Ahern Theology III Semester 1 Exam

Amen

"I believe"

Confession

Acknowledging and telling one's sins to a priest. Honest confession of sins is an *essential part* of the Sacrament of Penance.

idolatry

excessive or blind adoration; worship of an object

Theological virtues

faith, hope, love/charity

Two kinds of priesthood

*Communal:* (Community), the laity-(all those baptized) possess the gift of proclaiming the praises of God as incorporated into christ who is priest, prophet, and king. The baptized share in one priesthood of Jesus Christ by participating in his mission as priest. prophet and king. *Ministerial:* Through the ordained ministry, especially that of bishops and priests, the presence of Christ as head of the Church is made visible in the midst of the community of believers.

Baptism

*Matter*: washing with water *Form:* "I baptize you in the name of the father and of the son and of the holy spirit." *Minister:* ordained minister; anyone who says the words intending the sacrament when there is danger of death *Effects:* remission of both actual and Original sin, as well as punishment due to sin; reception of the indelible character of Christ *Recipient:* unbaptized, living person

Anointing

*Matter:* anointing with oil of the sick *Form:* "Through this holy anointing may the Lord in his love and mercy help you with the Grace of the Holy Spirit. May the Lord who frees us from sin save you and raise you up." *Minister:* priest *Effects:* union to the Passion of Christ; strength, peace, endurance; forgiveness of sings, preparation for death *Recipient:* baptized Christian at the age of reason, who is alive, sick and in danger of death, and either consciously desires it, or unconscious and can be presumed to want it

Reconciliation

*Matter:* contrition, confession, satisfaction *Form:* "I absolve you from your sins in the name of the father and of the son and of the holy spirit." *Minister:* priest *Effects:* reconciliation with God; healing of the soul weakened by sin; peace of conscience; regain merits lost through mortal sin *Recipient:* baptized Christian guilty of personal sin, contrite, confessing, willing to make satisfaction

Confirmation

*Matter:* imposition of hands, anointing of the forehead with chrism (oil blessed by bishop) *Form:* "Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit." *Minister:* bishop; priest who has been granted faculty by bishop *Effects:* increase in Baptismal gifts; obliges and disposes recipient to believe and defend the faith *Recipient:* unconfirmed, baptized, properly prepared person

Eucharist

*Matter:* unleavened wheat bread, grape wine *Form:* "This is my body, which will be given up for you...This is the cup of my blood, the blood of the new and everlasting covenant. It will be shed for you and for many so that sins may be forgiven. Do this in memory of me." *Minister:* priest for consecration, ordained ministers and properly appointed extraordinary lay ministers for distribution *Effects:* communion with Christ and his mystical body (the church); increase in sanctifying grace; blotting out venial sins, protects against mortal sins *Recipient:* baptized, at the age of reason, in sanctifying grace, having fasted 1 hour

Grace: sanctifying, actual, sacramental

*actual:* God's interventions and support for us in the everyday moments of our lives; they are important for conversion and for continuing growth in holiness *sanctifying:* the grace that heals our human nature wounded by sin and restores us to friendship with God by giving us a share in the divine life of the Trinity; it is a supernatural gift of God, infused into our souls by the Holy Spirit, that continues the work of making us holy *sacramental:* the gifts of the 7 sacraments

goal of level 2 happiness

-finding happiness in ego gratification -comes when we are in control, admired, or superior -sources: achievement, winning, praise/popularity, power

goal of level 4 happiness

-finding happiness in the perfect and unconditional love of God and living for God and others; committing to God and his plan

goal of level 3 happiness

-finding happiness is doing good for another person and making a positive difference in someone's life -not about doing more but being more

goal of level 1 happiness

-finding immediate happiness in physical pleasures or possession of material things -physical gratification through fulfillment of five senses -these pleasures are so fleeting that they must constantly be replaced, and until that happens, our happiness is on hold

The four levels of happiness

1- Material Pleasures 2- Ego Gratification 3- Contribution to Others 4- God's Perfect Love; Ultimate Good

Manna

A sweet bread-like food that God provided for the Israelites in the desert

"mystery"

A truth about God and his saving plan that will always be beyond human understanding

Liturgy of the Hours

Also known as the Divine Office, the official, public, daily prayer of the Catholic Church. The Divine Office provides standard prayers, Scripture readings, and reflections at regular hours throughout the day

Symbol

An object or action that points us to another reality. It leads us to look beyond our senses to consider a deeper mystery.

Sacraments of Initiation

Baptism, Confirmation, Eucharist

Adoration

Eucharistic adoration is a practice in which the Blessed Sacrament is adored by the faithful, time for prayer and reflection

Sacraments of Communion

Holy Orders and Holy Matrimony

Transubstantiation

In the Sacrament of the Eucharist, this is the name given to the action of changing the bread and wine into the Body and Blood of Jesus Christ.

