AH 1

D. Ulcerative colitis

A client presents to the emergency department with complaints of acute GI distress, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fever. Which condition in the family history is most pertinent to the client's current health problem? A. Appendicitis B. Hypertension C. Gastroesophageal reflux disease D. Ulcerative colitis

C. Use semi-Fowler position during, and 60 minutes after, an intermittent feeding.

A client receives tube feedings after an oral surgery. The nurse manages tube feedings to minimize the risk of aspiration. Which measure should the nurse include in the care plan to reduce the risk of aspiration? A. Change the tube feeding container ,tubing, and adjust patient head of bed . B. Avoid cessation of feedings and adjust patient head of bed. C. Use semi-Fowler position during, and 60 minutes after, an intermittent feeding. D. Administer 15 to 30 mL of water before and after medications and feedings.

B. "Have you been eating beets?"

A client reports having red stools lately. What will the nurse ask during assessment questioning? A. "Have you been taking an iron supplement?" B. "Have you been eating beets?" C. "Have you been drinking grape juice?" D. "Have you been eating spinach?"

D. Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea.

A client taking metronidazole for the treatment of H. pylori states that the medication is causing nausea. What teaching should the nurse provide to the client to alleviate nausea? A. Discontinue the use of the medication. B. Ask the healthcare provider to prescribe another type of antibiotic. C. Crush the medication and put it in applesauce. D. Take the medication with meals to decrease the nausea.

B. "Avoid aspirin and products that contain aspirin."

A client with a peptic ulcer is about to begin a therapeutic regimen that includes a bland diet, antacids, and famotidine. Before the client is discharged, the nurse should provide which instruction? A. "Stop taking the drugs when your symptoms subside." B. "Avoid aspirin and products that contain aspirin." C. "Increase your intake of fluids containing caffeine." D. "Eat three balanced meals every day."

C. Lying on the left side with knees bent

A client with a recent history of rectal bleeding is being prepared for a colonoscopy. Initially, how should the nurse position the client for this test? A. Lying on the right side with legs straight B. Prone with the torso elevated C. Lying on the left side with knees bent D. Bent over with hands touching the floor

B. peptic ulcer disease

A nurse is caring for a client who is undergoing a diagnostic workup for a suspected gastrointestinal problem. The client reports gnawing epigastric pain following meals and heartburn. What would the nurse suspect this client has? A. appendicitis B. peptic ulcer disease C. diverticulitis D. ulcerative colitis

A. The distance measured from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and from the earlobe to the xiphoid process

A nurse is caring for a client who needs a nasogastric (NG) tube for a tube feeding. What is the safe method for the nurse to use to measure the appropriate length of the NG tube? A. The distance measured from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and from the earlobe to the xiphoid process B. The distance measured from the tragus of the ear to the xiphoid process C. The distance measured from the nose to the xiphoid process D. A length of 50 cm (20 in)

B. alcohol abuse and smoking.

A nurse is teaching a group of middle-aged men about peptic ulcers. When discussing risk factors for peptic ulcers, the nurse should mention: A. a sedentary lifestyle and smoking. B. alcohol abuse and smoking. C. a history of hemorrhoids and smoking. D. alcohol abuse and a history of acute renal failure.

B. "It can be caused by ingestion of strong acids." C. "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin." E. "You may have ingested some irritating foods."

A patient has been diagnosed with acute gastritis and asks the nurse what could have caused it. What is the best response by the nurse? (Select all that apply.) A. "It is a hereditary disease." B. "It can be caused by the ingestion of strong acids." C. "Is it possible that you are overusing aspirin." D. "It is probably your nerves." E. "You may have ingested some irritating foods."

D. shift.

The client is on a continuous tube feeding. The nurse determines the tube placement should be checked every A. 24 hours. B. 12 hours. C. hour. D. shift.

C. Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures.

The nurse teaches a client scheduled for a colonoscopy. Which instruction should be included as part of the preparation for the procedure? A. Do not void for at least 30 minutes before the test. B. Consume at least 3 quarts of water 30 minutes before the test. C. Follow the dietary and fluid restrictions and bowel preparation procedures. D. Spray or gargle with a local anesthetic.

A. Increase dietary fiber.

A client is complaining of problems with constipation. What dietary suggestion can the nurse inform the client may help facilitate the passage of stool? A. Increase dietary fiber. B. Increase dietary protein such as lean meats. C. Increase the carbohydrate content of the diet. D. Increase dietary fat consumption.

C. Perforation of the peptic ulcer

A client is in the hospital for the treatment of peptic ulcer disease. The client reports vomiting and a sudden severe pain in the abdomen. The nurse then assesses a board-like abdomen. What does the nurse suspect these symptoms indicate? A. A reaction to the medication given for the ulcer B. Gastric penetration C. Perforation of the peptic ulcer D. Ineffective treatment for the peptic ulcer

B. The client's natural bowel function may become sluggish.

A client realizes that regular use of laxatives has greatly improved bowel patterns. However, the nurse cautions this client against the prolonged use of laxatives for which reason? A. The client may develop arthritis or arthralgia. B. The client's natural bowel function may become sluggish. C. The client may develop inflammatory bowel disease. D. The client may lose his or her appetite.

