Am. Gov. Chapter 8
Which of the following statements about negative ads and negative campaigning are true?
Abraham Lincoln was the target insulting comments about his appearance during election campaigns. Negative campaigning in presidential elections was used as long ago as when Thomas Jefferson ran for office.
which of the following are true of grassroots parties?
They are open to all citizens. They operate at the local level.
which of the following groups are currently most likely part of the democratic coalition?
african americans. union members. the elderly.
which of the following characteristics of political campaigns have undergone change?
amount of money required. focus of the campaign. length of the campaign.
the internet has proved itself to be superior to televised political advertising
as a means of getting campaign contributions from small donors.
all party organizations have a responsibility to
build support among voters
in terms of percentage of the presidential popular vote, the most successful of the twentieth century third parties was the ___________ party.
bull moose
Although party organizations still manage many tasks related to elections, the lead role in elections now lies with the
candidate
a state the prevents members from one political party from voting for another party's nominees has which type of primary?
closed
even if a third party candidate fails to win an election, the candidate has still done which of the following to the the third party succeed?
drawn attention to an issue previously ignored by the two major candidates. encouraged the major parties to address issues introduced by the third party.
since 1968 the republican party has been weaker at the national level than it was in the decades after the great depression.
false
since the 1980s, which group has voted strongly for the republican party?
fundamentalist christians
which of the following are true of hispanic voters in the united states?
hispanics tend to be liberal on economic issues and conservative on social issues. they lean heavily toward the democratic party.
Which type of third party is highly organized around a framework concerning the nature and role of government in society?
ideologically oriented parties
political parties began to emerge in the united states
in spite of the founding fathers' beliefs about them.
A(n) _________ political system is made up of at least three political parties.
multiparty
local party organizations operate
only during campaign periods
as a state such as california, that permits all registered voters, regardless of a party affiliation, to vote in a primary election has what type of primary system?
open
which of the following are considered functions of a political party?
parties seek to govern. parties endeavor to represent a majority.
organizations that nominate and seek to elect candidates to government office are known as
political parties
today's political campaigns rely on which of the following to be successful?
pollsters. campaign strategists. media producers.
which of the following contributed to the decline of the old system of party organizations?
primary elections
which type of third party arises from a belief that partisan politics is corrupting influence that needs to be changed?
reform parties
opposition to slavery gave rise to which party?
republican party
today, political candidates tend to
set up and run their own campaign organizations.
third parties formed to promote a stance on particular issue are known as
single-issue parties
which of the following voting blocs was largely notable in its migration to the republican party during the 1980s?
southern whites
which single expenditure accounts for the most spending on U.S. political campaigns?
television ads
when a realignment in the electorate occurs, which of the following occurs?
the parties reorganize themselves.
which of the following statements about televised debates in presidential campaigns are true?
they are usually part of presidential campaigns
how do candidates encourage people to vote on election day?
they rely on organizations to spread the word. they contact prospective voters on elections day.
how did many of the founders of the united states view political parties?
they viewed political parties with suspicion
which of the following are roles that national political parties have?
to raise money for presidential campaigns. to seek media coverage of party positions and activities. to raise money for congressional campaigns.
which president was elected under his promise that he would do something about the great depression?
franklin d. roosevelt
which party benefited from the 1896 realignment, which was triggered by an economic depression following a banking crisis under president grover cleveland?
republican party
the in-party's chances of staying in power has historically depended primarily on
the condition of the economy.
which political party as been known for its advancement of civil rights and expansion of social welfare programs?
the democratic party
current election laws in the united states favor
a two-party system.
what is another name for the plurality system?
winner-take-all system
the civil war triggered a party realignment. what were the two major parties during this realignment period?
Democratic party republican party
Which of the following statements is true regarding a single-member district electoral system?
The candidate with more votes than any opponent wins the election in the district.
countries with multiparty systems tend to have what kind of electoral system?
a proportional representation system
which president was a leading advocate of giving ordinary citizens a more direct role in the democratic party?
andrew jackson
modern campaigns for high office
are much longer than they were historically.
since the great depression, which party's agenda has included a strong commitment to provide a safety net for the most vulnerable members of society?
democratic
Which are the major political parties in the united states?
democratic party republican party
true or false: today's candidates are more likely than before to owe their nomination to the efforts of their political party organization.
false
the fact that more white women than white men vote for the democratic party is and example of a(n) _________ gap
gender
voting for a candidate's promises rather than his or her past actions is an example of what is called __________ voting.
prospective
state parties are involved with which of the following activities?
voter registration. election of u.s. senators.
which party formed during the 1830s was competitive agains the jacksonian democratic party?
whig party
the main opposition to the democratic party in the 1830s and 1840s was the __________ party, which eventually died out
whig
what were the two competitive political parties during the first party system?
Democratic-republicans federalists
in general, political parties are made up of a __________ constituency of supporters.
broad
which of the following factors have contributed to the weakening of party organizations?
primary elections. candidate-centered campaigns.
in politics, what are linkage institutions?
they connect citizens with the government
what of the following are true about political contributions called hard money?
it is subject to legal limits. it is money given directly to a candidate. it can be spent as the recipient chooses.
which of the following statements sum up the various functions of political consultants?
production of promotional materials. advising on how to run successful campaign. gathering voter opinions.
on a ____________, citizens vote for candidates from different parties
split-ticket
which is a reason why some scholars think we have moved into a new party alignment?
the republican party has become stronger in the south and the democratic party had become stronger in the northeast.
which of the following statements describe how the u.s. campaigns are both party centered candidate centered?
the same parties are represented nationwide. candidates organize their own campaigns.
when can political parties move away from the middle of the political spectrum and still be somewhat successful in their goals?
in times of crisis
the rise of candidate-centered campaigns has
increased the importance of money in political campaigns. made it easier for political newcomers to win high office.
when a political party makes a(n) __________ for an elected office, it selects a person to run as the party's candidate in the general election for that office.
nomination
which of the following are considered ways in which third parties can impact the american political process?
they give voters who are dissatisfied with the candidates from the two major parties a this option to vote for. they can influence electoral outcomes in a closely contested election between the two dominant party candidates. they draw attention to issues that are not getting much attention from the two major parties.