Melchizedek

Priest who blessed Abraham, typology of Jesus

Sacraments of Healing

Reconciliation and Anointing of the Sick

Pentecost

The fiftieth day following Easter, which commemorates the descent of the Holy Spirit on the early Apostles and disciples.

Last Supper

The Passover meal taken by Christ with his apostles the night before his Passion. Through this meal, Christ instituted the Holy Eucharist and the priesthood

RCIA

The Rite of Christian Initiation of Adults; The process by which anyone of catechetical age is initiated into the Catholic Church

Original Holiness and Justice

The state of man and woman before sin. "From their friendship with God flowed the happiness of their existence in paradise."

thanksgiving

a form of prayer that involves expressing gratitude or thanks to God for all that he gives to and for us

praise

a form of prayer whereby we acknowledge God and his goodness and glorify him for who he is

Venial sin

a less serious offense against the will of God that diminishes one's personal character and weakens but does not rupture one's relationship with God

intercession

a prayer on behalf of another person or group

petition

a prayer where we ask God for something

Contrition (& attrition)

an *attitude of sorrow* for a sin committed and a resolution not to sin again; it is a response to God's gracious love and forgiveness

satisfaction

an act whereby the *sinner makes amends*, especially in reparation to God for offenses against him

Mortal sin- why mortal? What must be present?

an action so contrary to the will of God that it results in complete separation from God and his grace; as a consequence of that separation, the person is condemned to eternal death; for a sin to be a mortal sin, three conditions must be met: the act must involve grave matter, the person must have full knowledge of the evil of the act, and the person must give his or her full consent to committing the act

definition of sacrament

an efficacious sign of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us -baptism, eucharist, confirmation, penance and reconciliation, anointing of the sick, matrimony, holy orders

Absolution

an essential part of the sacrament of penance and reconciliation in which the priest pardons the sins of the person confessing, in the name of God and the Church

Typology

an event, place, or person in the Old Testament that foreshadows an event, person, or place in the New Testament

Sin

any deliberate offense, in thought, word, or deed, against the will of God

arbitrary

based on random choice or personal whim, rather than any reason or system

principle of non-contradiction

something cannot both be and not be at the same time in the same way

sacrilege

improper or disrespectful treatment of something held sacred

absolute

it is universal and permanent; true without exception -mathematical principles, history, logic

relative

it might be true, depending on relation to situation

subjective

statements that need someone to think/believe it--> preferences, delusions

Substance vs. Accidents

substance is the actual material thing whereas the accidents are the appearances or reality of the thing

Holiness

perfection of charity -in order to reach this perfection the faithful should use the strength dealt out to them by Christ's gift so that doing the will of the Father in everything, they may wholeheartedly devote themselves to the glory of God and to service of their neighbor

objective

real, true; concerned with realities and not the thinking of the person; detached and without prejudice; a purpose, something aimed for

eros

romantic love

How to avoid sinning in the future

run away from the occasions that cause you to sin, ask for the grace of God, postpone the sin, replace sin with a good activity, image repercussions

Benediction

the act of blessing

materialism

the belief in only material things; no belief in a spirit, soul, or afterlife

moral relativism

the belief that there is no real right or wrong, but thinking makes it so -people are the ones who determine morality

lex orandi, lex credendi

the law of praying is the law of believing

Reconciliation

the liturgical celebration of *God's forgiveness* of sin, through which the sinner is *reconciled* with both God and the church

the natural moral law

the moral order that is part of God's design for creating the law that expresses the original moral sense, enabling people to discern good and evil through the use of reason -we have a natural inclination to know and choose good

Tabernacle

the place where Consecrated Hosts are kept after the celebration of the Mass

divination/magic

the practice that seeks to foretell future events or discover hidden knowledge, usually by the aid of supernatural powers

Catechesis

the process by which Christians of all ages are taught the essentials of Christian doctrine and are formed as disciples of Christ

Providence

the protective care of God or of nature as a spiritual power

efficacious

the sacraments are efficacious, meaning that they are effective and that they actually work because Christ is at work with them

Trinity

the truth that God, although one, is three Divine Persons: the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit.

empiricism

the view that knowledge originates in experience and that science should, therefore, rely on observation and experimentation -belief that the only things that we can know are empirically proven/given

Paschal Mystery

the work of salvation accomplished by Jesus Christ mainly through his Passion, death, Resurrection, and Ascension.

Penance

voluntary self-punishment in order to *atone* for some wrongdoing

agape

you desire what is good for the other, not what the other wants, but the objective good of the other