Adolescence (Module 15)

Which choice BEST expresses the proportion of parents who say they have had a serious talk with their teens about illegal drugs? A. very few B. A substantial minority C. about half D. most

D. most

In Erikson's stages, the primary task during adolescence is

Forging an identity

How was Kohlberg's theory of moral reasoning been criticized?

His work is less culturally universal that he supposed because his work reflected an individualistic worldview.

Kayla is 13 years old. She is in the midst of puberty. Kayla is in a stage of development called:

adolescence

How is adolescence defined, and how do physical changes affect developing teens?

adolescence is the transition period from childhood to adulthood. Frontal lobes mature and myelin growth increases.

Olivia is 46. She has the intense desire to create a mentoring program at her company. According to Erik Erikson, she is likely experiencing _____.

generativity

Erik Erikson proposed that at the _____ versus _____ stage of life, people discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or else they may feel a lack of purpose.

generativity; stagnation

According to Piaget, a person who can think logically about abstractions is in the _____ stage

formal operations

John is a star basketball player on the high school team. He is very tall. He is also very popular with both boys and girls. John is MOST likely to be:

sexually active

Adolescence is marked by the onset of

puberty

Even though all her friends tried marijuana and cocaine in the 1980s, Monica refused to experiment with drugs because it is against the law. Based on Kohlberg's theory, Monica's reasons for refusing drugs reflect _____ moral reasoning.

Conventional

The process of developing a sense of _____ during adolescence was highlighted by Erik Erikson's psychosocial development theory.

Identity

Donna's parents divorced when she was a little girl. Her mother works two jobs and they eat a lot of fast food. It is likely that Donna will:

Mature at an earlier age

How did Piaget, Kohlberg, and later researchers describe adolescent cognitive and moral development?

Piaget theorized that adolescents develop a capacity for formal operations (moral judgement) Kohlberg proposed a stage theory of moral reasoning, from preconventional morality of self-interest.

Jack registered as a conscientious objector during the Vietnam War. He believed that it is fundamentally wrong to take human life. He was willing to serve time in jail, rather than take part in an armed conflict. Jack's reasons for not going to war reflect Kohlberg's _____ level of moral reasoning.

Postconventional

Anthony has signed up for a horticulture class. When he walks in the classroom on the first day he realizes that everyone else in the class, including the teacher, are women. He is aware of his:

Social Identity

A ban is imposed on outdoor watering during a severe drought. The Robinsons decide not to water their new shrubs because the neighbors would disapprove. Their reasoning places them at which of Kohlberg's levels?

conventional

From the late teens into the mid-twenties, individuals are in a transitional phase that developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.

emerging

Grace is a 19-year-old college sophomore. She is living away from home for the first time and is trying to decide on a major. Grace is in a phase of life many developmental psychologists call _____ adulthood.

emerging

According to Erik Erikson, one positive outcome of the struggle for identity is a comfortable sense of who one is and a developing capacity for:

intimacy with others

With respect to adolescence, biology determines:

its beginning and not at its end

The first menstrual period in girls in the United States occurs usually within a year of age 12, and it is known as:

menarche

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) _____ morality.

preconventional

According to Kohlber, _________ morality focuses on self-interest, __________ morality focuses on self-defined ethical principles, and ___________ morality focuses on upholding laws and social rules.

preconventional, postconventional, conventional

Preconventional moral reasoning is to conventional moral reasoning as _____ is to _____.

self-interest; social relationships