Adolescent Quiz 2

Which of the following is least likely to be affected by genetic factors? self-perception of scholastic competence aggression and antisocial behavior risk for suicide and depression intelligence

self-perception of scholastic competence.

Which of the following statements about the inventionist perspective is true? Adolescence is a separate period that has been largely determined by the broader social environment. Adolescence is driven by the physiological changes of puberty. The cognitive advances of adolescence are what make this period distinct from all others. Adolescence is not a distinct period in the life cycle and should not be regarded as such.

Adolescence is a separate period that has been largely determined by the broader social environment.

What may explain the results from the studies that have relocated adolescents from poor neighborhoods to more advantaged neighborhoods? Adolescents may encounter more discrimination in the new neighborhood. Parents of adolescents in more advantaged neighborhoods may monitor their children more vigilantly. Adolescents who moved to a new neighborhood may end up feeling less disadvantaged. More advantaged neighborhoods allow access to more resources than the poor neighborhoods do.

Adolescents may encounter more discrimination in the new neighborhood.

Joshua's parents set rules for him, but he feels that when a rule seems unfair, he can discuss it with his parents and, even if they don't agree to change the rule, they at least listen to his opinions. Joshua's parents fit best into which of the following parenting styles? authoritative authoritarian indulgent indiffernt

Authoritative

Divergence of views between adolescents and parents that is common in families of immigrant parents and American born adolescents is called generational separation. True or false? True False

False

Which of the following statements is true about Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood? It is seen more commonly among politically conservative youth. Not all people in their mid-20s fit the profile. It is positively associated with economic pressures to support a family. It exists in all cultures.

Not all people in their mid-20s fit the profile.

Which of the following statements concerning sibling relationships is false? The quality of sibling relationships affects adolescents' peer relationships. The quality of sibling relationships affects the adolescents' general adjustment. Positive sibling relationships contribute to an adolescent's school competence and sociability. Siblings are likely to be closer in families under economic stress than in affluent families.

Siblings are likely to be closer in families under economic stress than in affluent families.

What is the most striking aspect of the transition into adulthood for contemporary adolescents? The extended amount of time between pubertal onset and the achievement of adult work and family roles. The discontinuity in the transition into adulthood. The expanded range of opportunities for today's adolescents. Feeling more mature than adolescents, but less mature than adults.

The extended amount of time between pubertal onset and the achievement of adult work and family roles.

Black, Hispanic, and American Indian youth have more trouble negotiating the transition into adulthood than do their counterparts of White and Asian youth. True or false? True False

True

Research has established that circumcision is associated with: negative outcomes for females but not for males. True or false? True False

True

Although young children may seem unaffected by a divorce at the time, problems may emerge when they are adolescents. This delayed effect is called: sluggish adjustment. a deferred effect. a sleeper effect. a generational tendency.

a sleeper effect.

Research on the nature of parent-adolescent relationships reveals that most adolescents: experience considerable storm and stress in relationships with parents. resent their parents and rebel against their restrictions. appear to maintain positive, supportive, and mutually respective relationships with parents. become even closer to parents, and report almost no disruptions in their relationships with them.

appear to maintain positive, supportive, and mutually respective relationships with parents.

Which of the following is not one of the three major factors that influence the transformation in family relationships that takes places during early adolescence? puberty changes in the balance of power gender of the adolescent violations of expectations

changes in the balance of power.

Although conflict between adolescents and parents over mundane matters (e.g., curfews, clothing) is generally _____ frequent in ethnic minority than in White families, the topics of disagreement are _____ across ethnic groups. more; similar more; completely different less; completely different less; similar

less; similar

Ethnic differences in parenting practices suggest that: authoritative parenting is most likely to be used by White and Asian families. ethnic minority families are less likely than White families to use an authoritative parenting style because they are less educated than White parents. even though authoritative parenting is less commonly used by ethnic minority families, its effects on adolescent development are beneficial in all ethnic groups. authoritarian parenting has equally negative effects on adolescent development across all ethnic groups.

even though authoritative parenting is less commonly used by ethnic minority families, its effects on adolescent development are beneficial in all ethnic groups.

The current transition into adult occupations in America is considered a: functional transition. continuous transition. discontinuous transition. consonant transition.

functional transition.

Compared to 100 years ago, the adolescent period has been _____ and the transition into adulthood _____. shortened; abbreviated lengthened; prolonged shortened; more continuous lengthened; abbreviated

lengthened; prolonged

According to Smetana, adolescents often judge keeping one's room clean and style of dress as _____, whereas parents tend to judge these issues as _____. personal; conventional personal; moral conventional; personal moral; personal

personal; conventional

The universal process through which an individual's position or status is changed by society is called: collective efficacy. social redefinition. social specification. self-image stability.

social redefinition

According to the textbook, in non-Western cultures, there is huge discrepancy in the extension of privileges to males and females. In general, girls' behavior is more _____, whereas boys are given more ____. subject to the control of adults; responsibilities subject to the control of adults; freedom and autonomy likely to be regulated by community standards; family-level rules likely to be watched and scrutinized; privacy

subject to the control of adults; freedom and autonomy