Age of Exploration
caravel
Advancements in shipbuilding led to the creation of the ______________ that allowed sailors to travel faster, against the wind, and steer easier.
French & Indian War
Also known as the Seven Years' War, this New World conflict marked another chapter in the long imperial struggle between Britain and France.
Ferdinand Magellan
Attempted to be the first person to circumnavigate the world "sail around the world" but was killed by natives in the Philippines. Some of his crew did finish the voyage. He also gave the Pacific Ocean its name.
James Cook
Circumnavigated the islands of New Zealand and discovers east coast of Australia; first to cross the Antarctic Circle; discovered Christmas Island and Hawaii; explored coast of Alaska
Roanoke Island
Colony settled by Sir Walter Raleigh in hopes that it would have become the first permanent British settlement in the New World, but it mysteriously disappeared.
Italy
Columbus & Cabot were from what country?
Sir Francis Drake
Completed 2nd circumnavigation of the world; claimed California for England
Henry the Navigator
Created a school of navigation that taught many sailors how to use instruments and boats.
Vasco Nunez Balboa
Crossed the Isthmus of Panama and discover the Pacific Ocean; named the ocean "Mar del Sur" meaning sea of the south
Pedro Alveres Cabral
Discovered Brazil and was the 1st to touch 4 continents (Europe, Africa, America, and Asia)
John Cabot
Discovered Canada for the British Empire.
Amerigo Vespucci
Discovered that what Columbus found was not India but an entirely different continent; it was then named after him.
Francisco Vasquez de Coronado
Discovered the Grand Canyon and traveled to modern-day Kansas from Mexico; was searching for a golden city but he did not find it
cartography
During the age of exploration _________________ advanced and maps became more accurate and included latitude and longitude lines.
Samuel de Champlain
Established fur-trade city of Quebec, Canada
Sir Walter Raleigh
Established the colony of Roanoke Island in present day North Carolina
Jacques Cartier
Explored the Saint Lawrence River and gave Canada its name
Giovanni da Verrazzano
Explored the eastern coast of what is currently the United States; killed by cannibals in the West Indies
Hernando de Soto
Explored the southern part of North America; crossed the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River
Hernan Cortes
Great Spanish explorer but often known as ended the Aztec empire.
England
Henry Hudson was from what country?
France
Jacques Cartier was from what country?
Portugal
Magellan & Vasco da Gama were from what country?
Spain
Ponce de Leon & Ferdinand Pizarro were from what country?
Bartolomeu Dias
Rounded the tip of Africa "Cape of Good Hope" and was the 1st European to reach the Indian Ocean
Francisco Pizarro
Spanish explorer responsible for dooming a major South American Empire----the Incas
Ponce de Leon
Stumbled upon the peninsula of Florida in my pursuit of the "fountain of youth."
astrolabe
The ____________ allowed explores to measure the angle between a fix point in the sky and the horizon to determine where they were located.
Treaty of Tordesillas
The agreement between Spain and Portugal aimed at settling conflicts over lands newly discovered or explored by Christopher Columbus and other late 15th-century voyagers.
Vasco da Gama
The first explorer to reach India by sailing around Africa.
compass
The invention of the magnetic ______________ allowed explorers to tell direction without relying on the stars, moon, or sun.
Columbian Exchange
The trade across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe, Africa, and the Americas is called the
Christopher Columbus
Thought he had landed in India "calling the natives Indians" but had actually landed in the Caribbean Islands.
Henry Hudson
Tried to find a "Northwest Passage" to India; explored areas in current day New York and had a river and bay named after him
Portugal
What country was Bartolomeu Dias exploring for?
Spain
What country was Francisco Vasquez de Coronado exploring for?
Italy
What country was Giovanni da Verrazzano exploring for?
Spain
What country was Hernando de Soto exploring for?
England
What country was James Cook exploring for?
Portugal
What country was Pedro Alvares Cabral exploring for?
France
What country was Samuel de Champlain exploring for?
England
What country was Sir Francis Drake exploring for?
England
What country was Sir Walter Raleigh exploring for?
Spain
What country was Vasco Nunez Balboa exploring for?
gold (money), God (religion) , & Glory (power/land)
What motivated explorers to look for new lands?
Christianity
What religion did Europeans want to spread to other places?
disease, slaves, livestock, gains, coffee beans, bananas, sugar cane, other fruits, onions, olives
What things were brought to the Americas by Europeans and Africans through the Columbian Exchange?
turkey, squash, pumpkins, sweet potatoes, peppers, tobacco, pineapples, cocoa, beans, vanilla, peanuts, potatoes, tomatoes, corn
What things were sent to Europe and Africa through from America through the Columbian Exchange?
the British received the territories of Canada from France and Florida from Spain, opening the Mississippi Valley to westward expansion
What was the outcome of the French & Indian War?
European disease wiped out native populations, the Atlantic slave trade increased due to an increase in demand for crops
What were some negative effects of the Columbian Exchange?
increased/improved the economy, cultural diffusion and the exchange of ideas, migration to other lands
What were some positive effects of the Columbian Exchange?
1) Spain was given exclusive rights to all newly discovered and undiscovered lands in the region west of the line. 2) Portuguese expeditions were to keep to the east of the line. 3) Neither power was to occupy any territory already in the hands of a Christian ruler.
What were the terms of the Treaty of Tordesillas?
looking for work, kicked out of country, current country would not fund them, other countries would pay them more or fund their voyages
Why did explorers work for kings and queens of other countries than where they were from?
the French convinced the native Indian tribes to become their allies and fight against the British
Why was the Seven Year War called the French & Indian War?