tissue - tough protein fibers that resist stretching or longitudinal tearing
collagen fibers
Gland structure/class - branched ducts
compound gland
Tissue - characterized by having large amounts of extracellular material
connective
Tissue - supports and reinforces body organs
connective
Tissue - surrounds and cushions body organs
connective
membranes - epithelial stratified squamous, underlain by dense fibrous connective tissue, protects from external elements and water loss, covers body
cutaneous membrane
Connective tissue type - parallel bundles of collagenic fibers provide strength; found in tendons
dense regular connective
Connective tissue type - the skin dermis
dense regular connective tissue
Multicellular glands are composed of 3 structures: ______, ______ and ______.
duct, secretory unit, supportive connective tissue
Connective tissue type - found in external ear and auditory tube
elastic cartilage
Connective tissue type - forms the stretchy ligaments of the vertebral column
elastic connective tissue
structural element of connective tissue - randomly coiled protein fibers that recoil after being stretched
elastic fibers
Gland type - examples are the thyroid and adrenal glands
endocrine
Gland type - glands secrete regulatory hormones directly into blood or lymph
endocrine
Endocrine and exocrine glands are formed from _______ tissue.
epithelial
Tissue - cells of this tissue ay absorb and/or secrete substances
epithelium
Tissue - forms endocrine and exocrine glands
epithelium
Tissue - forms membranes
epithelium
Gland type - duct from this gland carries secretions to target organ or location
exocrine
Gland type - examples are the liver, which produces bile, and the pancreas which produces digestive enzymes
exocrine
Gland type - the more numerous of the two types of glands
exocrine
cell - an immature fiber-producing cell of connective tissue capable of differentiating into chondroblast, collagenoblast, or osteoblast.
fibroblast
Connective tissue type - contains collagenous fibers; found in intervertebral discs
fibrocartilage
Unicellular exocrine glands called ______ are found in the intestinal mucosae.
goblet cells
structural element of connective tissue - composed of glycoproteins and water-binding glycosaminoglycans
ground substance
structural element of connective tissue - the structural element of areolar tissue that is fluid and provides a reservoir of water and salts for neighboring tissues
ground substance
Connective tissue type - firm, slightly rubbery matrix; milky white and glassy in appearance
hyaline cartilage
Connective tissue type - forms the embryonic skeleton; covers surfaces of bones at joints; reinforces trachea
hyaline cartilage
cell - engulfing bacteria
macrophage
structural element of connective tissue - large, irregularly shaped cells, widely distributed, often found in CT; they engulf cellular debris and foreign matter and are active in immune response
macrophages
cell - a connective tissue cell capable of elaborating basophilic, metachromatic cytoplasmic granules that contain histamine, heparin, hyaluronic acid, slow-reacting substance of anaphylaxis
mast cell
structural element of connective tissue - composed of ground substance and structural protein fibers
matrix
structural element of connective tissue - the medium through which nutrients and other substances diffuse
matrix
structural element of connective tissue - the embryonic tissue that gives rise to all types of CT
mesenchyme
Exocrine glands secrete _______, a water-soluble glycoprotein.
mucous
Connective tissue type - found in umbilical cord
mucous connective tissue
membranes - epithelial sheet w/ underlying connective tissue (lamina propria), protects, lubricates, secretion, absorption, found respiratory, digestive, reproductive
mucous membrane
Tissue - Its cells shorten to exert force
muscle
Tissue - allows for movement of limbs and for organ movements within the body
muscle
Tissue - allows you to smile, grasp, swim, ski....
muscle
Tissue - basis of the major controlling system of the body
nervous
Tissue - forms brain and spinal cord
nervous
Tissue - uses electrochemical signals to carry out its functions
nervous
Connective tissue type - cells are arranged in concentric circles around a nutrient canal; matrix is hard due to calcium salts
osseous tissue
Connective tissue type - hardest tissue of our "skull cap:
osseous tissue
structural element of connective tissue - cellular elements that produce the collagen fibers of bone matrix
osteoblast
structural element of connective tissue - primary bone marrow cell type that remains actively mitotic
osteocyte
cell - a lymphoid or lymphocyte-like cell found in the bone marrow, connective tissue, and sometimes the blood. It contains material arranged in a pattern like the spokes of a wheel or a clock face.
plasma cell
Epithelial function - a ciliated epithelium
propels sheets of mucus
Epithelial function - stratified squamous
protection
Epithelial cell/structure type - lines much of the respiratory tract
pseudo-stratified ciliated columnar
Connective tissue type - makes supporting framework of lymphoid organs
reticular connective tissue
fibers that line outside of capillaries and underside of epithelium
reticular fibers
structural element of connective tissue - fine, branching protein fibers that construct a supportive network
reticular fibers
membranes - epithelial sheet, thin areolar, lines ventral cavities and covers organs, lubrication for friction during movement
serous membrane
Gland structure/class - flask-shaped gland, unbranched ducts
simple alveolar gland
Epithelial cell/structure type - lines the stomach and most of the intestines
simple columnar
Epithelial cell/structure type - endothelium and mesothelium
simple squamous
Gland structure/class - slender, straight gland, unbranched ducts
simple tubular gland
muscle tissue type - voluntarily controlled
skeletal
Epithelial function - endothelium
small molecules pass through rapidly
muscle tissue type - contains spindle-shaped cells
smooth
muscle tissue type - changes in volume of an organ as it contracts
smooth, and cardiac
muscle tissue type - uninucleate
smooth, and cardiac
muscle tissue type - enables you to swallow
smooth, and skeletal
Epithelial cell/structure type - lines the inside of the mouth
stratified squamous
Epithelial function - transitional
stretches
Epithelial cell/structure type - lines the inside of the urinary bladder
transitional
Gland structure/class - combination of gland shapes
tubuloalveolar gland
Connective tissue type - provides the medium for nutrient transport throughout the body
vascular tissue