AH8 Quiz 11 (8.1, 8.2, 8.3)

What percent of the popular vote did Martin Van Buren get?

10%

In 1819, how many northern free states were there?

11

In 1819, how many southern slave states were there?

11

How many Free-soil candidates won seats in Congress?

13

In 1849 how many free and slave states were there?

15 each

When did Missouri apply to join the union?

1819

When did anti-slavery members of both parties meet in Buffalo, New York?

1848

what election was the first where slavery was an important issue?

1848

Where/when was the free-soil party formed?

1848 in Buffalo, New York

How old was Clay in 1849?

73, frail, and ill

What did the congressman David Wilmot of Pennsylvania call for?

A law to ban slavery in any territories won from Mexico

What is sectionalism?

A rivalry or tension that develops between people who are loyal to their section, or region, of the country

Why did a crisis erupt when Missouri tried to enter the union?

At the time, there was an equal amount of slave and free states. Missouri's admission would give the south a majority in the Senate. Determined not to lose power, Northerners opposed letting Missouri enter as a slave state.

Why did northern congressman argue that California should enter the union as a free state?

Because most of the territory lay north of the Missouri compromise line

Why did Daniel Webster, an avowed opponent of slavery, agree to support returning to their owners African-Americans who had escaped slavery?

Daniel Webster agreed to support returning to their owners African-Americans who had escaped slavery because he thought the break up of the United States to be worse. To save the union, Daniel Webster was willing to compromise.

Neither Stephen Douglas nor Abraham Lincoln approved of slavery, so what disagreement did they have?

Douglas and Lincoln disagreed on popular sovereignty. Lincoln thought it would lead to slavery throughout the country while Douglas liked using popular sovereignty to settle the slavery question.

What did southern slave holders think?

Slavery should be allowed in any territory. They also demanded that enslaved African Americans who escaped to the north be returned to them. even white southerners who did not enslave African Americans generally agreed with these ideas.

What did abolitionists think?

Slavery was morally wrong and they wanted it banned throughout the country

What was the political significance of Uncle Tom's Cabin?

Southerners saw Uncle Tom's Cabin as a falsehood. Northerners, however, thought they could no longer push slavery aside after reading Uncle Tom's Cabin.

Why were Southerners outraged at the northern response to John Brown's execution?

Southerners were outraged because people were singing the praises of a man who had tried to lead a slave revolt. Many Southerners were convinced that the north wanted to destroy slavery - in the south along with it.

What did many northerners fear?

That the southerners would extend slavery into the west

What was significant about the Free-Soil Party and the fact that slavery was a political issue for the first time?

The Free-Soil Party was significant because its main goal was to keep slavery out of the west. It was also founded by members of the Whig and Democratic parties.

How did the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 increase tensions between Northerners and Southerners?

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 increased tensions between Northerners and Southerners because some Northerners rebelled and passed laws giving legal assistance to slaves. This made the Southerners angry because these laws interfered with the Fugitive Slave Act.

Why did the Missouri compromise fail to solve the issue of slavery?

The Missouri compromise failed to solve the issue of slavery because it did not answer the question of what should happen when new territories are added to America. Northerners thought slavery should be banned in territories gained from Mexico, and Southerners thought Congress didn't have the right to ban slavery in the west. Some moderates thought the Missouri compromise line should be extended to the Pacific Ocean.

What did advantages in leadership did the south have over the north?

The South had an advantage in leadership over the north because their leaders had experience. President Davis, the confederate president, had served in the Mexican American war as an officer and attended the United States military academy at West Point. Also, many of the pre-war US Army's best officers served the Confederates.

Compare and contrast: the views of Southerners and President Lincoln on the issues of state sovereignty and the right to secede from the union?

The Southerners viewed the right to secede from the union as constitutional, and thought state sovereignty was good. Lincoln disagreed on both fronts. Lincoln thought the constitution did not give states sovereignty that would allow them to secede.

What was Van Buren's stance on slavery?

He called for a ban on slavery in the Mexican cession-the land ceded by Mexico after the 1848 war

What was Taylor's stance on slavery?

He did not speak on the issue, but he was a slave owner from Louisiana, so many southern voters assumed that he supported slavery

What was Cass's stance on slavery?

He supported popular sovereignty

Who came up with the Missouri compromise?

Henry Clay

Summarize Lincoln's dilemma of southern states taking control of federal property.

If he let the Confederates take over federal property, he would seem to be admitting that states have the right to secede. Yet if he sent troops to hold the fort, he might start a Civil War and lose the support of the eight slave states that hadn't yet seceded.

What does secede mean?

Remove themselves

Who read John C Calhoun's speech against compromise over the extension of slavery to the west? Why?

Senator James Mason of Virginia because Calhoun was dying of tuberculosis and could not speak loudly enough to address the senate. Instead, he stared defiantly at his northern foes while his speech was read.

