Africa Unit Global Studies
What is the capital of South Africa
Johannesburg
Sharpeville Massacre
Kill 3000 people during pass law protest in 1960 Fuels Protest Government declares state of emergency arresting over 18000 people
Main choice of weapon during Rwandan Genocide?
Machete
Capital of Somalia
Mogadishu
Pass Laws:
Passbook: had to be carried by all non-whites. Gave permission to be in a white area. If you did not have it you could be arrested
Main character from Hotel Rwanda (Runs hotel)
Paul Rusesabagina
Social Darwinism
Philosophy popular in the 19th and 20th century Applied idea of "survival of the fittest" to society, politics, and economics Used to "prove" that the white man was naturally superior to others and destined to rule over them
ABCs for Baby Patriots
Propaganda for British children supporting white superiority and that England was always correct
Where was Nelson Mandela imprisoned?
Robben Island
Who originated the term, White man's burden
Rudyard Kipling
what sport was used to unite South Africa
Rugby
What was the time period of European Colonization in inner Africa Called?
Scramble for Africa
Reasons for end of apartheid
1. Pressure in US, Europe, led to nations and UN imposing different types of sanctions 2. US passes the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act in 1986 Many multinational companies withdraw from the country Increases economic difficulties in South Africa 3. End of the Cold War removed the fear of communism taking over
Apartheid- what year did it start
1948
What year did Sudan gain its independence
1956
Soweto Student Uprising
1976: students in the all black town of Soweto march in protest of AFRIKAANS. The language spoken by white south Africans They did not agree to the new rule of having to learn and speak Afrikaans in school. 170-700 killed government said many less were killed Turning point in movement
End of Apartheid
1990: De Klerk legalizes the ANC. 1990: Mandela is also released that year to bridge the divide. Over the next 18 months: all apartheid laws are repealed. End of the Cold War brings more worldwide support to end Apartheid
What year did Apartheid end
1994
what year was Nelson Mandela president?
1994
Aftermath of apartheid
1996: a new constitution is written officially giving everyone equal rights 1999: Mandela's term ends & does not seek re-election. Mandela dies in 2013 Problems facing South Africa today: Rebuilding the culture despite differences (11 different official language) HIV/AIDS (20% prevalence) Political corruption within ANC Very high unemployment (28%) and poverty (55.5%) rates
What year did South Sudan gain its independence
2011
Nelson Mandela served how many years in prison
27
Nelson Mandela was president for how many years
5 years (1 term)
Donald Woods
A British South African journalist and anti-apartheid activist. He worked with Steve Biko.
Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade
AKA middle
white south africans are called
Africaners
What are the three groups of people in South Africa?
Afrikaners, Black Africans, English
Steve Biko
Anti Apartheid Writer Founded the Black Consciousness Movement was banned from the following: Cannot publish documents, Cannot have more than one other person in a room. Cannot speak in public Cannot leave banning area was killed by the police
Bantustans
Bantustans were supposed to be semi-independent lands for the different black people groups (Xhosa, Zulu, Bantu, etc.)
what is the Berlin Conference
Berlin Conference (1884-1885) Major European powers got together to split up Africa Wanted trade routes/resources New Borders, nations, and governments Completely colonized Africa in 25 years!
Sudan's Biggest Oil Trading Partner
China
EFFECTS OF SLAVERY IN AFRICA
Disrupted Societies Encouraged War and increased tension for neighboring peoples. Economies crumbled as healthy men and women were taken away. Starvation; no one to plant, do the labor
Motives for Imperialism
Economic, Nationalism, Geopolitical, Exploration, & Ideology of Empire
The Darfur conflict started because Darfur wanted
Equal profits for oil
what is Black Hawk Down
Failed Military operation
The UN was not allowed to do what in Rwanda?
Fight the Interahamwe
Major imperial powers
France, Great Britain, Belgium, Portugal, Italy, Germany, Spain
Apartheid Laws: Group Areas Act
Had to live with people of their race
Apartheid Laws: Population Registration Act
Have to classify as a race based off of appearance and perception
Who was the majority Hutus or Tutsis
Hutus
F.W. De Klerk
The last president of South Africa under the apartheid system Was first in supported of apartheid but then started to support the anti apartheid movement to build new race mix government
Townships
Townships" were set up for non-whites on the outskirts of those cities. All blacks living in townships had to carry passbooks.
Who ruled Rwanda when Belgium was in charge?
Tutsi
who was the target of the Rwandan genocide
Tutsis
what does white man's burden state?
morale duty of white people to help the native people of lands "do things the right way", which really means push them towards European ways
Slavery Existed before 1460?
yes
African national Congress
A major anti-apartheid political group was the AFRICAN NATIONAL CONGRESS (ANC). NELSON MANDELA was a leader.
The Interahamwe are?
A militant group that was responsible for many of the lives lost