B. Characteristics and duration of pain

A client comes into the emergency department with reports of abdominal pain. What should the nurse ask first? A. Concerns about impending hospital stay B. Characteristics and duration of pain C. Family history of ruptured appendix D. Medications taken in the last 8 hours

C. Sudden, severe upper abdominal pain

A client is admitted with a gastrointestinal bleed. What client symptom may indicate a peptic ulcer perforation to the nurse? A. Bradycardia B. Hypertension C. Sudden, severe upper abdominal pain D. Soft abdomen

C. The client should not be given any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns.

A client receives a local anesthetic to suppress the gag reflex for a diagnostic procedure of the upper GI tract. Which nursing intervention is advised for this patient? A. The client should be monitored for any breathing-related disorder or discomfort. B. The client's fluid output should be measured for at least 24 hours after the procedure. C. The client should not be given any food and fluids until the gag reflex returns. D. The client should be monitored for cramping or abdominal distention.

C. Vitamin B12

A client was diagnosed with pernicious anemia. Which vitamin cannot be absorbed without an intrinsic factor? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin D C. Vitamin B12 D. Vitamin A

C. Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa

Crohn's disease is a condition of malabsorption caused by which pathophysiological process? A. Infectious disease B. Disaccharidase deficiency C. Inflammation of all layers of intestinal mucosa D. Gastric resection

D. Potassium of 2.8 mEq/L

It is important for the nurse to monitor serum electrolytes in a patient with acute diarrhea. Select the electrolyte result that should be immediately reported. A. Sodium of 136 mEq/L B. Calcium of 9 mg/dL C. Chloride of 100 mEq/L D. Potassium of 2.8 mEq/L

C. O

Peptic ulcer disease occurs more frequently in people with which blood type? A. A B. AB C. O D. B

A. the increased potential for aspiration.

The most significant complication related to continuous tube feedings is A. the increased potential for aspiration. B. the interruption of GI integrity. C. an interruption in fat metabolism and lipoprotein synthesis. D. a disturbance of intestinal and hepatic metabolism.

B. hypoactive

The nurse assesses bowel sounds and hears one to two bowel sounds in 2 minutes. How should the nurse document the bowel sounds? A. hyperactive B. hypoactive C. absent D. normal

A. Notify the health care provider.

The nurse is admitting a client with a diagnosis of diverticulitis and assesses that the client has a board-like abdomen, no bowel sounds, and reports of severe abdominal pain. What is the nurse's first action? A. Notify the health care provider. B. Administer an opioid analgesic. C. Administer a retention enema. D. Start an IV with lactated Ringer's solution.

C. Bright red blood in stool

The nurse is assessing a client with a bleeding gastric ulcer. When examining the client's stool, which characteristic would the nurse be most likely to find? A. Clay-like quality B. Black and tarry appearance C. Bright red blood in stool D. Green color and texture

D. Tarry and black

The nurse is collecting a stool specimen from a patient. What characteristic of the stool indicates to the nurse that the patient may have an upper GI bleed? A. Greasy and foamy B. Clay-colored C. Threaded with mucus D. Tarry and black

D. Peptic ulcers

The nurse is conducting a community education class on gastritis. The nurse includes that chronic gastritis caused by Helicobacter pylori is implicated in which disease/condition? A. Systemic infection B. Colostomy C. Pernicious anemia D. Peptic ulcers

D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)

The nurse is working in a diagnostic testing unit focusing on gastrointestinal studies. For which testing procedure is the nurse correct to assess the gag reflex before offering fluids? A. Peritoneoscopy B. Sigmoidoscopy C. Colonoscopy D. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy

c. inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation

What is the recommended order for performing an abdominal examination? A. inspection, percussion, auscultation, palpation B. inspection, percussion, palpation, auscultation C. inspection, auscultation, percussion, palpation D. inspection, palpation, auscultation, percussion

C. Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs.

When caring for a client with an acute exacerbation of a peptic ulcer, the nurse finds the client doubled up in bed with severe pain in the right shoulder. What is the initial appropriate action by the nurse? A. Place the client in the high-Fowler's position. B. Irrigate the client's NG tube. C. Assess the client's abdomen and vital signs. D. Notify the health care provider.

B. Omeprazole

Which of the following medications is classified as a proton pump inhibitor (PPI)? A. Cimetidine B. Omeprazole C. Nizatidine D. Famotidine

A. The client reports engaging in a regular exercise regimen.

Which outcome indicates effective client teaching to prevent constipation? A. The client reports engaging in a regular exercise regimen. B. The client verbalizes consumption of low-fiber foods. C. The client maintains a sedentary lifestyle. D. The client limits water intake to three glasses per day.