allied health- anatomy, physiology, and disease the basics
the three general cavities of the body include: the thoracic cavity, the abdominopelvic cavity, and the _____ cavity.
dorsal
cubital
elbow
when considering the appendicular region, cubital means....
elbow
facial
face
facial region
face
true or false: the terms right and left change for a structure depending on whether the viewer is looking at the structure from the front or from the back
false
distal
farther from the connection to the body
deep
farther from the surface (used for layered structures
inferior
farther from the top of the head(used for head, neck, and trunk)
Anterior or Ventral
front or belly side
inguinal
groin
physiology
is the study of exactly how all of these structures function
patellar
knee
pelvic
lower end of the trunk
Thoracic: pleural cavities pericardial cavity
lungs heart
the anatomical term of direction that describes a structure located toward the back or behind another structure is_________
posterior (dorsal)
a structure of an arm or leg is____ to another structure if it is located closer to the trunk or point of attachment
proximal
the directional term used when one structure is located closer to the top of the head than another structure is_____
superior
the eyebrows are____ to the chest
superior
Anatomical cavities
there are 3 general cavities- the dorsal cavity, the thoracic cavity, and the abdominopelvic cavity- that can be further subdivided.
the appendicular region of the body includes the
upper and lower extremities
what is the greater omentum?
* it looks like a fatty apron lying over the abdominal organs * it is an extension of the visceral peritoneum. *it is a membrane that extends from the inferior margin of the stomach
serous membranes associated with the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities include the:
* pleura *pericardium *peritoneum
the cavity that contains the urinary bladder, internal reproductive organs, and rectum is the _____ cavity
*pelvic
the abdominal region can be divided into either four ____ or into _____ regions similar to tic-tac-toe grid
*quadrants *nine
if a student sunbathes on his/her back with palms up, the student is in a ____ position. but if he/she is positioned on his/her belly with palms down, he/she would be in a ______ position.
*supine *prone
anatomical positions
anatomical terms may also be used to describe body position, such as standard anatomical position, which appears earlier in this chapter.
the branch of science concerned with the structure of body parts is called_____
anatomy
tarsal
ankle
prone and supine
are terms that may be used to describe the position of either the entire body or individual parts of the body such as the hands. For example, your hands would be in a supine position if you held them out in from of you, palms facing up.
brachial
arm
axillary
armpit
axillary region
armpit
the axillary region is the
armpit
appendicular
arms and legs
a structure described as being lateral is ________
away from the midline
lateral
away from the midline of the body
the region of the body that includes the head, neck and trunk is the ______ region.
axial
posterior or dorsal
back side
abdominal
belly
abdominal region
belly
umbilical region
belly
Dorsal: cranial cavity Vertebral cavity
brain spinal cord
proximal
closer to the connection to the body
superficial
closer to the surface (used for layered structures)
superior
closer to the top of the head (used for head, neck, and trunk
a structure that is located away from the body surface is described as being_____
deep
a term that describes the position of a structure that is beneath another structure and away from the body surface is________
deep
inguinal region
groin
cephalic or cranial
head
cephalic region
head
structures located in the axial body region are the_____
head,neck and trunk
the right and left iliac regions lie on each side of the _____ region
hypogastric
on the trunk of the body, a structure that is located below another (closer to the feet) is said to be___ to it
inferior
the neck is farther from the head than the mouth, the neck is________ to the mouth
inferior
anatomy
is the study of body structures, including structures of all sizes, from microscopic red blood cells to the heart, which is the size of a fist
pelvic region
lower end of trunk
in describing the position of anatomical structures, closer to the midline means?
medial
the sections of the peritoneal membrane where the parietal peritoneum comes back parallel to itself are the_____
mesenteries
umbilical
naval
how can the abdominal region be divided?
nine regions
left
on the body's left side (not the viewer's left side)
right
on the body's right side (not the viewer's right side)
palmar
palms of the hands
the knee is in the ____ region
patellar
the study of the function of the body and its parts is
physiology
the heart is located____ to the sternum (breast bone)
posterior
the kidneys and pancreas are ____ because they are between the parietal peritoneum and the posterior abdominal wall.
retroperitoneal
frontal or coronal
separates anterior from posterior (from from the back)
sagittal
separates right from left. if the plane is exactly down the midline of the body, it is midsagittal
transverse or horizontal
separates top from bottom; commonly called a cross section
double-layered membranes that contain fluid between the 2 layers are called______ membranes
serous membranes
plantar
soles of the feet
standing upright with arms at sides and palms forward is referred to as being in the standard _____________position
standard anatomical position
a structure described as closer to the surface is_______
superficial
femoral
thigh
the mediastinum is located in the _____ cavity
thoracic
medial
toward the midline of the body
a structure located to the front of another structure is considered to be _______
ventral
the portion of a serous membrane in direct contact with an organ is_____
visceral
carpal
wrist
the sternum (breast bone is_____ to the heart
anterior
prone
anterior surface facing down
supine
anterior surface facing up
a structure to the front of another is
anterior(ventral)
thoracic
chest
thoracic region
chest
visceral peritoneum
covers the abdominal organs
visceral pericardium
covers the heart
visceral pleura
covers the lungs
a term that describes the position of a structure that is beneath another structure and away from the body surface is_____
deep
abdominopelvic: abdominal cavity pelvic cavity
digestive organs, spleen urinary bladder, rectum, reproductive organs
the part of an arm or leg that is located farther from the trunk than another structure is said to be________
distal
when considering the appendicular region, cubital means
elbow
the greater and lesser omentum are_____
extensions of the visceral peritoneum
on the trunk of the body, a structure that is located below another (closer to the feet) is said to be _____ to it.
inferior
which of the following organs are retroperitoneal
kidneys
structures located away from the midline are said to be _____
lateral
the ears are_____ and superior to the neck..
lateral
this figure shows that the stomach is on the ______ side of the body
left
parietal peritoneum
lines the abdominal wall
parietal pleura
lines the thoracic cavity
the space between the pleural cavities that contains the heart, esophagus, trachea, thymus, and major vessels is the __________
mediastinum
what are the sections of the peritoneal membrane where the parietal peritoneum comes back parallel to itself?
mesenteries
the portion of a serous membrane in contact with an organ is visceral and the portion of a serous membrane not in contact with an organ is_____________. fluid is located between the 2 portions.
peritoneal
anatomical terms
picture the body in the (standard anatomical position) before you begin to identify and describe the location of a structure. A body in the standard anatomical position looks like this: The body is upright, the legs are closer together, the feet are flat on the floor, the arms are close to the sides, and the head, toes, and palms of the hands are facing forward.
a term that describes a body part of an arm or leg that is closer to a point of attachment to the trunk than another body part is_____
proximal
bilateral
relating to or affecting two sides
the live is mostly in the ______
right upper quadrant
the term of relative position that refers to a body part located closer to the top of the head is _____
superior
Anatomical regions
the 2 major regions of the body are the (axial) -head, neck and trunk. and the (appendicular region) -arms and legs these regions are further subdivided. The abdominal region can be divided in either of 2 ways: into 4 quadrants or into 9 regions similar to a tic-tac-toe grid.
where are meninges located?
they line the vertebral and cranial cavities.
the 3 general cavities in the body are the dorsal cavity, the abdominopelvic cavity and the ________ cavity
thoracic