All other hormones
Epinephrine
EPI adrenal medulla - about 80% Causes heart rate to increase and glucose levels in blood to increase, used in fight or flight to stimulate sympathetic nervous system
Norepinephrine
NE Adrenal medulla - about 20% Also stimulates sympathetic nervous system, control blood pressure, increase alertness.
Glucagon
Pancreas Action: stimulates the liver to break down glycogen and convert noncarbohydrates into glucose; stimulates breakdown of fats Source: blood glucose concentration Glucagon breaks down glycogen into glucose, releasing sugar
Somatostatin
SS Pancreas Action: helps regulate carbohydrates
Insulin
pancreas Action: promotes formation of glycogen from glucose, inhibits conversion of noncarbohydrates into glucose, and enhances movement of glucose through adipose and muscle cell membranes, decreasing blood glucose concentration, promotes transport of amino acids into cells, enhances synthesis of proteins and fats Source of control: blood glucose concentration Insulin forms glycogen from glucose, storing sugar
Cortisol
Adrenal Cortex - zona fasciculata Action: decreases protein synthesis, increases fatty acid release and stimulates glucose synthesis from noncarbohydrates Factors regulating: CRH from the hypothalamus and ACTH from the anterior pituitary gland
Aldosterone
Adrenal Cortex - zona glomerulosa Action - helps regulate the concentration of extracellular electrolytes by conserving sodium ions and excreting potassium ions Regulated by: electrolyte concentrations in body fluids and renin-angiotensin system
Adrenal Androgens
Adrenal Cortex - zona reticularis Action: supplement sex hormones from the gonads, may be converted into estrogens