Who had worked with Clay to pass the compromise tariff of 1833, but now opposed compromise over the extension of slavery to the west?

Senator John C. Calhoun of South Carolina. He drafted a speech expressing his opposition.

Did Missouri enter the union as a free or slave state?

Slave

What was the result of the era of sectionalism that lasted from the 1810s to the 1860s?

Many political conflicts over issues important to each region

What were the terms of the Missouri Compromise?

Missouri and Maine were admitted at the same time. Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state. This would keep the number of free and slave states equal. Under the provisions of the Missouri compromise, congress drew an imaginary line extending the southern border of Missouri at latitude 36° 30' N. Slavery was permitted in the part of the Louisiana purchase south of that line. It was banned north of the line. The only exception was Missouri itself.

Why did Missouri's application to join the union as a slave state spark a crisis?

Missouri's applications to join the union as a slave state sparked a crisis because its admission would give the south the majority in the Senate. The northerners were determined not to lose power, so they opposed letting Missouri enter as a slave state.

Did the senate pass the wilmot proviso?

No, they defeated it

Why did Northerners consider the Kansas-Nebraska Act a betrayal?

Northerners considered the Kansas-Nebraska act a betrayal because it would repeal the Missouri compromise. The Northerners insisted the Missouri compromise had already banned slavery in Kansas and Nebraska.

Why was the republican party established in 1854?

The republican party was formed in 1854 to keep slavery from spreading to the western territories. They formed a new party because neither Whigs nor Democrats took a strong stance against slavery.

What is popular sovereignty?

The right of people to create their government

How did the split in the Democratic Party in 1860 election reflect the split in the country?

The split in the Democratic Party in the 1860 election reflected the split in the country between the north and the south. The Southerners wanted the party to call for slavery in all new territories, but Northern Democrats refused.

What does the violence in the Senate tell you about the mood of the country in the late 1850s?

The violence in the Senate tells you the mood of the country in the late 1850s was tense. The Northerners and Southerners were such a polar opposites, it led to an uncomfortable, tense mood in the country.

Summarize the principal disadvantages the north faced in fighting the Civil War.

The war was unpopular among Northerners, and extremely high war casualties continued to make it unpopular. Also, northern soldiers would have to conquer a huge, unfamiliar area to win.

Why were both the north and south trying to attract slave states outside the confederacy to join their cause?

These states had more than half of the south's population and food crops, and many of the south's factories. They would be important assets to whichever side they chose.

What was the southern stance on the wilmot proviso?

They angrily opposed it. They said congress had no right to ban slavery in the west.

What did some moderates who didn't want to extend the Missouri compromise line think?

They felt slavery should be allowed where it existed, but it should not be expanded to new territories

What does resolve mean?

To find an answer or solution to something

What was the free-soil party's main goal?

To keep slavery out of the western territories. Only a few free-soilers were abolitionists who wanted to end slavery in the south.

What happens under popular sovereignty?

Voters in a territory would decide for themselves whether or not to allow slavery

When was the balance of power in the Senate once again threatened?

When California requested admission to the union as a free state in 1850

Did the house pass the wilmot proviso?

Yes, in 1846

Who won the 1848 election?

Zachary Taylor

Who was the Whig candidate in the election of 1848?

Zachary Taylor, a hero of the 1848 Mexican-American War

When did Maine apply for statehood?

During the debate about Missouri's admittance to the union

In 1848, why did leaders of both the Democratic and Whig parties refuse to take a stand against slavery?

Fear of losing southern votes. Some also feared that the slavery issue would split the nation.

When did both slave and free states enter the union peacefully?

For a time after the Missouri compromise

How had Henry Clay won the nickname "the great compromiser"?

For working out the Missouri compromise and the compromise tariff of 1833, which resolved the nullification crisis

Who was the Free-Soil candidate in the election of 1848?

Former President Martin Van Buren

Why did many Southerners fear that the south will be hopelessly outvoted in the Senate in 1850?

It's been in California as a free state would upset the balance. Moreover, it seemed possible that Oregon, Utah, and New Mexico might also join the union as free states.

Who was the Democratic candidate in the election of 1848?

Lewis Cass of Michigan

Where was David Wilmot from?

Pennsylvania

What happened as the debate over slavery heated up?

People took sides

How did events in Kansas foreshadow the looming Civil War?

The events in Kansas foreshadowed the looming Civil War because of the violent fights between abolitionists and people who are pro-slavery. Also, abolitionists elected their own governor and Legislature, creating two governments in Kansas.

What showed that slavery had become a national issue?

The free-soil party's success

Summarize the issue that was brought to the Supreme Court in Dred Scott versus Sandford?

The issue was that Dred Scott's owner had died, and they had previously lived in the free Wisconsin territory. So, the issue was if Dred Scott was a free man or not.

What did Clay warn would happen if the north and south failed to reach an agreement?

The nation could break apart

What created a growing sectionalism between the north and south?

The north and south had different economies, political views, and ideas about slavery