A&P test 2 study guide chapter 21

What is the difference between elastic arteries and muscular arteries? Elastic arteries are closest to the arterioles and muscular arteries are farther away. Elastic arteries have more smooth muscle than muscular arteries. Muscular arteries have larger lumens than elastic arteries. Elastic arteries have elastic fibers throughout the tunica media whereas muscular arteries have few elastic fibers in the tunica media. Elastic arteries have a larger tunica intima and tunica media compared to muscular arteries.

Elastic arteries have elastic fibers throughout the tunica media whereas muscular arteries have few elastic fibers in the tunica media.

inferior mesenteric

Identify the artery labeled "16." superior mesenteric inferior mesenteric celiac axillary splenic

Which of the following would increase vascular resistance? increased vessel length, increased vessel luminal diameter, turbulence. (Figure 21-7) A) increased vessel luminal diameter and turbulence B) increased vessel luminal diameter C) increased vessel length and turbulence D) increased vessel length, increased luminal diameter, and turbulence E) increased vessel length and increased vessel luminal diameter

Increased vessel length and turbulence

Which of the following layers of a vessel contains collagen fibers with scattered bands of elastic fibers? internal elastic membrane tunica media external elastic membrane tunica externa tunica intima

Tunica externa

Identify the arteries labeled "9."

aorta common carotid brachial axillary brachiocephalic

In what vessel is blood pressure the highest? venule capillary arteriole vein artery

artery

Identify the vein labeled "8."

axillary brachiocephalic external jugular subclavian superior vena cava

Compared to arteries, veins have have thinner walls. are rounder in a sectional cut. hold their shape better when cut. have more smooth muscle in their tunica media

have thinner walls

Identify the vein labeled "6."

internal iliac femoral external iliac common iliac inferior vena cava

For blood flow to be autoregulated, what types of stimuli signal inadequate local blood flow and blood pressure? (Figure 21-12) A) physical stress, chemical changes, and increased tissue activity B) carbon dioxide levels are low and pH is high C)increased baroreceptor stretch and decreased tissue activity D) blood oxygen levels are high E) decreased tissue activity and decreased inflammatory responses

physical stress, chemical changes, and increased tissue activity

Blood flow through a capillary is controlled by the? plexus. vasa vasorum. thoroughfare channel. precapillary sphincter. venule

precapillary sphincter.

As blood travels from arteries to veins pressure drops. pressure builds. flow becomes turbulent. diameter of the blood vessels gets progressively smaller. viscosity increases.

As blood travels from arteries to veins pressure drops.

Which of the following is true of arteries compared to other vessels? Blood pressure and cross-sectional area are lowest. Blood pressure and cross-sectional area are highest. Blood pressure and velocity are highest. Velocity and cross-sectional area are highest. Blood pressure and velocity are lowest.

Blood pressure and velocity are highest.

After entering the arm, the axillary artery becomes the ________ artery. brachial ulnar subclavian radial digital

Brachial

These vessels may be continuous or fenestrated.? capillaries venules arterioles arteries veins

capillaries

Identify the vein labeled "12."

cephalic median cubital brachial basilic radial

Venous valves are responsible for? preventing blood from re-entering a ventricle. preventing anterograde flow. channeling blood away from the heart. channeling blood toward the heart. regulating blood pressure in veins.

channeling blood toward the heart.

The superficial temporal, maxillary, occipital, facial, and lingual arteries are all branches of what carotid artery? (Figure 21-21) A)internal carotid artery B) external carotid artery C)common carotid artery D) transverse carotid artery E) carotid sinus

external carotid artery

What veins are shown draining directly into the superior vena cava? (Figure 21-29). A) phrenic and hepatic veins B)right and left jugular veins C)right and left common iliac, renal, and adrenal veins D) right and left subclavian, and right and left jugular veins E) right and left brachiocephalic, mediastinal, and the azygos veins

right and left brachiocephalic, mediastinal, and the azygos veins

Which type of blood vessel has (a) the largest lumen and (b) the thickest tunica media? (Figure 21-2) A)arteries; veins B)capillaries; arteries C)arteries; capillaries D)veins; capillaries E) Veins; arteries

veins; arteries