africa

Diversity

many different oral traditons.

Monks of Zagwe

men who carved multiple storied churches into solid rock

monk

men who dedicate themselves to worshiping God

natural resources

natural materials that people can use to meet their needs

how have natural resources affected west african. history?

natural resources were very important because they helped people get everything needed and wanted, and they were natural so they never ran out and didn't have to be man-made.

main rivers in africa

nile, congo, niger,senegal, zambezi, & orange

griot

Fessional storytellers or oral historians who are the keepers of west African history

Greco Roman

Greek and roman

Christianity in Axum

Grew after 340

lineage

Group of people descended from a common ancestor

sundiata embraced what and made the empire the center for what groups learning and art and brought back many scholars from his trip to where?.

He embraced Islam and made the empire a center of muslim learning and art.

What 2 things did Sundiata do to make his kingdom prosper and spread?

He gained control of the gold-producing regions, and he embraced Islam.

How did Mansa Moussa is high and caravan show he was a great leader how did monster high a caravan show he was a great leader

He led 12,000 officials and things and more than 80 camels loaded with bags of gold dust traveled with him across the desert

Sundiata called himself Mansa or emperor why do you think you did so

He rebooted the empire and took over territories

Why was sundiata a national hero in Mali

He started a new empire, and took over the former territory of Ghana

families in Africa. Give examples to back up your answer

In Africa ,and especially Ghana, families were very important. Each family made a clan, and an example is the Sisse clan who formed the ruling class. Each family have their own skill that they specialized in. Families are very important to survival.

Metal discoveries in West Africa, helped build the empires there.

In Ghana they learned how to work with metal for tools & weapons. They made these tools in Nok. They used Iron because it was much harder. Iron tools helped farming. There were Iron spears and swords.The more food the more people.

African tales were designed to teach and entertain. What fills that role in our society

In our society churches and school education fill those roles. I think this because we practice and learn our religions at church and at school we learn about different cultures and different religions.

how does labor specialization help a society?

It helps because they can "divide & conquer" jobs, so there is enough resources for everyone

why was salt so valuable in west Africa?

It was one of their main items that were traded

Why do so many people still speak the languages of Mali and Songhai

It was their religions language

Why would it be important for a Griot to have a long and accurate memory?

It would be important because a griots main job is to tell the oral traditions to people but if they can't remember exactly the story could change or even not be passed down.

Sundiata

King that freed the mali kingdom

food supplies grew in early Africa, people were able to do

Labor specialization

important because of Africa's lack of natural harbors?

Labor specialization became more important because so the civilization can have enough of the materials that are traded over seas. and the trans saharan trade route.m

Describe two ways Mali became the center of learning

Mansa Musa brought scholars and artists, and teachers & Timbuktu was the center of learning

Who ruled during Mali's most prosperous times and made the empire larger?

Mansa Musa ruled during the most prosperous time.

How did controlling the gold salt trade make Songhai the largest empire in west Africa

Many countries needed those supplies so they made I saw plus of supplies that were traded in returnx

Emporer

Most power, and the highest social power

What is your favorite African proverb?

My favorite proverb is "No matter how long the night, the day is sure to come"

What things caused the Ghana Empire to decline?

Over populations, food shortages, and over dependence on trade made The Ghana empire to decline.

Rain

Rain is vital to life in africa, the people live were there is most

Stone towns

Settlements that turned into city states

How was timbouctu to a great center of scholarship

Students and teachers from north Africa and the middle east traveled to Timbuctu to study

Sundiata ruled which new kingdom

Sundiata ruled Mali.

What role do oral traditions play in africa?

Teaching and learning about their culture and way of life

What kingdom began to grow after Ghana and took over most of the land of Ghana?

The Mali kingdom.

2 largest rivers in West Africa

The Niger River & The Senegal River

What did Ghana controlling prices of gold do for the empire?

The controlling of prices made the kings extremely wealthy.

Labor specialization

The division of jobs and skills in a society

islamic law

The laws based on the quaran

Ghana had conquests, what job did the new leaders give to the people who were conquered?

The people became slaves, and they were traded for salt, etc.

Islamic scholarship

The scholars learned to read and write.

The sahara

The worlds largest desert, measured 3.5 million square miles

oral traditions say _____________about africa

There is a lot of music and dance passing down the traditions.

Why are stories and tales important?

These are important because some of the morals that the africans go by are contained in these stories. Also these could contain stories of past ancestors.

why were some kings of Ghana so wealthy?

They became rich from the gold & salt trade

why were oral traditions so important?

They can teach and entertain other people from different cultures. They are passed down.

What role do oral traditions play in our culture?

They can tell longer and better stories to the people they are telling it to

What did Ghana's rulers controlled to keep the prices high?

They controlled the gold taken from the land and claiming the gold theirs, and they taxed imports and exports.Removed gold from the markets

why were griots important before writing was adopted in west Africa

They kept and spread the history of Africa

What did Ghana being on the Saharan trade route and many traders passing through there do for the empire?.

They taxed them so the rulers became rich. Allowing trade and cultures to spread.

What did Ghana trade for salt and other goods?

They traded gold and ivory, & slaves.

Arab and Berber traders

They traveled across the sahara and trade gold, salt,horses. cloth, swords , and books.

Ghana was religiously tolerant and welcomed who or what group?.

They welcomed Muslims.

West Africa and North Africa had a very good business relationship. Explain in detail why it was a good relationship.

They welcomed each other's traders. It was a good relationship because they spread Islam to to West Africa. They also spread ideas to each other.

explain how ancient Ghana became powerful and then declined

They welcomed many north african traders, which brought Islams to west africa, but then there were food shortages and an over dependence on trade.

slavery

They were in the lowest level & were enslaved for different reasons

Africa's coastline, with its lack of natural harbors, discouraged

This discouraged seagoing trade.

Gold supply

This was controlled by the kings of ghana, and was taxed imports and exports

Axum

an empire located in northeast africa

economy

based on trade

North African traders brought Islam.

brought Islam to West Africa?

ethiopia

center of christianity

caste

determined that individuals place in the social structure

most used musical instrument in africa

drums

ghana kingdom

existed untill 1235 CE & became rich from the gold and salt trade

scholarship

formal studying and learning

caravan

large group that travels together

trans saharan trade route

large route where are the main trading took place in africa, it was there main source of resources

mali kingdom

lasted from 1230-1600

songhai kingdom

lasted from early 1500s to late 1600s

King sonni ALi

late 1400s

the nile

the longest river in the world reaching to 4132 miles long

Meditteranean zone

the northern tip of afica

describe how the Sahara and region south of the Sahara differ from each other

the region south produced ivory & gold, and the other relied on gold & salt

the swalhi culture was like many of the east african cultures

they adopted islam and they traded

kush and axum were alike because...

they both traded on the red sea

africans are very good at this...

trading resources

polyrhythmic drumming

two or more different rhythms at the same time

oral tradition

when they used oral history poetry folktales and saying both to teach and entertain

savanna

A broad grassland with scattered trees

kindship

A connection based on family relationships

Stele

A grand stone pillar

Plateau

A raised but flat region

proverbs

Wise sayings

port cities

a city that has a port for their main trade

trans Saharan

a major trade route across the Sahara

the civilizations of africa started by these

places with water, clay, lots of food, easy transportation, and fertile soil.

dynasty

ruling family

Ethnic group

social unit with distinct culture language and identity